1,720,991 research outputs found
Risk of childhood leukemia and exposure to outdoor air pollution. Updated review and dose-response meta-analysis
No full textLeukemia is the most frequent malignant disease of childhood. Most epidemiologic studies have suggested that exposure to traffic pollutants may increase the risk of childhood leukemia. We updated our previous review and metaanalysis as some recent studies have now available, and we also performed a dose-response metaanalysis using traffic estimators
Strong excess risk of pancreatic cancer for low frequency and duration of cigarette smoking: A comprehensive review and meta-analysis
No full textMeta-Analysis of Potassium Intake and the Risk of Stroke
Full text linkBackground-—The possibility that lifestyle factors such as diet, specifically potassium intake, may modify the risk of stroke has
been suggested by several observational cohort studies, including some recent reports. We performed a systematic review and
meta-analysis of existing studies and assessed the dose–response relation between potassium intake and stroke risk.
Methods and Results-—We reviewed the observational cohort studies addressing the relation between potassium intake, and
incidence or mortality of total stroke or stroke subtypes published through August 6, 2016. We carried out a meta-analysis of 16
cohort studies based on the relative risk (RR) of stroke comparing the highest versus lowest intake categories. We also plotted a
pooled dose–response curve of RR of stroke according to potassium intake. Analyses were performed with and without adjustment
for blood pressure. Relative to the lowest category of potassium intake, the highest category of potassium intake was associated
with a 13% reduced risk of stroke (RR=0.87, 95% CI 0.80–0.94) in the blood pressure–adjusted analysis. Summary RRs tended to
decrease when original estimates were unadjusted for blood pressure. Analysis for stroke subtypes yielded comparable results. In
the spline analysis, the pooled RR was lowest at 90 mmol of potassium daily intake (RRs=0.78, 95% CI 0.70–0.86) in blood
pressure–adjusted analysis, and 0.67 (95% CI 0.57–0.78) in unadjusted analysis.
Conclusions-—Overall, this dose–response meta-analysis confirms the inverse association between potassium intake and stroke
risk, with potassium intake of 90 mmol (!3500 mg)/day associated with the lowest risk of stroke
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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