1,721,002 research outputs found
Review article: description and management of fatigue in inflammatory bowel disease
No full textBackgroundFatigue is a common and leading concern for patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). It is managed inadequately in IBD, and there is little evidence to support interventions.AimTo examine patients’ experience of and factors contributing to IBD-fatigue, and to appraise its management by patients and healthcare professionals.MethodsSeven electronic databases were searched. Subject headings and free-text searching were used, with no time limit set. Reference lists of retrieved papers were searched manually.ResultsTwenty-eight papers were reviewed. Researchers used terms including ‘fatigue’, ‘low energy’, ‘tiredness’, ‘decline in vitality and vigour’ and ‘reduced energy and vitality’. Different definitions were used to conceptualise fatigue. None of the reviewed studies asked patients to describe the experience of fatigue in their own words. Numerous physical, psychological and situational factors associated with fatigue were identified. Three small randomised control trials reported a favourable effect of infliximab and adalimumab on fatigue. One intervention study reported benefit from a stress management programme and one from solution-focused therapy.ConclusionsInconsistent use of terminology, lack of data from patients’ perspective on inflammatory bowel disease-fatigue and lack of evidence to support its management contribute to fatigue being largely ignored or overlooked by healthcare professionals. Future research should explore the experience of IBD-fatigue from the individual patient perspective. Further studies are required to fully explore the factors associated with fatigue and to develop patient-centred interventions to reduce fatigue
Letter: Validated fatigue questionnaires in inflammatory bowel diseases - authors' reply
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
N12 A decade of waiting to know is not good enough! Experiences of women with vulval Crohn’s disease
No full textAbstract
Background
Vulval Crohn’s disease is a rare extra manifestation of inflammatory bowel disease, and there is no treatment consensus for it. Current evidence is mainly from case studies and includes only about 250 participants globally. We explored how vulval Crohn’s disease affects women’s sexual well-being, and aimed to understand what might be the specific experiences of sexuality in this group
Methods
Three participants from a phenomenological study exploring sexuality in inflammatory bowel disease have self-reported as diagnosed with vulval Crohn’s disease. Data collected from telephone interviews were analysed using thematic analysis.
Results
Women with vulval Crohn’s disease reported a severe disease course with devastating consequences on their sexuality, and suffered years of delay in their diagnosis. Their experiences were summarised in four main themes: Scarred by Crohn’s, Striving for normality, Waiting too long, and Who’s going to help? Sex posed extreme challenges imposed by the condition, and participants waited almost a decade to get a diagnosis, which negatively affected their trust in clinicians. In their effort to continue to enjoy a sexual life as normal as possible, they had feared for the future, as they felt healthcare professionals were unsure of who should help those living with vulval Crohn’s disease.
Conclusion
In spite of specialists having knowledge of vulval Crohn’s disease, participants experienced lengthy periods to get a diagnosis, with damaging consequences for their lives. Discussing sexual well-being in clinical settings may increase chances of early detection and avoid worsening symptoms.
</jats:sec
- …
