1,721,059 research outputs found
Results of the blastp searches
No full text1A. Results of the blastp search for the secretion systems components. 1B. Results of the blastp search for the type III effectors. 1C. Results of the blastp search for the Sec and Tat pathways components.
(XLSX)Peer reviewe
Unraveling the genomic complexity of secretion systems in the most virulent Xanthomonas arboricola pathovars.
No full textXanthomonas arboricola pathovars pruni (Xap), juglandis (Xaj), and corylina (Xac) are phytopathogenic bacteria that infect Prunus spp., walnut, and hazelnut trees, respectively. In this study, the understanding of the differences among these pathovars was improved with the aim of elucidating their host range and uncovering distinct virulence mechanisms. A comparative genomic analysis was conducted focusing on secretion system clusters across high-quality genomes from two strains of each pathovar. The results revealed that the RaxABC type I secretion system was absent in all analyzed strains. However, the HlyDB type I secretion system was present in both Xap and Xac, with a putative HlyDB effector identified in each Xac strain. Additionally, Xap strains contained a putative PctAB type I secretion system, while only one of the Xac harbored a putative PctAB. Notably, the genomic region surrounding pctA and pctB lacked pctP, suggesting the presence of a novel type I secretion system rather than the canonical PctAB. In contrast, Xaj lacked all the studied type I secretion systems. While the core components of type II and type III secretion systems were highly conserved across strains, significant variation was observed in their substrates. Interestingly, only Xap carried two pathovar-specific type III effectors. Regarding type V secretion systems, complete homologs of EstA, YapH, and XadA were found in all strains, except for one Xac strain, which contained a frameshifted YapH. Additionally, homologs of the XacFhaB/XacFhaC system were found in both Xap strains. However, both Xaj strains and one Xac strain carried an incomplete XacFhaB subunit, while the other Xac strain lacked this system entirely. Finally, analysis of the genomic regions surrounding these secretion system clusters strongly suggests that horizontal gene transfer has played a crucial role in their acquisition, likely contributing to the diversification, emergence and specialization of distinct X. arboricola pathovars
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Updated pest survey card on 'Candidatus Liberibacter' spp. associated with huanglongbing and their vectors, Trioza erytreae and Diaphorina citri
No full text59 Pág.This document is an update of the pest survey card on huanglongbing (HLB) and its vectors that was prepared in the context of the EFSA mandate on plant pest surveillance (M-2017-0137) at the request of the European Commission. Its purpose is to guide the Member States in preparing data and information to survey 'Candidatus Liberibacter' spp. associated with huanglongbing and their vectors, Trioza erytreae and Diaphorina citri. These are required to design statistically sound and risk-based pest surveys, in line with current international
standards. HLB is a citrus disease caused by the bacterial pathogens 'Candidatus Liberibacter africanus', 'Candidatus Liberibacter americanus' and 'Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus', which are Union quarantine pests and listed as priority pests. The bacteria are transmitted by the vectors D. citri and T. erytreae; regulated as Union quarantine pests. While the bacteria are not known to occur in the EU, T. erytreae has a restricted distribution in Portugal and Spain, and D. citri in Cyprus. Citrus plants, commercially grown throughout the Mediterranean, are the primary hosts for these pests. Detection surveys for HLB and its vectors should focus on all commercially cultivated and ornamental citrus hosts and their hybrids. Delimiting surveys should consider all hosts of both the bacteria and the vectors. The climate suitability and presence of citrus-growing areas in some parts of the EU could allow the establishment of the bacteria and their vectors. Host plants can be visually examined for the vectors’ presence and symptoms (caused by both bacteria and vectors), in combination with vector trapping. Yellow sticky traps can be used in areas where the vector is not known to occur, while stem tap sampling/sweeping nets should be used if vectors are present. Collected vectors can be
identified under the microscope or by DNA barcoding. Symptomatic and asymptomatic plant material as well as live vectors (if present), should be collected for identification of the bacteria by molecular methodsEFSA wishes to thank the following for the support provided to this scientific output: Gritta Schrader of the Julius Kuehn Institute (JKI), in Germany, in the context of grant GP/EFSA/ALPHA/2017/02, the working group member Stephen Parnell and EFSA staff Sybren Vos for the preparation, Dr Jaime Cubero for the review, and EFSA trainees Melanie Camilleri and Makrina Diakaki for finalisation and publication of the first version of the survey card on huanglongbing and its vectors (EFSA-Q-2018-00351). EFSA wishes to thank Maria Chiara Rosace for the preparation of the first update of the survey card and the story map preparation (EFSA-Q-2020-00303) in the context of EFSA procurement PO/EFSA/ALPHA/2020/05. EFSA also wishes to thank Alicia Culot and Melanie Camilleri for revising and completing this update (Version 2) of the pest survey card on Candidatus Liberibacter' spp. associated with huanglongbing and their vectors, Trioza erytreae and Diaphorina citri (EFSA-Q-2024-00289; EFSA-Q-2024-00290; EFSA-Q-2024-00095), Dr Jaime Cubero and Dr Josep Anton Jaques Miret for the review, as well as Alicia Culot for its finalisation and publication.Peer reviewe
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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