1,721,102 research outputs found
B. Curti s/m l. U. Hilty z. fr. Erinnerung
No full textDedikationssilhouette nach links von Bonifaz Curti, gewidmet Johann Ulrich Hilty (1827-1906)Anonyme/r Künstler/inEs könnte sich beim Dargestellten um Bonifaz Curti aus Rapperswil handeln, der zu dieser Zeit an der Universität Zürich immatrikuliert war, vgl. die Angaben zu Curti in der Matrikeledition der Universität Zürich (www.matrikel.uzh.ch [Stand: 20.04.2017])Handschriftliche Widmung unterhalb des Bildes "B. Curti s[eine]m l[ieben] U. Hilty z[ur] fr[eundlichen] Erinnerung
Systematic reviews in occupational health and safety: Where are we and where should we go?
No full textSystematic Reviews have been introduced to improve the synthesis of available evidence and to reduce bias in the conclusions about a body of evidence. Nowadays, Systematic Review is an established method also in the Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) field. It is the Cochrane Work Review Group that facilitates authors to produce Cochrane reviews of intervention topics in this area. A variety of guidelines used Cochrane Work reviews for underpinning their recommendations. Due to the comprehensive search and reproducibility of the methods of a systematic review, it turned out that systematic reviews can be powerful in changing beliefs. For example, studies published in the eighties advocated the use of back schools. Nowadays, we know that the total body of evidence has changed the traditional view that training in lifting techniques could prevent back pain. ‘Sitting is the new smoking’ is an eye catching nicely alliterating motto, but it is of course highly overstated. The findings of a Cochrane review of the effects of interventions to decrease sitting at work showed that sitting time can be reduced by a bit less than two hours per day by providing sit-stand desks plus education. However, it is unclear if this is sufficient to counter the effects of sitting. A wealth of evidence on OSH interventions has been collected by international collaboration in the Cochrane Work Review Group. This can be extended to systematic reviews of the effects of exposure of workers to assess to which risks of adverse health effects they are exposed
Shoulder Tendinopathies and Occupational Biomechanical Overload: A Critical Appraisal of Available Evidence
No full textBackground: The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between occupational exposure to biomechanical risk factors and shoulder tendinopathies. Methods: We updated recent systematic reviews about speciic shoulder disorders and work-related risk factors. MEDLINE was searched up to September 2022. Studies satisfying the following criteria were included: i) the diagnosis was based on physical examination plus imaging data (when available), and ii) the exposure assessment was based on video analysis and/or directly measured. Results: Five studies met the inclusion criteria: three cross-sectional studies identiied from published systematic reviews and two cohort studies retrieved from the update. Two studies investigated shoulder tendinitis, one supraspinatus tendinitis, and the other two rotator cuff syndrome. The diagnosis was based on physical examination, not supported by imaging techniques for all the included studies. In four out of ive studies, the exposure was assessed by experienced ergonomists with the support of video recordings. In two studies, the exposure assessment was further supplemented by force gauge measurements or direct measurements of upper arm elevation. Only the combined exposure of working with arms above shoulder level with forceful hand exertion appears to be associated with rotator cuff syndrome: i) a cohort study reported an HR=1.11 (95%CI 1.01-1.22) for each unit increase in forceful repetition rate when the upper arm is flexed & GE;45 & DEG; for & GE;29% of the working time; and ii) a cross-sectional study showed an OR=2.43 (95%CI 1.04-5.68) for the combination of upper arm flexion & GE;45 & DEG; for more than 15% of the time with a duty cycle of forceful exertions more than 9% of the time. Conclusions: There is moderate evidence of a causal association between shoulder tendinopathy and combined exposures of working above shoulder level with forceful hand exertion. The evidence is insufficient for any single biomechanical exposure on its own. High-quality cohort studies with direct exposure measures and objective diagnostic criteria are needed. The occupational origin of shoulder tendinopathies is still an open question that must be properly answered
3-D modeling and visualization of architectonic elements for urban recovery and re-qualification: the Sanuti-Bevilacqua Palace
Full text linkLaser scanning can now be defined without doubt as the newest frontier in the field of survey technique, and recent technological
developments of instruments and processing software have encouraged the introduction of this technique in the world of applications
connected to architecture and other related disciplines.
The study we have carried out clears up the advantages and problems generally encountered in the use of laser scanning techniques in
architectural applications.
In order to evaluate the potential of this new laser technology we used three different three-dimensional scanners in a survey of the
façade of the Sanuti-Bevilacqua Palace, an historical landmark building found in Bologna (Italy). The instruments make use of
different methods and are usually used in distinct sector; in particular, we wanted to test both instrumentations that make use of the
“time of flight” system and triangulation system.
In the following processing of the data, we gave particular importance to three-dimensional modelling working with the point cloud,
but studying then the way to extract from this the two-dimensional graphic necessary for architecture. The other fundamental subject
was the passage from the 3d model to the “Rapid Prototyping” techniques that lead to the physical reconstruction of the object, in the
prospect of a choice of architectural project that allows the substition and integration of degraded parts
Il Sistema di Sorveglianza MALPROF
No full textIl Sistema di sorveglianza delle malattie professionali, denominato MALPROF, avviato in una fase sperimentale in Lombardia ed in Toscana, ad inizio degli anni 2000, ed in anni successivi esteso ad altre Regioni, è stato sostenuto dal 2007 dal Ministero della Salute al fine di attivare un sistema di sorveglianza esteso su scala nazionale gestito dall’INAIL. Tale sistema, nel raccogliere e classificare le segnalazioni di malattie lavoro-correlabili che pervengono ai Servizi di Prevenzione delle ASL, utilizza un modello di analisi per l’attribuzione dell’eventuale nesso di causa in funzione delle informazioni disponibili sull’anamnesi lavorativa e sulla qualità della diagnosi
Effectiveness of preventive interventions and randomised controlled trials in occupational health: An overview of the last five decades
No full textIntroduction: Evidence-Based Medicine, as a new scientific paradigm, modified the approach to diagnosis, treatment and prevention of diseases based on the best available scientific evidence synthesized in systematic reviews since the last decade of the past century. To evaluate its influence, we assessed the trend in the number and proportion of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) and systematic reviews of preventive interventions in occupational health (OH) over the last five decades. Methods: PubMed has been searched using established search filters regarding occupational determinants of diseases, OH preventive interventions, RCTs and systematic reviews. The number of hits were assessed per decade. We estimated the number of pertinent studies in the systematically recruited samples of retrieved citations. Results: Over the years, the number of studies concerning the effectiveness of preventive interventions in OH increased 3.5-fold from 986 in 1970-1979 to 3,428 in 2010-2019. RCTs of preventive interventions increased more than 60-fold from 6 in the seventies to 370 in the last decade. Systematic reviews first appeared at the end of the past century with a 30-fold increase (from 4 to 120) over the last three decades. Discussion: The number of high-quality studies, such as RCTs and systematic reviews evaluating the effectiveness of preventive interventions in OH, has increased more rapidly than other studies on this topic. The Evidence-Based Medicine philosophy, diffused by researchers worldwide, has promoted the evaluation of the effectiveness of preventive interventions in OH
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Three dimensional imaging of cultural heritage through use of laser scanner technologies as a basis for getting to know cultural assets and bringing out their value
Full text linkThe evolution of information technology has permitted the rapid development and refinement of techniques for surveying solid objects, opening up interesting perspectives for use in various fields (industrial, medical, etc.). During recent years, laser scanners for surveying objects have been introduced, especially to satisfy certain industrial needs. This kind of equipment is able to survey millions of points in a few instants with satisfactory accuracy in various fields of application.
The speed with which data are acquired in the field of cultural assets permits the introduction of considerable saving in terms of both money and time on the market for getting to know and safeguarding cultural assets, while ensuring the quality of the results.
Research is based on applying terrestrial laser scanner techniques to the three-dimensional surveying of monuments, in order to establish a data bank which can be used according to the needs of various specialists.
The technique consists of acquiring metrical data and warped trim by means of a laser ray detection device. The scanning sensor, mounted on a motor powered base, works by recording all the visible architectural points (from the point of scanning) according to a pitch which can be set by the user. The result, in fact, is a cloud of three dimensional points which exactly reproduce the current state of the object being analysed, and allow for later solid modelling.
In the field of studies of safeguarding and preserving of cultural heritage, three dimensional images appear to be a very useful tool in view of their many expected applications.
They can be a tool for simulating working hypotheses which could justify technical, aesthetic and historical choices; both in the case of restoration work and in the case of studies by architecture historians and archaeologists.
They can be an immediate way to display information to a public which is not used to graphical representation of a monument. On the other hand, like plastic models, it is a fundamental teaching tool to highlight the quality of a job, to explain the theoretical principles and the construction techniques typical of a building, to teach its history; and more generally, as a support for history of architecture or to present tourist information at a high level.
They can be a “spectacular” tool, often associated with cinema and visual information media in order to show everything which has disappeared: the destroyed or radically restructured parts of a building, the archaeological reconstruction of a site, of a habitat, etc.
Finally, they can be a tool for memory, which can associate the shapes of the “synthetized” objects with immediately accessible and complex information: the materials, the dates, the state of preservation, restoration works
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
- …
