1,720,984 research outputs found
Feeding Disorders of Early Childhood: An Empirical Study of Diagnostic Subtypes
No full textFeeding disorders in DSM-5: Diagnostic and therapeutic considerations
Ammaniti M. ("Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy), Bryant-Waugh R. (Great Ormond Street Hospital, United
Kingdom), Ammaniti M. ("Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy), Chatoor I. (Children National Medical Center,
United States), Keren M. (Université d'Israël et AEPEA, Israel), Lucarelli L. (Psychology Department. University of
Cagliari, Italy), Cimino S. ("Sapienza" University of Rome, Italy), D'Olimpio F. (University of Naples, Italy)
In DSM-IV-TR Feeding Disorder of Infancy or Early Childhood is a broadly defined category which in practice
includes a range of presentations and is therefore of limited clinical utility. In DC: 0-3 R Feeding Behavior Disorder
includes six subcategories describing specific types of feeding disorder starting from the early months of life.
However, it is important to emphasize that only some of these categories have been confirmed by clinical research,
with a range of other classificatory terms used in the literature also having limited empirical support. Inconsistent
use of terminology and inadequacies with current diagnostic and classificatory systems remain a significant problem
for the field of feeding disorders. In the draft revisions for DSM-5, consistent with a wider recognition of the need to
reflect growing evidence of continuity between psychopathology more generally across the age range, it has been
proposed to move all feeding and eating disorders into a single category of Feeding and Eating Disorders. Across
both DSM-5 and ICD-11 it is proposed that disorders should no longer be placed under a heading of "onset usually
occurring in childhood and adolescence" but a life-span approach should be adopted with guidance given regarding
age-related manifestations of the same core disturbance. Accordingly the intention is that disturbances in feeding
and eating should be organized by core features of psychopathology and presentation, with DSM 5 Feeding and
Eating Disorders including a proposed category of Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder. This would in effect
subsume Feeding Disorder of Infancy or Early Childhood. This Symposium will approach some of the key issues
relating to the diagnosis of feeding disorders from four different perspectives. Our aim is to illustrate and emphasize
the importance of sensitive and valid diagnostic placeholders in developing and evaluating therapeutic interventions,
and in furthering the feeding disorders field in both research and clinical practice. We need to improve our ability to
consistently select and implement optimal strategies for specific feeding disorders, and to evaluate the outcomes of
our therapeutic interventions to confirm and enhance our intervention strategies. Rachel Bryant-Waugh will provide
an overview of diagnostic issues across DSM-IV-TR, DC: 0-3 R and proposed revisions for DSM-5. Massimo Ammaniti (Chair) will use research data to discuss the differentiation among the DC:0-3R categories of Infantile
Anorexia, Sensory Food Aversion and Feeding Disorder Associated with Insults to the Gastrointestinal Tract. Miri
Keren will present parent-infant group therapy as a model for treating Infantile Anorexia and Irene Chatoor will
present 5 – 10 year follow-up data on a cohort of toddlers with Infantile Anorexia. Speakers will together present for
a maximum of 60 minutes with at the end of the session time being given over for active discussion with delegates
of the issues raised
Disturbi di regolazione alimentare: temperamento infantile, psicopatologia materna e relazione diadica
No full textDisturbi di regolazione alimentare: temperamento infantile, psicopatologia materna e relazione diadica
No full textUltradian Rhythms in Avoidance Behaviour of DBA Mice
No full textThis study investigates ultradian rhythm in avoidance behavior of mice, which may constitute a Basic Rest Activity cycle (BRAC). Reaction times (RTs) of an avoidance response to a visual warning stimulus which preceded an electric shock were measured by the use of a computer-controlled shuttle-box. The male naive BDA mice were brought to a criterion of 98% correct responses in numerous training sessions. For each subject, all the temporal sequences of the RTs in the trials following achievement of the criterion were examined with Discrete Fourier Transform. Periodograms were obtained from 3 sessions for each of the 2 animals in the first experiment and from 15 subjects in the second experiment. Analysis of the periodograms reveals a stable rhythm in avoidance behavior of mice, with a period of about 14 minutes. The presence of these periodicities could show the existence, also in small rodents, of a BRAC rhythm
Feeding disorders in infancy: an empirical study on mother-infant interaction
No full textAim. The objective of this paper is an empirical analysis of mother-infant feeding interactions through an observational instrument (Feeding Scale), which is applied to the videotape of a feeding session. Methods. Three samples of mothers and their children have been examined (104 couples with children ranging in age from 2 to 36 months: a first group in which children presented a feeding disorder on organic and functional base (food intolerances and/or gastroesophageal reflux), a second group in which the disorder was not due to a medical condition and a third group of control. The Authors meant to test three hypotheses: 1) the presence of developmental changes in mother-infant interactional patterns during the course of the first three years of life; 2) higher degree of dysfunction of mother-infant interaction in those dyads in which the feeding disorder had not organic causes; 3) dysfunctional interactions in the couples of mothers and children in which the feeding disorder was on an organic base. Results. The results of the statistic analyses have confirmed the hypotheses, providing different elements of reflection. Conclusions. The Authors underline the importance of a multidimensional, global and integrated approach in the clinical assessment and treatment, which evaluates the possible interconnections among organic, psychogenetic and relational factors in the origin and course of feeding disorders in infancy and early childhood
EXPLAINING INTERACTION OF GUILT AND OBSESSIVE-COMPULSIVE SYMPTOMS IN NOT JUST RIGHT EXPERIENCES
No full textObjective: “Not Just Right Experiences” (NJREs) are currently considered a characteristic of Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder (OCD). Significant associations have been found between NJREs and Obsessive–Compulsive (OC) symptoms in nonclinical and clinical populations. Literature support a significant relationship between NJREs, feelings of guilt and OC features. This study aims to clarify the role of the potential interplay between guilt and OC symptomatology in NJREs and verify if high levels of guilt will predict NJREs and OC symptoms and trait guilt levels will positively interact in their prediction of NJREs. Method: One hundred and eighty-nine adults recruited from normal population were assessed with questionnaires of NJREs and OC symptoms and proneness to experience guilt. Results: All the variables involved in the study (NJREs severity, guilt and OCI-R scores) were positively and significantly correlated and showed that guilt and OCI-R scores significantly and positively interact in the prediction of NJREs levels. Guilt predicted NJREs only when levels of OCI-R were high. Conclusions: These results support the association between guilt sensitivity or OC symptoms and NJREs in clinical and nonclinical participants and that a disposition toward high levels of guilt and OC symptoms have a particular sensitivity to NJREs corroborating centrality of guilt in OC symptoms
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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