1,721,005 research outputs found
In Reply to the Letter to the Editor Regarding “A Limited Study on Brain Disease in Kit?b al-Tays?r (Liber Teisir) of Ibn Zuhr (Avenzoar)”
No full textSelf-initiated and externally-triggered sequential arm movements in dystonia
No full textWe studied the execution of self-initiated (SI) and externally-triggered (ET) rapid sequential arm movements in normal subjects (n = 7) and patients with generalised dystonia (n = 8) involving the upper limbs. We obtained 3Dkinematic measurements by the ELITE- system (BTS). Reaction time (RT) and movement time (MT) for each submovement of the sequences were recorded and statistically analysed (ANOVA, p<0.01). Subjects performed S-step zig-zag sequences signalled by 6 visual targets (empty squares) on a screen. In the ET-condition subjects moved in response to the consecutive filling of each squared target. In the Si-condition subjects moved on their own decision along previously filled targets. We also analyzed RT and MT for a single movement identical to the first submovement of the sequence. Compared with controls, during the ET-condition patients showed similar RT for single and slower RT for sequential movements. RT did not change-with sequence progression in neither group. Patients also show longer MTs than controls during both kind of movements and conditions. Patients executed SI- and ET-sequences at similar speed, whereas controls moved significantly faster during SI- than ET-condition. These results suggest that bradykinesia in generalised dystonic patients do not rely on the modality of movement execution
Harnessing Generativ e Artificial Intelligence for Exercise and Training Prescription: Applications and Implications in Sports and Physical Activity—A Systematic Literature Review
No full textRegular physical activity plays a critical role in health promotion and athletic performance, necessitating personalized exercise and training prescriptions. While traditional methods rely on expert assessments, artificial intelligence (AI), particularly generative AI models such as ChatGPT and Google Gemini, has emerged as a potential tool for enhancing personalization and scalability in training recommendations. However, the applicability, reliability, and adaptability of AI-generated exercise prescriptions remain underexplored. A comprehensive search was performed using the UnoPerTutto metadatabase, identifying 2891 records. After duplicate removal (1619 records) and screening, 61 full-text reports were assessed for eligibility, resulting in the inclusion of 10 studies. The studies varied in methodology, including qualitative assessments, mixed-methods approaches, quasi-experimental designs, and a randomized controlled trial (RCT). AI models such as ChatGPT-4, ChatGPT-3.5, and Google Gemini were evaluated across different contexts, including strength training, rehabilitation, cardiovascular exercise, and general fitness programs. Findings indicate that generative AI-generated training programs generally adhere to established exercise guidelines but often lack specificity, progression, and adaptability to real-time physiological feedback. AI-generated recommendations were found to emphasize safety and broad applicability, making them useful for general fitness guidance but less effective for high-performance training. GPT-4 demonstrated superior performance in generating structured resistance training programs compared to older AI models, yet limitations in individualization and contextual adaptation persisted. A critical appraisal using the METRICS checklist revealed inconsistencies in study quality, particularly regarding prompt specificity, model transparency, and evaluation frameworks. While generative AI holds promise for democratizing access to structured exercise prescriptions, its role remains complementary rather than substitutive to expert guidance. Future research should prioritize real-time adaptability, integration with physiological monitoring, and improved AI-human collaboration to enhance the precision and effectiveness of AI-driven exercise recommendations
Letter to the Editor Regarding “Did Ibn Zuhr (Avenzoar)Postulate Before Vesalius That Liquid Collects in Ventricles in the Hydrocephalus?”
No full textThe central cord syndrome in patients with cervical spinal cord tumorsA XIX century vignette from (Karl) Julius Vogel (1814-1880)
No full textBetween 1830 and 1850, (Karl) Julius Vogel was one of the most important German pathologists. He received his doctorate in medicine in 1838 from the University of Munich and habilitation in pathology in 1840. In 1846, he moved to the University of Giessen as a full professor of pathology. From 1855, he taught special pathology and therapy at the University of Halle and became director of the internal clinic. Vogel and Heinrich Adolph Karl Dittmar were the first clinicians to describe the symptoms and pathological findings of central cord syndrome in a cervical spine tumor
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
