170,605 research outputs found
The Houston Sarmatian, Vol., 3, No. 4
No full textIn this issue: The Attractiveness of Polish Culture -- Economic Shorthand from Peter Czajkowski -- Polish Christians and Polish Jews in Soviet-Dominated Poland-- Announcements -- Calendar of Events -- Letter
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Mitomycin C in highly myopic eyes - Author reply
No full textOphthalmology. 2005 Feb;112(2):208-18; discussion 219.
Mitomycin C modulation of corneal wound healing after photorefractive keratectomy in highly myopic eyes.
Gambato C, Ghirlando A, Moretto E, Busato F, Midena E.
SourceRefractive Surgery Service and Antimetabolite Therapy Research Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of topical mitomycin C in corneal wound healing (CWH) after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in highly myopic eyes.
DESIGN: Prospective, double-masked, randomized clinical trial.
PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-two eyes of 36 patients affected by high (>7 diopters) myopia.
METHODS: In each patient, one eye was randomly assigned to PRK with intraoperative topical 0.02% mitomycin C application, and the fellow eye was treated with a placebo. Postoperatively, mitomycin C-treated eyes received artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months), whereas the fellow eye was treated with fluorometholone sodium 2% and artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity, manifest refraction, and biomicroscopy. Contrast sensitivity was determined using the Pelli-Robson chart. Corneal confocal microscopy documented CWH.
RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 18 months (range, 12-36). No side effects or toxic effects were documented. At 12-month follow-up examination, UCVAs (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) were 0.4+/-0.48 and 0.5+/-0.53 (P = .03) in mitomycin C-treated eyes and corticosteroid-treated eyes, respectively. At 1 year, corneal haze developed in 20% of corticosteroid-treated eyes, versus 0% of mitomycin C-treated eyes. At 12, 24, and 36 months, corneal confocal microscopy showed activated keratocytes and extracellular matrix significantly more evident in untreated eyes (Ps = 0.004, 0.024, and 0.046, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Topical intraoperative application of 0.02% mitomycin C can reduce haze formation in highly myopic eyes undergoing PRK.
Comment in
Ophthalmology. 2006 Feb;113(2):357; author reply 357-8
Impact of the 2003 summer drought on growth of beech sapling natural regeneration (Fagus sylvatica L.) in north-eastern Central Europe
No full textSummer 2003 was one of the warmest and driest periods in Central Europe for almost 100 years. The air temperature between June and August was anomalous, deviating from the 30 year average (1961-1990) by +2 degrees C to +5 degrees C. In northeastern Central Europe (51 degrees N-55-N, 10 degrees E-17 degrees E: north-eastern Germany and western Poland) a deficit in precipitation of 180 mm resulted from the 2003 drought. In this year the precipitation rate amounted to 440 turn p. a. only. European beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is one of the main tree species in the ongoing conversions of coniferous plantations to deciduous forests, since beech dominates the potential natural vegetation (PNV) in large parts of Central Europe. However, the reputed drought sensitiveness of beech has led to discussions about the growth and regeneration of beech on dryer sites in southern Germany in the context of climate change predictions. In eight pure and mixed European beech forests in northeastern Central Europe the growth response of natural beech regeneration during the 2003 summer drought and the additional effects of shading was investigated. The selected stands, comprising four to six year old natural beech regeneration situated on sites with similar sandy soils, spanned a 600 kin geographic gradient from Northeast Germany to Northeast Poland (Masuria). During the extended drought period from end of July to mid August 2003, the plant water status of beech regeneration was assessed by measuring the predawn potential (psi(PD)) of 17 to 22 randomly selected saplings with a Scholander pressure chamber. All stands were then classified into class (1) without water stress (psi(PD) > -0.4 MPa), class (2) with moderate water stress (psi(PD) -0.4 MPa to -0.8 MPa) or class (3) with high water stress (psi(PD) < -0.8 MPa). Inventories of natural regeneration took place on permanently marked plots 0.12 ha to 0.25 ha in area. On six to eight subplots (20 m(2) area), up to 20 beech saplings were labeled and total aerial shoot length, root collar diameter, and terminal shoot length were recorded. A second inventory in September 2004 enabled relative length and diameter increment in 2003 and 2004 to be calculated in relation to plant size at the beginning of the growth period. Hemispherical photography was used to consider additional effects of below-canopy irradiance on plant performance by deriving the diffuse site factor (DIFFSF) of each subplot. Results showed that plant water status during July and August 200 had a considerable effect on the relative increment of saplings during 2003 and 2004. Increased water stress, indicated by decreased predawn plant potential, correlated to lower relative length and diameter increment. A carry-over effect of the summer drought on beech sapling performance was evident as a decrease in relative growth was observed during the 2004 wet growing season compared to sapling growth during the 2003 drought year. An analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) identified both water stress and diffuse site factor (DIFFSF) as parameters affecting relative and absolute growth increment of the saplings. Water stress had a stronger effect on plant performance than shading. However influence of canopy was more evident when water stress was increased. For the relative length increment in 2004, climatic water shortage and diffuse site factor (DIFFSF) were found to have an interactive effect. The latter may reflect the impact of soil resource depletion in addition to the impact of shelterwood competition on regeneration performance by limiting light availability. In addition, the limited ability of shaded beech regeneration to adapt to water stress can also play a role. This may be due to the lower osmotic potential and lower root/shoot ratios of these plants. The lower adaptation potential of shaded beech exacerbates the impact of competition from the overstorey. The predicted increase in summer drought events in Central Europe suggest that an optimization of soil water resource management in future silvicultural planning will be crucial for successful beech stand regeneration. In this context, a marked reduction in canopy after the successful establishment of young beech plants will reduce the risk of water stress, provided competition from ground vegetation is controlled. Irregular shelterwood systems creating gap openings with an initial area of up to 20 meters in diameter will provide those conditions, particularly in gap centres. Additional opportunities to increase the water stress tolerance of beech stands, such as the introduction of beech provenances from their eastern or southern boundaries where dryer climates prevail, need to be investigated
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
A Multi-Language Comparison of Influences on Author Verification using Character N-Grams
No full textWe create a new multi-language corpus for author verification based on Wikipedia talkpages, and evaluate the influence that differences in topic and time have on character n-gram author profiles. Topic alignment between two texts is found to increase author verification precision, and an authors writing style is found to change over time, but not more significantly after 3 years than after 1 year.Information ArchitectureWISElectrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Scienc
A 0.12mm<sup>2</sup> Wien-Bridge Temperature Sensor with 0.1°C (3σ) Inaccuracy from -40°C to 180°C
No full text Resistor-based temperature sensors can achieve much higher resolution and energy efficiency than conventional BJT-based sensors [1], but they typically occupy more area (> 0.25 mm 2 ) and have lower operating temperatures (le 125 {circ} {C}) [2]-[4]. This work describes a 0.12mm 2 resistor-based sensor that uses a Wien-bridge (WB) filter to achieve 0.1 {circ} {C} (3 sigma) inaccuracy from - 40 {circ} {C} to 180 {circ} {C}. Compared to a state-of-the-art WB sensor [4], it occupies 6 × less area and achieves comparable relative accuracy over a 76% wider operating range. Session 10.3 Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository ‘You share, we take care!’ – Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Electronic InstrumentationMicroelectronic
A ±25A Versatile Shunt-Based Current Sensor with 10kHz Bandwidth and ±0.25% Gain Error from -40°C to 85°C Using 2-Current Calibration
No full textAccurate current sensing is critical in many industrial applications, such as battery management and motor control. Precise shunt-based current sensors have been reported with gain errors of less than 1% over the industrial temperature range (-40°C to 85°C) [1]–[4]. However, since they are intended for coulomb counting, their bandwidth is limited to a few tens of Hz, making them unsuitable for battery impedance or motor-current sensing. This paper presents a current sensor with a wide (10kHz) bandwidth and a tunable temperature compensation scheme (TCS), which allows it to be flexibly used with different types of shunts while maintaining high accuracy. A low-cost room-temperature calibration scheme is proposed to optimize gain flatness over temperature by exploiting the shunt's self-heating at large currents. Over the industrial temperature range and a ±25A current range, it achieves state-of-the-art gain error (±0.25%) with both low-cost PCB and stable metal-alloy shunts.Green Open Access added to TU Delft Institutional Repository 'You share, we take care!' - Taverne project https://www.openaccess.nl/en/you-share-we-take-care Otherwise as indicated in the copyright section: the publisher is the copyright holder of this work and the author uses the Dutch legislation to make this work public.Electronic InstrumentationMicroelectronic
An Article About Albertus C. Van Raalte, Author Unknown, Except for Parts Taken from an Article by Anna C. Post
No full textAn article about Albertus C. Van Raalte, author unknown, except for parts taken from an article by Anna C. Post. The author knew first generation persons in the Holland settlement and therefore, the article has some value.https://digitalcommons.hope.edu/vrp_1890s/1012/thumbnail.jp
Genetic epidemiology of mental health : twin and family studies of personality disorders, phobias, and symptoms of anxiety and depression
No full textIn this thesis we use genetically informative samples of twins and nuclear families to estimate the relative influence of genetic and environmental risk factors for a varied set of mental disorders.
In the first two papers, we consider personality disorders (PDs), a class of psychopathology characterised by marked deviations from contemporary expectations of society. To date there have been no large population based twin studies of personality disorders as assessed by structured interviews. We find that most PDs are moderately heritable, but see little empirical support for a grouping of three PDs into what is referred to “cluster C”. There was some evidence of shared environmental effects in Passive Aggressive PD, but not in the cluster C disorders.
In paper three we conduct a multivariate twin study on five kinds of phobias, to gauge the extent to which the genetic and environmental risk factors are common across the different diagnoses. We find the best model to contain two distinct liability factors, both of which are highly heritable. The first loads principally on animal phobia, while the second loads most heavily on the complex phobias, agoraphobia and social phobia. We also find that the genetic influence on blood phobia is largely unique to this disorder. For the phobias we find no evidence for common environmental influences.
In the forth paper we estimate an upper limit to the heritability of symptoms of anxiety and depression in the Nord-Trøndelag health study (HUNT). We find that these symptoms, as assessed by the ten item checklist (SCL-10), are less heritable than twin studies typically report, and we discuss possible reasons for this discrepancy
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