11 research outputs found
The role of the pre-supplementary motor area in the control of action
No full textAlthough regions within the medial frontal cortex are known to be active during voluntary movements their precise role remains unclear. Here we combine functional imaging localisation with psychophysics to demonstrate a strikingly selective contralesional impairment in the ability to inhibit ongoing movement plans in a patient with a rare lesion involving the right pre-supplementary motor area (pre-SMA), but sparing the supplementary motor area (SMA). We find no corresponding delay in simple reaction times, and show that the inhibitory deficit is sensitive to the presence of competition between responses. The findings demonstrate that the pre-SMA plays a critical role in exerting control over voluntary actions in situations of response conflict. We discuss these findings in the context of a unified framework of pre-SMA function, and explore the degree to which extant data on this region can be explained by this function alone
Widening exposome exploration with a novel multiplexed HRMS analytical approach : a case study on pesticide internal exposure
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction : Human exposure to food and environmental chemical contaminants including pesticides is generally assessed by indirect (e.g. questionnaires) and/or targeted methods focusing on a limited number of selected compounds. These methods often require a large amount of sample for analyses as complete and sensitive as possible. Thus, human health risks associated with multi-exposure to complex mixtures currently remain underexplored. Based on the exposomics concept and previous studies (1,2), we propose an innovative global chemical profiling approach integrating three complementary HRMS platforms (LC-HILIC-HRMS, LC-C18-HRMS and GC-HRMS), for capturing an extended range of contaminants and related metabolites from a unique urine sample.Methods : Fractionation of reduced-volume urine samples (0.5 mL) was preformed using Strata-X® SPE cartridges. HRMS experiments were conducted on GC-Orbitrap q-Exactive (GC-MS), Sciex X-500-R Q-ToF (C18-LC-MS) and LTQ-Orbitrap XL (HILIC-LC-MS) instruments. Data processing was carried out on both commercial and open source softwares (Trace Finder, W4M, Scannotation, …). A set of 187 standard compounds (parent compounds + metabolites) covering both a large range of molecular weights (72 g/mol1000) from a single sample, provides valuable data for assessing associations with health endpoints for epidemiological studies. Novelty : innovative multiplexed HRMS methodology for wide exposomics from a unique sample. References1 E. L. Jamin et al. Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 2014, 406, 1149-1161.2 N. Bonvallot et al. Sci. Tot. Environ., 2021, 786, 147499.3 T. Moufawad et al. In preparatio
Widening exposome exploration with a novel multiplexed HRMS analytical approach : a case study on pesticide internal exposure
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction : Human exposure to food and environmental chemical contaminants including pesticides is generally assessed by indirect (e.g. questionnaires) and/or targeted methods focusing on a limited number of selected compounds. These methods often require a large amount of sample for analyses as complete and sensitive as possible. Thus, human health risks associated with multi-exposure to complex mixtures currently remain underexplored. Based on the exposomics concept and previous studies (1,2), we propose an innovative global chemical profiling approach integrating three complementary HRMS platforms (LC-HILIC-HRMS, LC-C18-HRMS and GC-HRMS), for capturing an extended range of contaminants and related metabolites from a unique urine sample.Methods : Fractionation of reduced-volume urine samples (0.5 mL) was preformed using Strata-X® SPE cartridges. HRMS experiments were conducted on GC-Orbitrap q-Exactive (GC-MS), Sciex X-500-R Q-ToF (C18-LC-MS) and LTQ-Orbitrap XL (HILIC-LC-MS) instruments. Data processing was carried out on both commercial and open source softwares (Trace Finder, W4M, Scannotation, …). A set of 187 standard compounds (parent compounds + metabolites) covering both a large range of molecular weights (72 g/mol1000) from a single sample, provides valuable data for assessing associations with health endpoints for epidemiological studies. Novelty : innovative multiplexed HRMS methodology for wide exposomics from a unique sample. References1 E. L. Jamin et al. Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 2014, 406, 1149-1161.2 N. Bonvallot et al. Sci. Tot. Environ., 2021, 786, 147499.3 T. Moufawad et al. In preparatio
Widening exposome exploration with a novel multiplexed HRMS analytical approach : a case study on pesticide internal exposure
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction : Human exposure to food and environmental chemical contaminants including pesticides is generally assessed by indirect (e.g. questionnaires) and/or targeted methods focusing on a limited number of selected compounds. These methods often require a large amount of sample for analyses as complete and sensitive as possible. Thus, human health risks associated with multi-exposure to complex mixtures currently remain underexplored. Based on the exposomics concept and previous studies (1,2), we propose an innovative global chemical profiling approach integrating three complementary HRMS platforms (LC-HILIC-HRMS, LC-C18-HRMS and GC-HRMS), for capturing an extended range of contaminants and related metabolites from a unique urine sample.Methods : Fractionation of reduced-volume urine samples (0.5 mL) was preformed using Strata-X® SPE cartridges. HRMS experiments were conducted on GC-Orbitrap q-Exactive (GC-MS), Sciex X-500-R Q-ToF (C18-LC-MS) and LTQ-Orbitrap XL (HILIC-LC-MS) instruments. Data processing was carried out on both commercial and open source softwares (Trace Finder, W4M, Scannotation, …). A set of 187 standard compounds (parent compounds + metabolites) covering both a large range of molecular weights (72 g/mol1000) from a single sample, provides valuable data for assessing associations with health endpoints for epidemiological studies. Novelty : innovative multiplexed HRMS methodology for wide exposomics from a unique sample. References1 E. L. Jamin et al. Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 2014, 406, 1149-1161.2 N. Bonvallot et al. Sci. Tot. Environ., 2021, 786, 147499.3 T. Moufawad et al. In preparatio
Widening exposome exploration with a novel multiplexed HRMS analytical approach : a case study on pesticide internal exposure
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction : Human exposure to food and environmental chemical contaminants including pesticides is generally assessed by indirect (e.g. questionnaires) and/or targeted methods focusing on a limited number of selected compounds. These methods often require a large amount of sample for analyses as complete and sensitive as possible. Thus, human health risks associated with multi-exposure to complex mixtures currently remain underexplored. Based on the exposomics concept and previous studies (1,2), we propose an innovative global chemical profiling approach integrating three complementary HRMS platforms (LC-HILIC-HRMS, LC-C18-HRMS and GC-HRMS), for capturing an extended range of contaminants and related metabolites from a unique urine sample.Methods : Fractionation of reduced-volume urine samples (0.5 mL) was preformed using Strata-X® SPE cartridges. HRMS experiments were conducted on GC-Orbitrap q-Exactive (GC-MS), Sciex X-500-R Q-ToF (C18-LC-MS) and LTQ-Orbitrap XL (HILIC-LC-MS) instruments. Data processing was carried out on both commercial and open source softwares (Trace Finder, W4M, Scannotation, …). A set of 187 standard compounds (parent compounds + metabolites) covering both a large range of molecular weights (72 g/mol1000) from a single sample, provides valuable data for assessing associations with health endpoints for epidemiological studies. Novelty : innovative multiplexed HRMS methodology for wide exposomics from a unique sample. References1 E. L. Jamin et al. Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 2014, 406, 1149-1161.2 N. Bonvallot et al. Sci. Tot. Environ., 2021, 786, 147499.3 T. Moufawad et al. In preparatio
Widening exposome exploration with a novel multiplexed HRMS analytical approach : a case study on pesticide internal exposure
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction : Human exposure to food and environmental chemical contaminants including pesticides is generally assessed by indirect (e.g. questionnaires) and/or targeted methods focusing on a limited number of selected compounds. These methods often require a large amount of sample for analyses as complete and sensitive as possible. Thus, human health risks associated with multi-exposure to complex mixtures currently remain underexplored. Based on the exposomics concept and previous studies (1,2), we propose an innovative global chemical profiling approach integrating three complementary HRMS platforms (LC-HILIC-HRMS, LC-C18-HRMS and GC-HRMS), for capturing an extended range of contaminants and related metabolites from a unique urine sample.Methods : Fractionation of reduced-volume urine samples (0.5 mL) was preformed using Strata-X® SPE cartridges. HRMS experiments were conducted on GC-Orbitrap q-Exactive (GC-MS), Sciex X-500-R Q-ToF (C18-LC-MS) and LTQ-Orbitrap XL (HILIC-LC-MS) instruments. Data processing was carried out on both commercial and open source softwares (Trace Finder, W4M, Scannotation, …). A set of 187 standard compounds (parent compounds + metabolites) covering both a large range of molecular weights (72 g/mol1000) from a single sample, provides valuable data for assessing associations with health endpoints for epidemiological studies. Novelty : innovative multiplexed HRMS methodology for wide exposomics from a unique sample. References1 E. L. Jamin et al. Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 2014, 406, 1149-1161.2 N. Bonvallot et al. Sci. Tot. Environ., 2021, 786, 147499.3 T. Moufawad et al. In preparatio
Widening exposome exploration with a novel multiplexed HRMS analytical approach : a case study on pesticide internal exposure
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction : Human exposure to food and environmental chemical contaminants including pesticides is generally assessed by indirect (e.g. questionnaires) and/or targeted methods focusing on a limited number of selected compounds. These methods often require a large amount of sample for analyses as complete and sensitive as possible. Thus, human health risks associated with multi-exposure to complex mixtures currently remain underexplored. Based on the exposomics concept and previous studies (1,2), we propose an innovative global chemical profiling approach integrating three complementary HRMS platforms (LC-HILIC-HRMS, LC-C18-HRMS and GC-HRMS), for capturing an extended range of contaminants and related metabolites from a unique urine sample.Methods : Fractionation of reduced-volume urine samples (0.5 mL) was preformed using Strata-X® SPE cartridges. HRMS experiments were conducted on GC-Orbitrap q-Exactive (GC-MS), Sciex X-500-R Q-ToF (C18-LC-MS) and LTQ-Orbitrap XL (HILIC-LC-MS) instruments. Data processing was carried out on both commercial and open source softwares (Trace Finder, W4M, Scannotation, …). A set of 187 standard compounds (parent compounds + metabolites) covering both a large range of molecular weights (72 g/mol1000) from a single sample, provides valuable data for assessing associations with health endpoints for epidemiological studies. Novelty : innovative multiplexed HRMS methodology for wide exposomics from a unique sample. References1 E. L. Jamin et al. Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 2014, 406, 1149-1161.2 N. Bonvallot et al. Sci. Tot. Environ., 2021, 786, 147499.3 T. Moufawad et al. In preparatio
Widening exposome exploration with a novel multiplexed HRMS analytical approach : a case study on pesticide internal exposure
No full textInternational audienceIntroduction : Human exposure to food and environmental chemical contaminants including pesticides is generally assessed by indirect (e.g. questionnaires) and/or targeted methods focusing on a limited number of selected compounds. These methods often require a large amount of sample for analyses as complete and sensitive as possible. Thus, human health risks associated with multi-exposure to complex mixtures currently remain underexplored. Based on the exposomics concept and previous studies (1,2), we propose an innovative global chemical profiling approach integrating three complementary HRMS platforms (LC-HILIC-HRMS, LC-C18-HRMS and GC-HRMS), for capturing an extended range of contaminants and related metabolites from a unique urine sample.Methods : Fractionation of reduced-volume urine samples (0.5 mL) was preformed using Strata-X® SPE cartridges. HRMS experiments were conducted on GC-Orbitrap q-Exactive (GC-MS), Sciex X-500-R Q-ToF (C18-LC-MS) and LTQ-Orbitrap XL (HILIC-LC-MS) instruments. Data processing was carried out on both commercial and open source softwares (Trace Finder, W4M, Scannotation, …). A set of 187 standard compounds (parent compounds + metabolites) covering both a large range of molecular weights (72 g/mol1000) from a single sample, provides valuable data for assessing associations with health endpoints for epidemiological studies. Novelty : innovative multiplexed HRMS methodology for wide exposomics from a unique sample. References1 E. L. Jamin et al. Anal. Bioanal. Chem., 2014, 406, 1149-1161.2 N. Bonvallot et al. Sci. Tot. Environ., 2021, 786, 147499.3 T. Moufawad et al. In preparatio
Non-abstractness as mental simulation in the representation of number
No full textAbstraction is instrumental for our understanding of how numbers are cognitively represented. We propose that the notion of abstraction becomes testable from within the framework of simulated cognition. We describe mental simulation as embodied, grounded, and situated cognition, and report evidence for number representation at each of these levels of abstraction.</p
Imaging the imagination: The trouble with motor imagery
No full textSports and exercise psychology finds itself in a most unfortunate situation these days. While all other branches of the psychological sciences help themselves freely to the glitzy new toys of modern neuroscience-MRI and PET, mostly-exploring the neural underpinnings of whatever cognitive function they are interested in exploring, the sport sciences are left out of the fun for the simple reason that these imaging instruments preclude motion-the very thing then that is the subject of interest to them. There are several legitimate ways around this problem but the one that seems to be most popular is, I think, not-legitimate, that is. The basic idea, unduly sharpened here, is the following. Neuroimaging studies have shown that imagined and actual motion share the same neural substrates or, alternatively, imagining an action corresponds to a subliminal activation of the same brain areas required for its execution. It follows from this, the arguments runs, that motor imagery can be used as a proxy for real motor performance, et voilà, the sports sciences can go wild with all the snazzy brain imaging tools after all-just like everyone else. This notion is, I believe, misbegotten, a house of cards that threatens to cast a long shadow over the field. The present article, then, is, to be frank, intended to put a machete to this kind of thinking. It does this by exposing this conclusion to be based on an unholy marriage of selective data reporting and gross overgeneralization. The result is a wild goose chase fueled by wishful thinking. © 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Ashby G. F., 2002, ATTENTION IMPLICIT L, P109; Beilock SL, 2005, PSYCHOL SCI, V16, P101, DOI 10.1111-j.0956-7976.2005.00789.x; Binkofski F, 2000, HUM BRAIN MAPP, V11, P273, DOI 10.1002-1097-0193(200012)11:4273::AID-HBM403.0.CO;2-0; Chiel HJ, 1997, TRENDS NEUROSCI, V20, P553, DOI 10.1016-S0166-2236(97)01149-1; Dechent P, 2004, COGNITIVE BRAIN RES, V19, P138, DOI 10.1016-j.cogbrainres.2003.11.012; Deiber MP, 1998, NEUROIMAGE, V7, P73, DOI 10.1006-nimg.1997.0314; Dienes Z, 1999, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V22, P735; Dietrich A, 2003, CONSCIOUS COGN, V12, P231, DOI 10.1016-S1053-8100(02)00046-6; Dietrich A, 2004, CONSCIOUS COGN, V13, P746, DOI 10.1016-j.concog.2004.07.002; Dietrich A, 2004, BRAIN COGNITION, V55, P516, DOI 10.1016-j.bandc.2004.03.002; Dietrich A., 2007, INTRO CONSCIOUSNESS; Dietrich A, 2006, PSYCHIAT RES, V145, P79, DOI 10.1016-j.psychres.2005.07.033; Gerardin E, 2000, CEREB CORTEX, V10, P1093, DOI 10.1093-cercor-10.11.1093; Hanakawa T, 2003, J NEUROPHYSIOL, V89, P989, DOI 10.1152-jn.00132.2002; Holschneider DP, 2003, J CEREBR BLOOD F MET, V23, P925, DOI 10.1097-01.WCB.0000072797.66873.6A; Ide K, 2000, PROG NEUROBIOL, V61, P397, DOI 10.1016-S0301-0082(99)00057-X; Jahn K, 2004, NEUROIMAGE, V22, P1722, DOI 10.1016-j.neuroimage.2004.05.017; Jeannerod M, 1999, CURR OPIN NEUROBIOL, V9, P735, DOI 10.1016-S0959-4388(99)00038-0; JEANNEROD M, 1994, BEHAV BRAIN SCI, V17, P187; Jeannerod M., 2006, MOTOR COGNITION WHAT; JENKINS IH, 1994, J NEUROSCI, V14, P3775; Johnson SH, 2002, NEUROIMAGE, V17, P1693, DOI 10.1006-nimg.2002.1265; Kosslyn SM, 2001, NAT REV NEUROSCI, V2, P635, DOI 10.1038-35090055; Kuo AD, 2005, EXERC SPORT SCI REV, V33, P88, DOI 10.1097-00003677-200504000-00006; Lotze M, 1999, J COGNITIVE NEUROSCI, V11, P491, DOI 10.1162-089892999563553; Luft AR, 1998, HUM BRAIN MAPP, V6, P105, DOI 10.1002-(SICI)1097-0193(1998)6:2105::AID-HBM33.0.CO;2-7; Nair DG, 2003, COGNITIVE BRAIN RES, V15, P250, DOI 10.1016-S0926-6410(02)00197-0; Oullier O, 2005, CEREB CORTEX, V15, P975, DOI 10.1093-cercor-bhh198; Porro CA, 1996, J NEUROSCI, V16, P7688; Porro CA, 2000, EUR J NEUROSCI, V12, P3059, DOI 10.1046-j.1460-9568.2000.00182.x; Raichle ME, 2001, P NATL ACAD SCI USA, V98, P676, DOI 10.1073-pnas.98.2.676; RAO SM, 1993, NEUROLOGY, V43, P2311; RAVIZZA K, 1977, J HUMANIST PSYCHOL, V17, P35; Roth Muriel, 1996, Neuroreport, V7, P1280, DOI 10.1097-00001756-199605170-00012; Sahyoun C, 2004, NEUROIMAGE, V21, P568, DOI 10.1016-j.neuroimaging.2003.09.065; Schacter DL, 1998, NEUROBIOL LEARN MEM, V70, P284, DOI 10.1006-nlme.1998.3854; Sharma N, 2006, STROKE, V37, P1941, DOI 10.1161-01.STR.0000226902.43357.fc; SOKOLOFF L, 1992, PROG BRAIN RES, V94, P19; SOKOLOFF L, 1991, ADV EXP MED BIOL, V291, P21; SQUIRE LR, 1992, PSYCHOL REV, V99, P195, DOI 10.1037-0033-295X.99.2.195; STEPHAN KM, 1995, J NEUROPHYSIOL, V73, P373; SZAMEITAT AJ, 2006, NEUROIMAGE, V34, P702; Tashiro M, 2001, J SPORT MED PHYS FIT, V41, P11; Vissing J, 1996, J CEREBR BLOOD F MET, V16, P729; Wulf G, 2001, PSYCHON B REV, V8, P648, DOI 10.3758-BF0319620124232
