1,721,162 research outputs found
A catalytic process based on sequential ortho-alkylation and vinylation of ortho-alkylaryl iodides via palladacycles
No full textSignal overlap for elastic optical networks
Full text linkIn Elastic Optical Networks, advanced transmission techniques based on coherent detection strategies have been proposed and exploited to provide high flexibility in resource allocation. So far, these techniques have assumed the constraint of each optical signal being transmitted along a dedicated frequency slot, by carefully avoiding frequency overlap with other optical signals. In this study, an overlap technique, that enables uncorrelated optical signals to be superimposed along the same spectrum resources, is designed and validated through simulations, both in terms of performance bounds and bit-error rate in coded transmissions. In particular, it is demonstrated how this technique allows each overlapped signal to be correctly received and detected. The proposed technique is less spectrally efficient and more complex to implement than increasing the constellation size and using non overlapping frequency slots, but it warrants consideration for flexible networking. The proposed technique is first theoretically detailed and justified. Then, networking scenarios and implementation schemes suitable for its effective utilization are identified and applied in the case of two overlapped 112 Gb/s polarization-multiplexed quadrature phase shift keying signals. Simulation results show that, applying 3-dB optical signal-to-noise ratio margin on the achieved bounds, optical reaches of around 800 km can be successfully supported by the proposed overlap technique
Magnetocaloric characterization of materials
No full textThe magnetocaloric effect manifests itself as a change in temperature of a magnetic material following the variation of an applied magnetic field. This effect constitutes the basis for the development of important applications such as magnetic refrigeration and, in general, thermomagnetic energy conversion technologies. Accurate and reliable characterization of the magnetocaloric effect is crucial for identifying and selecting the most promising materials and for realistic design of refrigerant machines. This chapter provides a comprehensive and critical review of the methods and experimental setups developed for measuring the magnetocaloric effect. It offers an in-depth discussion and analysis of both indirect magnetometric and calorimetric methods and direct methods, along with detailed descriptions of the experimental setups adopted. Each technique is examined to highlight its primary advantages and potential issues, providing a practical guide for obtaining accurate magnetocaloric characterizations of materials. The chapter also addresses the measurement of the effect across first-order transitions, emphasizing the importance of proper measurement protocols. Special conditions, such as rapid field changes or low-mass samples, are considered carefully, as they can provide new insights into material properties or simulate real application conditions. Additionally, some recent advanced experimental techniques are presented, which are capable of simultaneously measuring different physical properties of materials or coupled multicaloric effects
P4-based multi-layer traffic engineering encompassing cyber security
No full textThe design and experimental validation of effective P4-based solutions for dynamic optical bypass, traffic offload and cyber security without involving SDN controller are proposed. P4 switch latency scalability versus installed flow entry size is demonstrated
On the direct measurement of the adiabatic temperature change of magnetocaloric materials
Full text linkThe direct measurement of the adiabatic temperature change of magnetocaloric materials is
fundamental to design efficient and eco-friendly magneto cooling devices. This work reports an
overview of the measurement principle and of the main experimental issues that have to be
considered to obtain a reliable characterization of materials. The effect of non-ideal adiabatic
conditions, the role of the temperature sensor and the influence of specific properties of the
material are discussed on the basis of finite-difference thermal simulations and special designed
experiments. Two cases are considered in detail: the characterization of thin samples and the
measurement of caloric response to fast field changes. Finally, the impact of different
measurement protocols is discussed in the case of materials with first-order transitions
New pathways of site selective aromatic alkylation of palladium complexes: fragmentation to arenes vs ring closure to hexahydromethano-fluorenes or -phenanthrenes
No full textA new and efficient palladium-catalysed synthesis of 2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-1H-2,4-benzodiazepine-1,3-dione derivative
No full textP4 In-Band Telemetry (INT) for Latency-Aware VNF in Metro Networks
No full textA first demonstration of P4-based virtual network function (VNF) for latency-critical services is presented. The VNF exploits P4 In-band telemetry to dynamically enforce per-packet QoS priority according to cumulated latency performance
Telemetry Solutions in Disaggregated Optical Networks: An Experimental View
No full textEffective telemetry streaming for disaggregated whitebox is discussed, focusing on implementation issues. A novel gRPC peer-to-peer telemetry for next-generation AI-equipped xPonders is proposed and evaluated in a disaggregated testbed exploiting OpenConfig and OpenROADM models
Enhancing 5G SDN/NFV Edge with P4 Data Plane Programmability
No full textThe 5G network revolution will be enabled by deep integration of Software Defined Networking (SDN) and Network Function Virtualization (NFV) to support multi-tenancy, per-user and per-application quality of service and experience. However, full softwarization and current SDN platforms may not be able to sustain the complexity and the heterogeneity of different requirements, for example, strict latency, jitter, high precision traffic and advanced monitoring. For such services, SDN/NFV needs to be boosted not only considering orchestration and control plane, but also data plane programmability. In this article, the potential of the P4 language is illustrated with the aim to show its disruptive novel functionalities at the data plane level currently not available in a SDN/NFV network, opening the way to new orchestration frameworks and enabling a novel autonomic and flexible network at the edge. Use cases, assessments and softwarized performance results are proposed and discussed in the edge and IoT scenario, targeting advanced traffic engineering, cyber security, multi-tenancy, 5G offloading, and telemetry, to demonstrate the feasibility of such an approach
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