1,721,973 research outputs found
How far is too far? Exploring the perceptions of the professions on their current and future roles in emergency care
No full textBackground and aims: How far is too far? Recent government policy and demographic growth have led to role changes within the professions in emergency care. Healthcare professionals have extended and expanded their scopes of practice to include duties outside their traditional role boundary. Nurses in particular are able to see and treat patients more independently. These expanded roles mean there is growing overlap between professional roles and responsibilities and one wonders—how far is too far? Where should role expansion cease? The aim of this research was to explore the perceptions of the professions on their current and future roles in emergency care. Methods: A qualitative design, utilising semistructured interviews was employed. Eight respondents, including doctors and nurses of all grades, were purposefully sampled from an emergency department within a large UK teaching hospital. Results: Content analysis revealed five key themes: role boundaries; driving forces; managing risk; training and future professional roles. Conclusions: Of genuine concern to the respondents was the lack of standardisation within the expansion of healthcare roles. In terms of "how far is too far", the respondents believed that greater clarification of training and scope of practice is required, enabling clinical roles to develop more consistently. <br/
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Relationships between components of physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiac autonomic health, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor
No full textThe aim of this study was to examine the relationships between physical activity, cardiorespiratory fitness, cardiac autonomic health, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor concentrations in healthy men (n = 28) and women (n = 16). Cardiorespiratory fitness ([Vdot]O2max, litres · min-1) was estimated from heart rate and work rate using a 6-min cycle ergometer test, cardiac autonomic health was assessed from supine measures of heart rate variability using standard telemetry techniques, physical activity was assessed by questionnaire, and brain-derived neurotrophic factor by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA). There was no significant difference in cardiorespiratory fitness between men (3.75 ± 0.84 litres · min-1) and women (3.43 ± 0.72 litres · min-1) (P = 0.206). Similarly, there was no significant difference in Baecke scores (work, sport, and leisure) between men and women. Cardiorespiratory fitness was significantly correlated with seated heart rate (r = -0.445, P = 0.002, n = 44), the heart rate variability measure SD12 (index of cardiac autonomic health) (r = 0.462, P = 0.035, n = 21), and Baecke sport score (r = 0.536, P = 0.000, n = 43). Cardio autonomic health (SD12) was negatively associated with brain-derived neurotrophic factor concentration although this correlation did not attain statistical significance (r = -0.324, P = 0.152, n = 21). The results show that cardiorespiratory fitness was significantly correlated with the Baecke sport (rather than work or leisure) score and cardiac autonomic function (SD12). However, SD12 was not significantly associated with resting concentrations of serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor, a key regulator of energy metabolism and neural plasticity
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Learning from the past to inform the future: a survey of consultant nurses in emergency care
Full text linkThis paper reports the findings of a survey of UK consultant nurses in emergency care. The purpose of the survey was to elicit information regarding level of preparation for the consultant nurse role, the use of formal competency frameworks, current clinical scope of practice and perspectives on future preparation for the role. A semi-structured questionnaire was emailed to consultant nurses in emergency care. Respondents had an average of only 2 years in post and for 24% of respondents this was their second post as a consultant nurse. The survey identified that three quarters of the respondents had no specific preparation for the consultant nurse role. The remainder had varying levels of preparation ranging from brief induction to 6-month clinical training. It could be argued that this diversity of preparation is a reflection of the lack of clarity regarding the consultant nurse role and the ill-defined organisational frameworks within which some consultant nurse posts were established. With the exception of the expert practice domain and clinical leadership, the majority of respondents felt under prepared for one or more elements of the consultant nurse role. Clinically their scope of practice ranged from managing patients with minor illness or injury, to leading resuscitation teams. There was great inequity in the level of preparation for the role, particularly in the transformational leadership, education and training, and practice and service development domains. Strategies for addressing these deficiencies are identified
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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