1,721,027 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The effect of the application of the vinasse on the soil and the ground water
No full textA vinhaça, efluente resultante da destilação de vinhos na produção de álcool, já bem cedo foi vista como um problema à manutenção da qualidade dos recursos hídricos, por sua ação redutora, características ácidas e corrosivas. Com a expansão da indústria alcooleira no Brasil, este problema teve sua importância aumentada a ponto da legislação vigente proibir o seu lançamento em corpos d\'água. A disposição da vinhaça no solo é tecnicamente a forma de descarte recomendada, uma vez que tem valor como fertilizante. O efeito deste efluente sobre o solo e água subterrânea foi estudado neste trabalho, em condições de campo e de laboratório. Coletas de solo e solução do solo foram feitas em três profundidades (25, 75 e 150 cm), águas superficiais e águas subterrâneas também foram amostradas na área de cultivo de cana-de-açúcar e as condições de campo simuladas em laboratório. Observou-se melhorias na fertilidade do solo e manutenção da qualidade das águas superficiais e subterrâneas, uma vez que os teores de nutrientes encontrados nestas águas permanecem abaixo dos valores máximos permissíveis por lei, embora algum aumento tenha sido observado em função da aplicação de vinhaça, neste caso aplicada por aspersão na dosagem média de 300 m3 / ha ano.The vinasse, effluent that resulte from the distillation of wines in the production of alcohol, was early seen as a problem to the maintenance of the quality of the water resources because of its reductive action, acid and corrosive characteristics. With the expansion of the industry of alcohol in Brazil, this problem had its importance increased point of the present legislation prohibiting its up to disposal the in streams and rivers. The application of the vinasse on the soil is technically the recommended form of discharging since it is worth as a fertilizer. The effect of this effluent on the soil and ground water was studied in this work in conditions of field and laboratory. Samples and solution of the soil were collected at three depths (25, 75 and 150 cm) and superficial and ground water samples were also collected in the area of sugar cane cultivations and the field conditions were simulated in laboratory. Improvements in the fertility of the soil and maintenance of the quality of both superficial and ground waters were observed once the nutrient contenta found in these waters stood under the maximum values permissible by the law, although some augmentation has been observed due to the application of the vinasse, in this case applied by aspersion 3 in an average dosage of 300 m³/ha year
Vermiculite residual effects on soil hydraulic properties
No full textA vermiculita ê encontrada como mineral primário concentrada em grandes reservas ou minas. Quando submetida a temperaturas da ordem de 700 a 800°C, sofre expansão, aumentando seu volume de 20 a 30 vezes, daí a denominação de vermiculita expandida. Nesta forma, já vem sendo utilizada na agricultura há algum tempo, sendo que seu primeiro uso agrícola foi como meio de germinação de sementes. Com o objetivo de estudar o efeito residual da vermiculita expandida nas propriedades do solo, foi instalado, no campo, um experimento no qual este material, com cinco diferentes tipos de granulometria, foi incorporado a três tipos de solo, a uma concentração de 30% a base de volume. Estes diferentes tratamentos de solo + vermiculita permaneceram no campo, sob ação das intempéries; a vegetação natural foi controlada com uso de herbicidas e capinas manuais. Análises de retenção de água, a tensões de 0 a 1,5 Mpa, e de condutividade hidráulica, em condição saturada, foram feitas em diferentes épocas: a condutividade hidráulica aos 0, 2, 6 e 18 meses após a incorporação da vermiculita, enquanto que as análises de retenção no início e no fim do experimento (0 e 18 meses após a incorporação de vermiculita, respectivamente). Com base nos resultados, pôde-se concluir que o efeito da vermiculita foi bastante reduzido no decorrer do experimento, isto é, a vermiculita perdeu seu efeito de reter água com o tempo. Além disso, a vermiculita teve pouco efeito na condutividade hidráulica saturada. Finalmente, as diferentes granulometrias de vermiculita tiveram pouco influência nos resultados, nas condições deste experimento.The vermiculite is found, as primary mineral, concentrated in great reserves and mines. When submited at temperatures around 700 - 800°C, it is expanded and its volume increases from 20 to 30 times, hence the denomination expanded vermiculite. In this forro, it has already been used in agriculture for some time, therefore its first agriculture use was for seeds germination. With the objective to study the residual effect of expanded vermiculite on soil hydraulic properties, an experiment was installed in the field, in which vermiculite with five different grain sizes was incorporated in three types of soil, in a concentration of 30% in volume. These different soil and soil + vermiculite treatments stayed in the field under the prevailing conditions, the natural vegetation being controlled with herbicide. Soil water retention and saturated hydraulic conductivity analyses were made at 0, 2, 6 and 18 months after the vermiculite incorporation. According to the results, it could be concluded that, the vermiculite property in retaining water disappear 18 months after its incorporation in the soil. Besides, the vermiculité had little effect on the saturated hydraulic conductivity. Finally, the difference in grain size had little influence on results under the conditions of this experiment
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Injeção de ar atmosférico e fertirrigação nitrogenada em um sistema de irrigação subsuperficial, no cultivo do rabanete
No full textpresente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desenvolvimento e a produtividade da cultura do rabanete, submetido às diversas concentrações de nitrogênio na água de irrigação e a injeção ou não de ar atmosférico na tubulação de irrigação, em várias épocas do ano. O experimento foi conduzido no Departamento de Engenharia Rural da Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, pertencente à Universidade Estadual Paulista – UNESP, Campus de Botucatu, Estado de São Paulo, sendo realizado em quatros ciclos de cultivo, a saber: durante a época da primavera (de 26/09/2011 a 31/10/2011), do verão (de 24/01/2012 a 28/02/2012), do outono (de 02/04/2012 a 07/05/2012), do inverno (de 22/07/2012 a 28/08/2012). O delineamento experimental foi realizado em blocos ao acaso com os tratamentos distribuídos em esquema fatorial 2 x 5, com 8 repetições. Os tratamentos consistiram na injeção ou não de ar no sistema de irrigação e de cinco doses de nitrogênio (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% e 100% da recomendação de N para a cultura). As avaliações foram realizadas aos 14, 21, 2 28 e 35 dias após a semeadura (DAS). Os parâmetros morfológicos avaliados durante desenvolvimento das plantas foram: número de folhas (folhas.planta-1), altura da parte aérea (cm), clorofila (μg.cm-2), diâmetros horizontal raiz e vertical raiz (mm), massa verde parte aérea, raiz e total (g), massa seca da parte aérea, raiz e total (g), raízes isoporizadas e rachadas. Os resultados foram submetidos à análise de variância pelo teste F. As médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Scott-Knott a 5% de probabilidade para ar atmosférico e estação, e regressão a 5% de probabilidade para doses de nitrogênio e época de avaliação. Concluiu-se que a produção de raízes de rabanete, foi fortemente influenciada pela época de produção da cultura, obtendo melhores raízes comerciais (menores raízes rachadas e isoporizadas)...This aim of this work was to evaluate the development and productivity of radish cultures submitted to various concentrations of nitrogen in the irrigation water and injection or not of atmospheric air in the irrigation tubing, in various times of the year. The experiment was conducted in the Department of Rural Engineering at the Collage of Agronomic Sciences, pertaining to the Paulista State University - UNESP, Botucatu Campus, São Paulo state, performed in four cultivation cycles, namely: during the spring time (from 09/26/2011 to 10/31/2011), summer (from 01/24/2012 to 02/28/2012), autumn (from 04/02/2012 to05/07/2012), and winter (from 07/22/2012 to 08/28/2012). The experimental delineation was performed in blocks at random with the treatments arranged in a 2 x5 factorial scheme with 8 repetitions. The treatments consisted of the injection or not of air in the irrigation system and of five doses of nitrogen (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% of the N recommendation for a culture). The evaluations were performed 14, 21, 28 and 35 days after the seeding (DAS). The morphological parameters of plant development evaluated were: number of leaves (plant leaves-1, height above ground (cm), chlorophyll (μg.cm-2), horizontal root and vertical root diameter (mm), green mass above ground, roots and total (g), dry mass of the part above ground, the root and the total (g), dried out and broken roots. The results were submitted to analysis of the variance by the F test. The averages were compared by the Scott-Knott test to 5% of the probability for atmospheric air and season, and a 5% probability regression for nitrogen doses and the time of evaluation. It was concluded that the root radish production, strongly by the production time of the culture, obtained better commercial roots (fewer broken and dried out roots) in the winter and spring seasons. The summer had the best development in the radish ..
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