1,721,351 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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EEG studies of the human brain motor system-- New insights into learning and plasticity
Get PDFStroke is highly heterogeneous, with patients demonstrating variation in infarct characteristics, baseline impairment, degree of spontaneous recovery, and response to treatment. There is ample literature on the neural correlates of post-stroke variation. However previous methods incompletely characterize inter-individual differences and have limitations for clinical adoption. The studies herein examine the use of dense-array electroencephalography (EEG) measures of brain function for predicting response to motor training in non-stroke control and stroke populations. In Chapter 2, a partial least squares regression (PLS) model found resting-state connectivity was a robust predictor of subsequent response to motor training (R2 = 0.81) in non-stroke individuals. Results in Chapter 2 were confirmed in Chapter 3, and extended when the same resting-state connectivity measure was shown to demonstrate specificity with respect to the content of motor training. Specifically, individuals with increased connectivity between electrodes overlying left primary motor cortex (M1) and left premotor cortex (PM) showed greater improvement with training of the motor sequence learning task, but lesser improvement with training of the visuospatial learning task. The same EEG methods were applied to a chronic stroke population in Chapter 4. Separate PLS models found baseline resting-state connectivity was related to baseline impairment (R2 = 0.78) and predicted motor gains across the 4 week arm motor therapy (R2 = 0.79). Finally, in Chapter 5, similar EEG methods were used to identify the neural correlates of impairment in acute stroke (0 - 12 days). A PLS model showed relative delta power across the brain accounted for a substantial proportion of variance in early post-stroke impairment state (R2 = 0.72). Furthermore, the neural correlates of acute stroke impairment were found to vary according to infarct size subgroup; the model for small strokes was driven by ipsilesional signals, whereas the model for large strokes was driven by contralesional signals. In sum, the current studies demonstrate that PLS modeling EEG measures of resting brain function provide useful insights into basal differences in brain state which can be used to predict the capacity of an individual brain to undergo plasticity and thus respond to motor training in non-stroke and stroke populations
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Neuroimaging predictors and biomarkers of rehabilitation gains after stroke
Get PDFStroke is a leading cause of long-term adult disability and many therapies are under study aiming to improve post-stroke motor function. Unfortunately, patient response to therapy is highly variable and the reasons for this are unknown. Clinical assessments are typically used to guide therapeutic decision-making after stroke. However, neuroimaging research over the last 15 years suggests that probes of neural injury and neural function provide crucial insight into post-stroke motor status. Limited research has examined how such measures could predict the likelihood of therapy-induced motor recovery and serve as biomarkers of treatment gains. Therefore, the current dissertation examined several neuroimaging measures of neural injury and neural function, as well as clinical and demographic variables, to 1) characterize our patient sample and understand the factors related to pre-therapy motor impairment and disability; 2) identify predictors of motor gains from a 3-week course of robotic arm therapy; and 3) elucidate potential biomarkers of motor gains from therapy. At baseline, reduced corticospinal tract (CST) integrity and neurophysiology (no motor evoked potential from transcranial magnetic stimulation) were correlated with greater pre-therapy motor impairment. Among less impaired patients, greater contralesional primary motor cortex (M1) and dorsal premotor cortex (PMd) activation correlated with greater motor impairment. The factors related to greater disability were reduced CST integrity and poorer cognitive status. The baseline measures predictive of greater motor gains from therapy were smaller CST injury (CST-lesion overlap) and greater interhemispheric functional connectivity. A notable finding was that predictors of gains varied according to lacunar stroke subtype: greater ipsilesional M1 activation and intrahemispheric functional connectivity predicted larger motor gains. Lastly, functional connectivity measures proved stronger biomarker candidates of treatment gains than changes in regional measures of motor cortex activation or an exploratory susceptibility-weighted imaging measure of peri-infarct tissue perfusion/angiogenesis. Furthermore, biomarkers differed according to stroke severity. Among less impaired patients, reductions in intra- and interhemispheric functional connectivity with therapy correlated with greater motor gains whereas in more impaired patients decreases in interhemispheric functional connectivity correlated with smaller gains. The current findings illustrate that measures of neural injury and neural function provide great insight into motor status after stroke, the likelihood of gains from therapy, and the heterogeneity of patient response to therapy. Ultimately, these measures should be incorporated into clinical trials of restorative stroke therapies to stratify patients to appropriate therapies and guide therapeutic decision-making for maximal patient gains
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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