1,721,040 research outputs found
PlantRateEstimation
No full textThis online data supplement contains the assoicated data and replicatable analyses to estimate branch rates for sister-pair analyses from the paper "Exploring the relationships between mutation rates, life history, genome size, environment and species richness in flowering plants" Bromham, Lindell, Hua, Xia, Lanfear, Robert, Cowman, Peter F
FIGURE 7 in Five new species of black coral (Anthozoa; Antipatharia) from the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea, Australia
Full text linkFIGURE 7. Hexapathes bikofskii sp. nov.: A, holotype, G80122, image of colony; B, holotype, G80122, section of lateral pinnule; C, paratype, G80024, in-situ image of colony; D, paratype, G80024, section of colony showing anterior pinnule characteristics; E, paratype, G80024, spines on section of lateral pinnule; F, paratype, G80024, spines on section of anterior pinnule.Published as part of Horowitz, Jeremy, Opresko, Dennis, Molodtsova, Tina N., Beaman, Robin J., Cowman, Peter F. & Bridge, Tom C.L., 2022, Five new species of black coral (Anthozoa; Antipatharia) from the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea, Australia, pp. 1-35 in Zootaxa 5213 (1) on page 17, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5213.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/735003
Aphanipathes Brook 1889
No full textGenus Aphanipathes Brook, 1889 Diagnosis. Colony sparsely to densely, irregularly branched, bushy, sometimes broom-like, with short to long, straight or curved, often ascending branches. Spines with tall and pronounced tubercles. Type Species. Aphanipathes sarothamnoides Brook, 1889 Type Locality. VanuatuPublished as part of Horowitz, Jeremy, Opresko, Dennis, Molodtsova, Tina N., Beaman, Robin J., Cowman, Peter F. & Bridge, Tom C. L., 2022, Five new species of black coral (Anthozoa; Antipatharia) from the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea, Australia, pp. 1-35 in Zootaxa 5213 (1) on page 13, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5213.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/735003
FIGURE 3 in Five new species of black coral (Anthozoa; Antipatharia) from the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea, Australia
No full textFIGURE 3. Antipathes morrisi sp. nov.: A, Holotype, G80140, in-situ image of colony; B, image of part of collected specimen showing branches and terminal branchlets; C, section of terminal branchlet showing polypar (right side of branchlet) and abpolypar (left side of branchlet) spines; D, section of second highest order branch showing spines; E, image of polyp row on terminal branchlet.Published as part of Horowitz, Jeremy, Opresko, Dennis, Molodtsova, Tina N., Beaman, Robin J., Cowman, Peter F. & Bridge, Tom C.L., 2022, Five new species of black coral (Anthozoa; Antipatharia) from the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea, Australia, pp. 1-35 in Zootaxa 5213 (1) on page 7, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5213.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/735003
The evolution of fishes on coral reefs: fossils, phylogenies and functions
No full textThe last decade has seen major advances in our understanding of the evolutionary history of fishes on coral reefs. Where molecular and morphological phylogenies often clashed, they are now largely concordant, revealing clear patterns in reef fish evolution. This chapter synthesizes recent morphological and molecular evidence to address the evolution of both the forms and functions of fishes on coral reefs. Recent evidence allows us to identify six clear phases in the co-evolution of fishes and reefs. Over the past 400 million years, interactions between fishes and reefs have intensified from initial indifference to the complex ecosystems we see today, where coral reefs are highly dependent upon fish assemblages. Coral reefs, in turn, have acted as both cradles and refuges for fish lineages, underpinning both increased diversity and reduced extinctions. However, modern reefs are in decline. In many cases, coral reefs are losing crucial functions which have been established for tens of millions of years. Our understanding of how reefs functioned in the past offers a unique insight into the potential future of coral reefs.
In an earlier review of the evolution of reef fishes in Sale [2237], Bellwood and Wainwright [194] suggested that "The combination of fossil evidence, molecular systematics, and vicariance biogeography offers an exciting avenue for future research." In this, at least, they were right. The past decade has seen a series of spectacular advances in our understanding of the evolutionary history of reef fishes. With regional-and global-scale data sets, and new analytical approaches in both biogeography and molecular phylogenetics, we have finally begun to unravel the evolutionary history of reef fishes. This has enabled us to test some of the key hypotheses informing marine evolutionary and biogeographic theory. To explore the nature of these discoveries, and to place current findings in context, we will use a similar structure to the 2002 Sale chapter [194] to highlight how far our understanding has come
Rhipidipathes Milne-Edwards & Haime 1857
No full textGenus Rhipidipathes Milne-Edwards & Haime, 1857 Diagnosis. Corallum flabellate; anastomosing among some branches; polypar spines acute or blunt, smooth or tuberculate; circumpolypar spines slightly larger than interpolypar spines; hypostomal spines often equal to the circumpolypar spines but may be reduced in size or absent on some portions of the corallum. Remarks. Although Rhipidipathes is currently in the Aphanipathidae, previous (Brugler et al. 2013; Bo et al. 2018; Terrana et al. 2021) and the present study indicate that the genus is more closely related to species in the Antipathidae. The present study suggests that Rhipidipathes shares a lineage with the genus Blastopathes Horowitz, 2020 (Fig 2). Both genera have distinct morphological differences. For example, Rhipidipathes consists of thin branches that can fuse to create flabellate “fan-like” colonies (Opresko 2004) and Blastopathes consists of thick, stem-like branches that do not fuse and possess branches that sprout from clusters to create “tree-like” colonies (Horowitz et al. 2020). Due to the differences between these “sister” genera, their family-level relationships need to be verified. Type Species: Rhipidipathes reticulata (Esper 1795) Type Locality: East Indian OceanPublished as part of Horowitz, Jeremy, Opresko, Dennis, Molodtsova, Tina N., Beaman, Robin J., Cowman, Peter F. & Bridge, Tom C. L., 2022, Five new species of black coral (Anthozoa; Antipatharia) from the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea, Australia, pp. 1-35 in Zootaxa 5213 (1) on page 10, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5213.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/735003
Antipathes Pallas 1766
No full textGenus Antipathes Pallas, 1766 Diagnosis (after Opresko 2019). Corallum sparsely to densely branched. Branching bushy, bramble-like, broomlike, or fan-shaped. Terminal branchlets of varying length; arranged irregularly, or bilaterally. Spines triangular or cone-shaped in lateral view; smooth or papillose; apex of spines simple or with one or more lobes or bifurcations. Polyps less than 1 mm in transverse diameter. Type Species. Antipathes dichotoma Pallas, 1766 Type Locality. Mediterranean Sea Remarks. Antipathes dichotoma is the type species of the Antipathidae; however, molecular studies (Bo et al. 2018; Brugler et al. 2013), including this study (Fig. 2), have found that the species is more closely related to species in the Aphanipathidae than the Antipathidae. A formal review with integrated morphological and molecular data of all species in each family is required to resolve this taxonomic issue.Published as part of Horowitz, Jeremy, Opresko, Dennis, Molodtsova, Tina N., Beaman, Robin J., Cowman, Peter F. & Bridge, Tom C. L., 2022, Five new species of black coral (Anthozoa; Antipatharia) from the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea, Australia, pp. 1-35 in Zootaxa 5213 (1) on page 4, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5213.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/735003
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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