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Neoplasia oculta : revisão da literatura e análise de pequena série de quatro casos clínicos
No full textTrabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2018Introdução: Neoplasia oculta ou neoplasia de localização primária não identificada engloba um grupo heterogéneo de situações clínicas definidas pela presença de metástases de crescimento agressivo sem tumor primário definido após uma investigação completa e exaustiva, ou pela presença de manifestações sistémicas relacionadas com a presença de síndromes paraneoplásicos, constituindo 3 a 5% de todos os diagnósticos de neoplasia. A neoplasia oculta é a terceira/quarta causa de morte por neoplasia, apresentando na maioria dos casos (80 a 85%) prognóstico desfavorável, com sobrevida média de 6 a 10 meses. A terapêutica da neoplasia oculta deve ser ponderada a nível individual, de acordo com as bases clinico-patológicas e subgrupo de prognóstico em que o doente se insere. Casos Clínicos: Neste trabalho apresentam-se quatro casos clínicos de doentes internados no serviço de Medicina 1C do Hospital de Santa Maria que constituem exemplos ilustrativos de neoplasia oculta, nomeadamente na gravidade da forma de apresentação, progressão rápida e dificuldade de estabelecer diagnóstico histológico. Conclusão: Nos casos apresentados evidenciou-se o rápido carácter evolutivo de mau prognóstico da neoplasia oculta, culminando invariavelmente em morte. Apesar de nos casos em questão se considerar o diagnóstico de neoplasia oculta pela apresentação de metástases sem tumor primário definido, os exames que seriam necessários para a obtenção de diagnóstico final não foram realizados por rápida evolução da doença, tendo a abordagem diagnóstica sido limitada, principalmente no que diz respeito à obtenção de biópsia. Para além disso, permaneceu a dúvida quanto ao regime terapêutico adequado bem como quanto à aplicabilidade das guidelines atuais.Introduction: Occult neoplasia or cancer of unknown primary is a diverse group of cancers that is defined by the presence of metastasis of aggressive growth without an identifiable primary tumor after a complete and exhaustive evaluation, or by the presence of systemic manifestations related to paraneoplastic syndromes, which accounts for 3 to 5% of all cancer cases. Occult neoplasia is the third/forth cause of death by neoplasia, and has a poor prognosis, with a life expectancy of 6 to 10 months, in the majority of cases (80 to 85%). Treatment must be settled individually, according to clinical and pathological findings and the prognostic subgroup in which the patient is in. Case Report: Here are described four clinical cases of patients admitted to Hospital de Santa Maria Internal Medicine IC care which are illustrative examples of occult neoplasia, in its aggressive presentation, rapid progression and difficulty in establishing histological diagnosis. Conclusion: In the cases presented, the aggressive evolution and poor prognosis of occult neoplasia are evident, since all the patients died. Even though the diagnosis of occult neoplasia was considered because of the presence of metastasis without an identifiable primary tumor, the necessary investigation to reach the final diagnosis was not completed due to the aggressive progression of the disease and the diagnostic approach was limited, especially when a biopsy was needed. In addition, the doubt remained as to the adequate therapeutic regimen to apply as well as the applicability of the current guidelines
Neoplasia oculta : revisão da literatura e análise de pequena série de quatro casos clínicos
No full textTrabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2018Introdução: Neoplasia oculta ou neoplasia de localização primária não identificada engloba um grupo heterogéneo de situações clínicas definidas pela presença de metástases de crescimento agressivo sem tumor primário definido após uma investigação completa e exaustiva, ou pela presença de manifestações sistémicas relacionadas com a presença de síndromes paraneoplásicos, constituindo 3 a 5% de todos os diagnósticos de neoplasia. A neoplasia oculta é a terceira/quarta causa de morte por neoplasia, apresentando na maioria dos casos (80 a 85%) prognóstico desfavorável, com sobrevida média de 6 a 10 meses. A terapêutica da neoplasia oculta deve ser ponderada a nível individual, de acordo com as bases clinico-patológicas e subgrupo de prognóstico em que o doente se insere. Casos Clínicos: Neste trabalho apresentam-se quatro casos clínicos de doentes internados no serviço de Medicina 1C do Hospital de Santa Maria que constituem exemplos ilustrativos de neoplasia oculta, nomeadamente na gravidade da forma de apresentação, progressão rápida e dificuldade de estabelecer diagnóstico histológico. Conclusão: Nos casos apresentados evidenciou-se o rápido carácter evolutivo de mau prognóstico da neoplasia oculta, culminando invariavelmente em morte. Apesar de nos casos em questão se considerar o diagnóstico de neoplasia oculta pela apresentação de metástases sem tumor primário definido, os exames que seriam necessários para a obtenção de diagnóstico final não foram realizados por rápida evolução da doença, tendo a abordagem diagnóstica sido limitada, principalmente no que diz respeito à obtenção de biópsia. Para além disso, permaneceu a dúvida quanto ao regime terapêutico adequado bem como quanto à aplicabilidade das guidelines atuais.Introduction: Occult neoplasia or cancer of unknown primary is a diverse group of cancers that is defined by the presence of metastasis of aggressive growth without an identifiable primary tumor after a complete and exhaustive evaluation, or by the presence of systemic manifestations related to paraneoplastic syndromes, which accounts for 3 to 5% of all cancer cases. Occult neoplasia is the third/forth cause of death by neoplasia, and has a poor prognosis, with a life expectancy of 6 to 10 months, in the majority of cases (80 to 85%). Treatment must be settled individually, according to clinical and pathological findings and the prognostic subgroup in which the patient is in. Case Report: Here are described four clinical cases of patients admitted to Hospital de Santa Maria Internal Medicine IC care which are illustrative examples of occult neoplasia, in its aggressive presentation, rapid progression and difficulty in establishing histological diagnosis. Conclusion: In the cases presented, the aggressive evolution and poor prognosis of occult neoplasia are evident, since all the patients died. Even though the diagnosis of occult neoplasia was considered because of the presence of metastasis without an identifiable primary tumor, the necessary investigation to reach the final diagnosis was not completed due to the aggressive progression of the disease and the diagnostic approach was limited, especially when a biopsy was needed. In addition, the doubt remained as to the adequate therapeutic regimen to apply as well as the applicability of the current guidelines
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Patologia cardiovascular aguda e sua abordagem inicial num SUC polivalente : apresentação de pequena série de casos clínicos
No full textTrabalho Final do Curso de Mestrado Integrado em Medicina, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, 2022A patologia cardiovascular (PCV) na sua multiplicidade de apresentações constitui um dos grupos nosológicos mais frequentes em Portugal com elevado peso na morbimortalidade global, tanto nas suas formas crónicas como na doença aguda. A PCV aguda é complexa, frequentemente grave e com elevado risco de mortalidade a curto prazo. A avaliação da maioria destas apresentações decorre frequentemente no contexto do serviço de urgência (SU), sendo a sua correta e célere abordagem ad initium crucial à sobrevivência do doente e à diminuição de incapacidade a médio/ longo prazo. O Hospital de Santa Maria (HSM) é um centro de referenciação terciária e o seu SU é polivalente, possibilitando avaliação presencial por todas as especialidades médicas e cirúrgicas, bem como intervenções altamente diferenciadas pelas mesmas, 24h/ dia, 7 dias por semana. Por estas características únicas, o SU do HSM recebe diariamente inúmeras situações clínicas agudas complexas, com elevada morbi-mortalidade, muitas das quais do foro cardiovascular (CV). Com este trabalho, pretende-se revisitar alguns casos clínicos ilustrativos de PCV aguda e sua abordagem desde o momento da admissão do doente no SU do HSM, da marcha diagnóstica inicial ao estabelecimento de um plano terapêutico, enfatizando a importância de uma intervenção rápida e dirigida na otimização do prognóstico de cada doente individual.Cardiovascular disease (CV) in its wide range of presentations represents one of the most prevalent nosological groups in Portugal with major impact in global morbidity and mortality, both in its chronic forms as well as in acute illness. Its acute presentations are complex, often severe and with a high risk of short-term mortality. The assessment of most of these cases takes place in the emergency department (ED), and appropriate early approach is crucial for patient survival and reduction of disability. Santa Maria Hospital (SMH) is a tertiary referral center and, consequentially, its ED allows for a multidisciplinary approach, namely through face-to-face assessment by all medical and surgical specialties as well as providing highly differentiated interventions, 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. Due to these unique characteristics, the ED of the HSM daily handles a wide range of complex acute clinical situations, with high potential morbidity and mortality, many of which are related with CV. With this work, we intend to revisit some illustrative clinical cases of acute CV pathology and their management from admission to the ED of the HSM, through the initial diagnostic process and, ultimately, to the establishment of a treatment plan, emphasizing the importance of a quick and efficient intervention, aimed at improving as much as possible the prognosis of each individual patient
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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