1,720,954 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Precautionary principle and nanotechnology applications
No full textGli obiettivi principali di questa ricerca sono da ravvisare nell'esigenza di analizzare il valore giuridico ed il ruolo del principio di precauzione, non solo nel contesto normativo ambientale nazionale e comunitario, ma anche nel progressivo cambiamento dei rapporti tra diritto e scienza.
Per questo motivo quindi, si è scelto di dare il giusto rilievo anche agli sviluppi critici che hanno interessato l'approccio precauzionale nel diritto statunitense ed internazionale, cercando infine di valorizzare l'importanza di questo prezioso strumento normativo, nel disciplinare e guidare un settore chiave della ricerca e dello sviluppo economico e sociale, nella moderna Società del Rischio: quello delle Nanotecnologie .
Nel corso della sua problematica evoluzione, il principio di precauzione si è prestato a molteplici interpretazioni, e tuttora la sua applicazione continua a dare luogo ad interminabili dispute in conseguenza della sua potenziale ambiguità: tuttavia l’applicazione del metodo precauzionale non deve essere intesa come un limite, ma piuttosto come uno stimolo alle attività di ricerca scientifica, al fine di ridurre considerevolmente la condizione di rischio, e quindi di fare chiarezza scientifica in quelle ipotesi connotate da forte incertezza, rendendo al contempo più sicure le applicazioni industriali.
Per evitare quindi che il principio di precauzione rimanga una semplice dichiarazione di intenti, oppure venga interpretato esclusivamente secondo l’impostazione estrema del perseguimento del rischio zero, la ricerca si sofferma sull'individuazione di tutti quegli strumenti procedurali che ne consentono una applicazione realmente bilanciata, equilibrata e ragionevole nelle situazioni di incertezza scientifica: alla costante ricerca di un punto di equilibrio tra interessi economici, di tutela dell'ambiente e della salute.
La ricerca infine, pone una certa attenzione anche alle nuove e diverse forme di decisione in grado di favorire il confronto ed il dialogo tra tutti gli interlocutori coinvolti nelle decisioni precauzionali: autorità decisionali, esperti scientifici, opinione pubblica informata, ed operatori economici. La richiesta dei cittadini di essere preventivamente informati e di partecipare alle decisioni che riguardano lo sviluppo tecnico-scientifico, si pone infatti perfettamente in linea con l’esigenza di individuare una comune convergenza di volontà e di azioni.The main objectives of this research are to be found in the need to analyze the legal status and role of the precautionary principle, not only in the context of national environmental regulation and community, but also the gradual change in the relationship between law and science.
For this reason, therefore, it was decided to also give due importance to the critical developments that have affected the precautionary approach in U.S. law and international, seeking finally to build the importance of this valuable legal instrument, in regulating and guiding a key area research and economic and social development in the modern risk society: that of nanotechnology.
During his critical developments, the precautionary principle is open to different interpretations, and
still its application continues to give rise to endless disputes as a result of its potential ambiguity: however, the application of the precautionary approach should not be construed to limit, but rather as a stimulus to scientific research in order to significantly reduce the risk condition, and thus to clarify the scientific hypothesis connoted by high uncertainty, making it both more secure industrial applications.
To avoid so that the principle of precautionary remain a mere declaration of intent, or is interpreted exclusively according to the setting of extreme pursuit of zero risk, the research focuses on the identification of all these procedural tools that enable its applications really balanced and reasonable in situations of scientific uncertainty: in the constant search for a balance between economic interests, environmental protection and health.
The research finally put some attention to new and different forms of decision that can foster dialogue among all stakeholders involved in precautionary decisions: decision-making authorities, scientists, opinion informed public and economic operators.
The demand of citizens to be informed in advance and to participate in decisions concerning the scientific and technological development, there is in fact perfectly in line with the need to identify a common convergence of will and action.Dottorato di ricerca in Diritto Pubblico dell'Economia e dell'Ambiente (XXII ciclo
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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