1,721,349 research outputs found
Young people’s health: the equality lens
No full textThis report has been prepared by the WHO Regional Office for Europe to support the European Commission conference, Youth health initiative: be healthy, be yourself, held in Brussels, Belgium on 9 and 10 July 2009. The report offers a “snapshot” of the health of young people in Europe with data drawn from an extensive range of sources, but in particular the 2006 Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) survey report. The HBSC Survey covers health behaviours of 11-, 13- and 15-year-olds; data on 16-25-year-olds, who are the main focus of the European Commission Conference on Youth and Health, are more difficult to find. This snapshot report nevertheless presents valid and informative data on a wide range of health issues that are important to young people, including injuries and accidents, mental health, overweight and obesity, physical activity and sedentary behaviour, substance misuse and sexual health
Puberty and health
No full textThe Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC) study provides unique insight into the health and behavior of young people. The report on the 2001/2002 survey gives information about a much-neglected segment of society, but one that has the greatest potential to benefit from policies and health initiatives based on sound research and information. This HBSC international report is relevant to all people working for and with this age group, be they policy-makers, planners, educators, teachers, parents, care givers and of course, young people themselves. The survey was carried out over a wide geographical area - 35 countries and regions in the WHO European Region and North America - and covers the physical, emotional, and psychological aspects of health, and the influences of the family, schools, and peers. The quality and value of the information offered are high, so this international report should reach all key people who have an interest in or are responsible for promoting young people's health
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Changes in experiences and engagement of adolescent girls in Physical Education classes, during a school-based physical activity programme : a qualitative longitudinal study.
Full text linkThere is a growing body of literature investigating age-related
declines in physical activity (PA) participation among young people
and especially girls, who have lower rates of PA than boys
throughout the teenage years. Low PA is particularly apparent within
the context of the school physical education classes – termed here
as the Physical Education (PE) environment. My PhD thesis aims to
explore the reasons for some girls disengagement in PE classes.
Using a longitudinal qualitative approach the study tracks the
experiences of a sample of ‘disengaged girls’ from four case study
schools in Scotland taking part in a school-based physical activity
programme, Fit for Girls (FfG). My research investigates the impact
of the programme on their engagement through recording and
analysis of the changes that take place in their attitudes and
behaviour over the course of two years.
The study involved the design of a questionnaire to identify a cohort
of disengaged girls for baseline focus groups. Twelve focus groups
(n=41 girls) were carried out during 2008/09 (three in each case
study school) to capture girls’ opinions, perceptions and experiences
of PE classes. Twenty disengaged girls were then selected across
the four schools, based on their willingness to participate and self-disclose
PE experiences. The girls were recruited for three phases of
longitudinal in-depth interviews, over a one year period. The aim of
these was to track changes in girls’ engagement and experiences in
the PE environment. My theoretical framework is based on Welks
(1999) Youth Physical Activity Promotion model (YPAP), a socioecological
approach which divides the influential correlates of
physical activity into 1) individual-level predisposing factors, 2)
enabling factors, including personal attributes and environmental
variables and 3) reinforcing (social) factors.
The results indicate that individual predisposing factors, such as
perceptions of competence and identity in the PE class along with
the social context (peers and teachers) contribute to girls’
disengagement in PE. This suggests that aspects of the wider
psychosocial environment in which PE takes place may be more
important than the physical activity itself, impacting on levels of
participation and enjoyment. There were subtle, as well as clear
changes in engagement among many of the girls. However, for
others no change was evident. Individual girls’ experiences across
time or ‘journeys’ illustrate the importance of the relationships
between the individual, social and PE environment in facilitating and
sustaining positive change
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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