1,721,662 research outputs found
Craig, James Ian, 416043
No full textThis record was harvested from a previous catalogue system and will be withdrawn in 2025. Information in this record may be superseded or incomplete. Visit this record in UMA's new catalogue at: https://archives.library.unimelb.edu.au/nodes/view/379350Surname: CRAIG
Given Name(s) or Initials: JAMES IAN
Military Service Number or Last Known Location: 416043
Missing, Wounded and Prisoner of War Enquiry Card Index Number: 46764193162
Item: [2016.0049.11643] "Craig, James Ian, 416043
Minutes of meeting of the I.M.A. commission of ore microscopy
No full textCraig James R. Minutes of meeting of the I.M.A. commission of ore microscopy. In: Bulletin de Minéralogie, volume 103, 1, 1980. pp. 156-157
Minutes of meeting of the I.M.A. commission of ore microscopy
No full textCraig James R. Minutes of meeting of the I.M.A. commission of ore microscopy. In: Bulletin de Minéralogie, volume 103, 1, 1980. pp. 156-157
Adaptation as source of safety in complex sociotechnical systems
No full textIn the last 25 years, new theories, ideas, and disciplines of safety have emerged to address the evolving nature of safety management in complex sociotechnical systems. This thesis investigates the critical role of adaptation in ensuring safety with reference to UK air traffic control, emphasising the continuous, real-time demand compensations made by individuals to ensure safety through trade-offs, self-organisation, informal practices and strategies. The thesis presents the results of a structured exploration of adaptation and begins with a comprehensive review of the literature, grounded in human factors (HF) and safety research, to define the concept of adaptation and describe its many facets. It identifies the highly influential role of human operators in creating safety and the adaptive capability that they provide to appreciate the context of the system, the changing demands placed upon it in day-to-day operations and to respond with proportionate and appropriate actions that maintain system performance. Adaptation is characterised by nine factors, highlighting its multi-faceted nature and its essential contribution to system resilience, occurring in real-time yet often ‘hidden in plain sight’. Through a series of diverse case studies from UK air traffic control, the thesis validates the explanatory power of these factors. These case studies leverage unique access to decision-makers and frontline controllers, exploring adaptation at the level of the individual, team and organisation, and from both positive and maladaptive perspectives. A range of HF methods are employed to explore adaptation, and a multi-method framework is presented. Additionally, the thesis critically appraises the challenges of predicting adaptation in industrial risk management and proposes a novel semi-structured interview technique with the potential for broad industrial and cross-domain applicability. The thesis further examines the challenges of managing adaptation in highly regulated industries, discussing the balance between the need for structure and control in work whilst also encouraging innovation and learning. It highlights the importance of capacities for both adaptive innovation to test novel strategies and adaptive memory to retain experience and reapply beneficial strategies. Practical guidance is provided for safety practitioners on harnessing and developing these adaptive capacities within the framework of the Safety Management System. The thesis contributes to safety science by defining adaptation, describing methods for its exploration, validating the explanatory power of this approach through case studies, proposing a practical methodology for predicting adaptation and effects on adaptive capacities and offering guidance on managing adaptation and adaptive capacities in safety-related industries and complex sociotechnical systems.<br/
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
A Delphi study of human factors methods for the evaluation of adaptation in safety-related organisations
No full textAdvances in safety science point towards an approach to the management of safety-related risks within complex sociotechnical systems that focuses on the understanding of adaptation. The study of adaptation would benefit from the use of structured and formalised approaches at, and across, all levels of the organisational hierarchy (individual, team and organisation). However, with a large number of potential Human Factors methods available to the safety practitioner, it is unclear which methods are most appropriate for an exploration of this important tenet of systems thinking. A 3-round ranking Delphi study has been conducted to survey the range of methods to determine a soft consensus amongst subject matter experts. In each of the three rounds the list was successively refined. Cognitive Work Analysis (CWA) and Critical Decision Method (CDM) methods were recommended for the micro level (which could be complemented by HTA). At the meso level, CDM and CWA together with complementary methods, such as Systems Theoretic Accident Modelling and Processes (STAMP), Functional Resonance Analysis Method (FRAM) and the Event Analysis for Systemic Teamwork (EAST) method. STAMP and FRAM were recommended at the macro level, which could be complemented with Hierarchical Task Analysis (HTA), Ethnographic Analysis, EAST and the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS). The methods, taken together, should provide a means of exploring adaptation at all of the sociotechnical system levels. This work provides safety practitioners with consolidated guidance on the methods that could be used to explore adaptation as a source of safety in complex sociotechnical systems
A very temporary operating instruction: uncovering emergence and adaptation in air traffic control
No full textThe introduction of temporary instructions to amend standard operating procedures, to address emerging safety risks, is an example of the well-intentioned decision-making that occurs every day in organisations that manage safety. These organisations typically assess these changes for potential risks; however, even simple changes can have unpredictable and emergent effects in complex sociotechnical systems. A case study of a procedural change in UK air traffic control, to address the risk from unintentional flight level deviations, is explored through the use of a model of adaptation to understand the unexpected and unpredicted effects of the change and uncover the adaptations that already existed within normal work that were a source of safety. Recommendations on the need for systemic safety methodologies that can identify and enhance the features of sociotechnical systems that support this adaptive capacity are identified with reference to this model for adaptation in complex sociotechnical systems
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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