1,721,290 research outputs found

    Infestation of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) on two flower plants of new introduction: Calendula officinalis L. and Paeonia lactiflora Pall.

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    Infestation of root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne incognita on Calendula officinalis and M. hapla on Paeonia lactiflora, two flower plants of new introduction in Campania, have been for the first time in Italy. The determination of the species was based on perineal patterns and on the ratio between the distance from the cephalic area end to excretory pore and stylet length (EP/St). The infestations cause damage of tolerable entity on marigold, the most serious on peony. For both species have been also reported major bioecological data particularly relevant for the times and modality of nematodes control

    3D-CFD Methodologies for a Fast and Reliable Design of Ultra-Lean SI Engines

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    The continuous pursuit of higher combustion efficiencies, as well as the possible usage of synthetic fuels with different properties than fossil-ones, require reliable and low-cost numerical approaches to support and speed-up engines industrial design. In this context, SI engines operated with homogeneous ultra-lean mixtures both characterized by a classical ignition configuration or equipped with an active prechamber represent the most promising solutions. In this work, for the classical ignition arrangement, a 3DCFD strategy to model the impact of the ignition system type on the CCV is developed using the RANS approach for turbulence modelling. The spark-discharge is modelled through a set of Lagrangian particles, whose velocity is modified with a zero-divergence perturbation at each discharge event, then evolved according to the Simplified Langevin Model (SLM) to simulate stochastic interactions with the surrounding gas flow. For the active prechamber configuration, instead, a CFD methodology based on a 3DRANS approach is proposed to model the combustion process, in which the air-fuel mixture distribution inside the prechamber is properly considered without a 3D simulation of the main chamber intake process. This is carried out through a non-reacting simulation of the prechamber-only until IVC, then results are interpolated on a different 3D engine mesh for the further compression and combustion stages. The proposed methodologies were assessed and validated against experimental measurements at different operating conditions

    Sensory properties of foods functionalised with milk proteins

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    The growing interest in a healthy lifestyle has motivated consumers to ask for functional foods capable of conferring additional benefits to simple nutrition. However, such functional products must also meet the sensory features required by the market to be competitive and acceptable for consumption. In this regard, milk proteins have been very successful due to their nutritional quality and their versatility as food ingredients. Here we have reviewed the current knowledge on the use of native or customised milk proteins to improve the nutritional and techno-functional properties of functional foods. We also explore the interactions between milk proteins and other matrix components (i.e., volatile compounds and phenolic compounds), focusing on the effects of their addition on the physicochemical and sensory properties. Furthermore, we discuss the applications of milk proteins (whey and casein-based ingredients) in both dairy and non-dairy foods. Milk proteins are versatile and can be used to develop customised milk protein-based ingredients with the most desired functional properties. Their binding properties with volatile and phenolic compounds improve the flavour perception, helping to reduce fat, sugar and salt in foods. Such interactions between milk proteins and food matrix components can change the protein structure imparting new functional properties. Depending on the food formulation and purpose, the amount and type of milk protein to be used are good variables to consider in order to optimise the technological and sensory properties of food

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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