1,720,963 research outputs found
Inhibition of self-replication of protein fibrils
Get PDFProteinski fibrili nastanejo z agregacijo delno zvitih proteinov in so odgovorni ali pomembno vplivajo na mnogo hudih človeških bolezni, kot sta Alzeimerjeva ali diabetes tipa II. Samo-replikacija fibrilov je proces, v katerem obstoječi proteinski fibrili katalizirajo nastanek novih fibrilov na način, da ponudijo vezavno površino, kjer se proteini lažje srečajo in agregirajo. To prispeva k naglem in eksponentnem napredovanju bolezni. V magistrski nalogi predstavimo Monte Carlo simulacije računalniškega modela agregacije, v katerega vpeljemo inhibitorje. To so delci, ki se lahko vežejo na površino fibrilov in tako inhibirajo oziroma upočasnijo proces samo-replikacije. Takšen način inhibicije se izkaže za zelo učinkovit, ampak zaradi odbojne interakcije med delci naletimo tudi na pojav makromolekularnega gnečenja, ki povzroči, da se pri določeni pokritosti površine s proteini hitrost samo-replikacije poveča. Edinstven deskriptor hitrosti replikacije najdemo v povprečni velikosti skupka na površino vezanih proteinov, ki nosi informacijo o celotni porazdelitvi agregacijskih skupkov. Predstavimo teorije, ki uspešno razložijo vse značilnosti opažanega obnašanja. S pomočjo mrežnega modela napovemo, katere interakcije med delci na površini imajo največji inhibicijski potencial.Protein fibrils are formed by a process called amyloid aggregation and are implicated in many debilitating human diseases such as Alzheimer\u27s or Type II Diabetes.
Self-replication of fibrils is a process by which existing protein fibrils catalyse the formation of new fibrils by offering a surface on which proteins can bind, and therefore facilitate aggregation.
This leads to exponential growth of fibril mass and fast propagation of amyloid diseases.
In this thesis, we present simulations of a minimal but fairly complex computational model of aggregation with added inhibitory particles that can bind to the fibril surface.
It turns out the mechanism of inhibition where inhibitors compete with proteins for the surface is very promising. However, we also find a manifestation of a macromolecular crowding effect which actually promotes self-replication at given protein coverage of the fibril surface. We find a unique descriptor for the rate of replication in the average protein aggregate size. We present theories that successfully explain all characteristics of observed simulation behaviour. By employing a lattice model, we predict which inter-particle interactions on the fibril surface have the largest inhibitory potential
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
aggregation_data
No full textThis data repository underpins the paper, published in PNAS (doi pending) and bioarxiv (doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.07.05.547777)
aggregation_data
No full textThis data repository underpins the paper, published in PNAS (doi pending) and bioarxiv (doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.07.05.547777)
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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