1,721,024 research outputs found
Management and use of filter masks in the “none-medical” population during the Covid-19 period
No full textSARS-CoV-2 has become a pandemic disease declared by the World Health Organization, consequently each nation has taken a series of actions managed by the government in order to prevent the spread of this dangerous virus. The most common countermeasure is the use of a mask that should cover the mouth and nose to filter the inhaled and exhaled air. Those masks are medical devices that should be handled properly; unfortunately in our study, observation of the population during the so-called “phase 2′′ has very often shown an inappropriate use of any type of mask which reduces its effectiveness. The correct dissemination of adequate information on how to use the mask and the strict control by the government not only on staying on the street wearing masks but above all on how they should be worn, could have further reduced the spread of Covid-19
OSTEORADIONECROSIS OF THE JAW AFTER HEAD/NECK RADIOTHERAPY: CAUSES AND MANAGEMENT
No full textRadiation therapy in combination with surgery and chemotherapy is the most common oncologic treatment for head and neck tumors. This combination of different therapies rappresents a successful treatment, however there are adverse side effects, the most severe and serious is the osteroradionecrosis (ORN). The primary treatment for ORN is to prevent its occurrence thus the best preventive procedure is to insert all patients in to a pre-cancer treatment dental protocol
Leakage in root canal system during and after treatment: A review
No full textDuring and after a canal treatment any ingress of germs in the pulp space should be avoid because they are responsible for pulpal and periradicular diseases. Often this treatment is performed in more than one visit and amongst those visits a temporary restoration should impede the re-infection. Initially a pre-treatment (build-up) is required in order to prevent fluid leakage and allow a better isolation by rubber dam and a stabilised clamp. Several restorative materials are on the market and a correct choice is crucial to avoid failure considering several factors such as canal dressing medication, number of day between visits, extension of restoration, occlusal load, presence of parafunctions etc. In filled root canals bacteria are able to colonize even small gaps between the canal walls and the gutta-percha. When the root canal treatment is concluded by the final restoration the risk of leakage is not eliminated in fact a new caries, a loss of adhesion, a crown or root fracture might occur. Even dough the final post endodontic restoration is the last step performed to prevent a coronal leakage this unwanted phenomena unfortunately can append any time and from the initial steps during a root canal treatment. Just a standardized follow up can discover those dangerous conditions which may lead to a silent periradicular disease
Irrigants in endodontics: A review
No full textAim. The purpose of this paper was to review different endodontic irrigants use in endodontics. Background. Many areas inside the canals are inaccessible to mechanical instrumentation, the presence of lateral and accessory canals makes root canal preparation even more difficult. The complete smear layer removal from the root canals depends consequently on both the irrigant solutions and the instrumentation phase. Review consults. Irrigants play a very important role in disinfecting the root canals thus the use of specific solutions has been performed in conjunction with mechanical instrumentation for many years. Combination of several irrigants can increase the capability to penetrate inside the tubules improving the final effect against resistant germs like Enterococcus faecalis that plays an important role in the failure of root canal treatment. Conclusion. The ideal irrigant solution should be microbiocidal, dissolve organic tissues and provide a mechanical flushing action without damaging the periradicular tissues in case of extrusion into the periodontium. Clinical significance. Future research on irrigants needs to focus on finding a single unique solutions that should have all those properties
Alternative Methods of Sterilization in Dental Practices Against COVID-19
Full text linkSARS-CoV-2, and several other microorganisms, may be present in nasopharyngeal and salivary secretions in patients treated in dental practices, so an appropriate clinical behavior is required in order to avoid the dangerous spread of infections. COVID-19 could also be spread when patients touches a contaminated surface with infected droplets and then touch their nose, mouth, or eyes. It is time to consider a dental practice quite similar to a hospital surgery room, where particular attention should be addressed to problems related to the spreading of infections due to air and surface contamination. The effectiveness of conventional cleaning and disinfection procedures may be limited by several factors; first of all, human operator dependence seems to be the weak aspect of all procedures. The improvement of these conventional methods requires the modification of human behavior, which is difficult to achieve and sustain. As alternative sterilization methods, there are some that do not depend on the operator, because they are based on devices that perform the entire procedure on their own, with minimal human intervention. In conclusion, continued efforts to improve the traditional manual disinfection of surfaces are needed, so dentists should consider combining the use of proper disinfectants and no-touch decontamination technologies to improve sterilization procedures
An Experimental Method to Add New Prosthetic Teeth in the Removable Partial Denture Framework: TIG Cold Welding and Preformed Pins
Full text linkThe need to modify removable partial dentures equipped with a metal framework in order to add other prosthetic teeth to replace natural teeth lost by the patient could lead to laboratory procedures so complex as to require the creation of new prostheses with a heavy economic burden. The creation of preformed metal pins to be welded using the economical TIG cold welding method could represent a valid alternative solution with the aim of modifying the prostheses using a rein-forced resin capable of adequately resisting masticatory loads. This study evaluates and compares the mechanical robustness and the clinical reliability of these modified prostheses in cases of junctions of one or two contiguous prosthetic teeth. The 6-month follow-up demonstrated the total validity of the method via the absence of significant breakages or detachments in all of the patients analyzed; on the other hand, the prostheses modified using the traditional method and used as controls showed a high incidence of fractures
In vivo comparison of working length determination with two electronic apex locators: Root-ZX and Dentaport Root-ZX.
No full textFilter Masks during the Second Phase of SARS-CoV-2: Study on Population
Full text linkDuring the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, the most common countermeasure are the use of masks, which are supposed to filter inhaled and exhaled air to reduce the spread of the virus. The masks, which are medical devices, must be used by providing appropriate instructions for correct use. This study, which examined the population during the advanced stage of the pandemic, highlighted a substantial improvement in the management and choice of masks, even though the information disseminated to the population probably should be even more detailed and precise in order to avoid incorrect behavior that could compromise the effectiveness of these devices; in fact a high percentage of subjects had behaviors that can facilitate the spread of the virus, such as the continuous attempts to correct the incorrect positioning of the mask on the face or the need to move it because it is annoying
Current Dental Adhesives Systems. A Narrative Review.
No full textAdhesive dentistry is based on the development of materials which establish an effective bond with the tooth tissues. In this context, adhesive systems have attracted considerable research interest in recent years. Successful adhesive bonding depends on the chemistry of the adhesive, on appropriate clinical handling of the material as well as on the knowledge of the morphological changes caused on dental tissue by different bonding procedures. This paper outlines the status of contemporary adhesive systems, with particular emphasis on chemical characteristics and mode of interaction of the adhesives with enamel and dentinal tissues. Dental adhesives are used for several clinical applications and they can be classified based on the clinical regimen in "etch-and-rinse adhesives" and "self-etch adhesives". Other important considerations concern the different anatomical characteristics of enamel and dentine which are involved in the bonding procedures that have also implications for the technique used as well as for the quality of the bond. Etch-and-rinse adhesive systems generally perform better on enamel than self-etching systems which may be more suitable for bonding to dentine. In order to avoid a possible loss of the restoration, secondary caries or pulp damage due to bacteria penetration or due to cytotoxicity effects of eluted adhesive components, careful consideration of several factors is essential in selecting the suitable bonding procedure and adhesive system for the individual patient situation
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