101,016 research outputs found
ACTIVATED HUMAN T-CELLS EXPRESS BETA-2-MICROGLOBULIN-ASSOCIATED HLA-A,B,C MOLECULES NOT RECOGNIZED BY W6/32 MAB
No full textLetter, [Author unclear] to Paulina T. Merritt
No full textHandwritten letter to Paulina Merritt from an unknown author, October 1, 1876.
Knowledge of statistics or statistical learning? Readers prioritize the statistics of their native language over the learning of local regularities
No full textA large body of evidence suggests that people spontaneously and implicitly learn about regularities present in the visual input. Although theorized as critical for reading, this ability has so far been demonstrated only for non-linguistic materials. We tested whether local statistical regularities are also extracted from materials that closely resemble one’s native language. In two experiments, Italian speakers saw a set of letter strings modelled on the Italian lexicon and guessed which of these strings were words in a fictitious language and which were foils. Unknown to participants, words could be distinguished from foils based on their average Italian letter bigram frequency. Surprisingly, in both experiments, we found no evidence that participants learnt this statistic. Instead, lexical decisions were guided by minimal bigram frequency, a cue rooted in participants’ native language. We discuss the implications of these findings for accounts of statistical learning and visual word processing
Expression of HLA class I antigens in human tumors and their involvement in tumor growth.
No full textA decreased expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I antigens is a common feature of many experimental and human tumors and can often be correlated with malignancy grade. In fact, reduction of class I antigens is associated in most tumors with an enhanced ability to elude immune surveillance. Loss of HLA-A,B,C antigens ranges from a decrease in the percentage of A,B,C-positive cells to selective loss of particular antigens and total loss of class I molecule expression. In man, this has been documented in melanomas, carcinomas, lymphomas, neuroblastoma and acute leukemias. The reduction in membrane antigens is generally associated with a parallel fall in immunoprecipitable intracellular proteins and the corresponding mRNAs in the absence of structural changes in the coding genes. The literature concerning the above mentioned topics is reviewed and discussed
(EURODIAB IDDM) Complications Study Group: Prevalence and management of hypertension in Type 1 diabetes mellitus in Europe.
No full textImpact Factor 2.17
The effect of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion treatment on proliferative diabetic retinopathy.
No full textNot Availabl
Handwritten biographical information on Paulina T. McClung Merritt
No full textA handwritten biography of Paulina T. McClung Merritt by an unknown author, 1892.
Heterogeneous and tissue-specific regulation of effector T cell responses by IFN-gamma during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection.
No full textIFN-γ and T cells are both required for the development of experimental cerebral malaria during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection. Surprisingly, however, the role of IFN-γ in shaping the effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell response during this infection has not been examined in detail. To address this, we have compared the effector T cell responses in wild-type and IFN-γ(-/-) mice during P. berghei ANKA infection. The expansion of splenic CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells during P. berghei ANKA infection was unaffected by the absence of IFN-γ, but the contraction phase of the T cell response was significantly attenuated. Splenic T cell activation and effector function were essentially normal in IFN-γ(-/-) mice; however, the migration to, and accumulation of, effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the lung, liver, and brain was altered in IFN-γ(-/-) mice. Interestingly, activation and accumulation of T cells in various nonlymphoid organs was differently affected by lack of IFN-γ, suggesting that IFN-γ influences T cell effector function to varying levels in different anatomical locations. Importantly, control of splenic T cell numbers during P. berghei ANKA infection depended on active IFN-γ-dependent environmental signals--leading to T cell apoptosis--rather than upon intrinsic alterations in T cell programming. To our knowledge, this is the first study to fully investigate the role of IFN-γ in modulating T cell function during P. berghei ANKA infection and reveals that IFN-γ is required for efficient contraction of the pool of activated T cells
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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