9,134 research outputs found
Deciphering the RNA polymerase II structure: a personal perspective.
No full textThis year's Nobel laureate in chemistry is Roger Kornberg. Patrick Cramer gives a personal account of how the Kornberg laboratory determined the structure of the RNA polymerase II core enzyme
Towards molecular systems biology of gene transcription and regulation
No full textTen years after the determination of the RNA polymerase 11 structure, the basic mechanism of mRNA synthesis during gene transcription is known. In the future, the initiation and regulation of transcription must be studied with a combination of structural biology, biochemistry, functional genomics, and computational methods. In this article, the efforts of our laboratory to move from an integrated structural biology of gene transcription towards molecular systems biology of gene regulation are reviewed
Henry Moore-Elephant Skull
No full textThis chapter considers the origins, development and production of Henry Moore's portfolio of etchings, Elephant Skull and the role and influence of the publisher Gerald Cramer.
This book, published on the occasion of the exhibition "Gérald Cramer and" his "artists, Chagall, Miro, Moore" in the Graphic Arts Cabinet of the Museums of Art and History, brings together unpublished texts by Christian Rümelin , Christopher Green, Céline Chicha-Castex, Patrick Cramer and Paul Coldwell and a biobibliography written by Claudia Gaggetta. The volume documents with great precision on the career of the Geneva publisher.
Gérald Cramer and "his" artists, Chagall, Miro, Moore. Patrick Cramer Publisher, 2016. Volume sewn thread of 144 pages, 205 reproductions of which 105 in colors, bound full cardboard, cover illustrated colors, 32 x 22.5 cm.
French or English version.
See also http://artinprint.org/review/poetic-visions-and-dead-elephants-in-geneva/ for a related review
Multisubunit RNA polymerases
No full textTranscription of the genetic information in all cells is carried out by multisubunit RNA polymerases (RNAPs). Comparison of the crystal structures of a bacterial and a eukaryotic RNAP reveals a conserved core that comprises the active site and a multifunctional clamp. Together with a further structure of eukaryotic RNAP bound to DNA and RNA, these results elucidate many aspects of the transcription mechanism, including initiation, elongation, nucleotide addition, processivity and proofreading
Structure and Function of RNA Polymerase II
No full textThis chapter discusses the structure and function of RNA polymerase II. High-resolution structural studies of polymerase II (Pol II) by x-ray crystallography required large amounts of pure protein that cannot be obtained by over-expression because of the complexity of the enzyme. The described structural studies of yeast Pol II are directly relevant to Pol II enzymes in higher organisms, because Pol II subunits are very well conserved in sequence and function. After successful RNA chain elongation, transcription terminates and Pol II dissociates from the template. Some of the steps during the transcription cycle can be carried out by Pol II alone. Pol II can maintain an open transcription bubble, translocate along the template DNA, synthesize RNA from the template, and proofread the nascent RNA. However, for all other steps during the transcription cycle, Pol II requires additional proteins. The chapter presents backbone models of the complete initiation-competent Pol II, including the Rpb4/7 complex and the complete Pol II with bound elongation factor transcription factor IIS (TFIIS). The structures, together with many functional studies, have given many insights into the mechanism of mRNA transcription. Structural and functional studies of bacterial RNA polymerase allow for interesting comparisons and evolutionary considerations. The Pol II structures now guide mutagenesis experiments aimed at a dissection of the transcription mechanism
Gene transcription: Extending the message.
No full textDuring transcription, RNA polymerase catalyses the addition of nucleotides to the growing RNA chain. High-resolution structural snapshots indicate that the polymerase first identifies its substrate, and then incorporates it
Structural molecular biology - A personal reflection on the occasion of John Kendrew's 100th birthday.
No full textHere I discuss the development and future of structural molecular biology, concentrating on the eukaryotic transcription machinery, and reflecting on John Kendrew's legacy from a personal perspective
500 years after the first circumnavigation of the world: The efforts, rewards and drawbacks of exploration.
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