1,720,960 research outputs found
Opportunities and challenges for silvopastoral systems in the Subtropical and Temperate zones of South America
No full textThe aim of this chapter is to synthesize the features of silvopastoral system research and practices presented in the previous chapters. Also, based on the analysis of the various systems presented so far, there are recommendations on future research and policy to promote silvopastoral systems in the region, and thus capitalize on the various opportunities and benefits that these productive systems provide.Fil: Peri, Pablo Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Dube, Francis. No especifica;Fil: Costa Varella, Alexandre. No especifica
Silvopastoral Systems in Southern South America
No full textThis multi-authored volume contains peer-reviewed chapters from leading researchers and professionals in silvopastoral systems topic in the subtropical and temperate zones of South America (Argentina, Chile and South Brazil). It is a compendium of original research articles, case studies, and regional overviews and summarizes the current state of knowledge on different components and aspects (pasture production, animal production, trees production, carbon sequestration, conservation) of silvopatoral systems in native forests and tree plantations. The main hypothesis of the book is that farmers have integrated tree and pasture/grassland species in their land use systems to reach higher production per unit of land area, risk avoidance, product diversifi cation, and sustainability. These production systems also impact positively in main ecosystem processes. Management of these productive systems, Policy and Socioeconomic Aspects provide great opportunities and challenges for farmers and policy makers in our region. The book is unique on this subject in Southern South America and constitutes a valuable reference material for graduate students, professors, scientists and extensionists who work with silvopastoral systems.EEA Santa CruzFil: Peri, Pablo Luis. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Santa Cruz; Argentina.Fil: Peri, Pablo Luis. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral; Argentina.Fil: Peri, Pablo Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina.Fil: Dube, Francis. University of Concepción. Faculty of Forest Sciences. Department of Silviculture; Chile.Fil: Costa Varella, Alexandre. Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation (EMBRAPA). South Livestock Center (CPPSUL); Brasil
Silvopastoral systems in the subtropical and temperate zones of South America: An overview
No full textIn the subtropical and temperate zones of South America (Argentina, Chile and Southern Brazil), silvopastoral systems have become an economical, ecological and productive alternative. These systems incorporate exotic tree species or managed native forests into farming systems allowing the production of trees and livestock from the same unit of land. This provides diversification of farm income, either directly from the sale of timber and animals, and/or indirectly by the provision of stock shelter and beneficial effects on soil conservation. Thus, these systems can be more biologically productive, profitable and sustainable than forestry or animal production monocultures. However, livestock grazing is one of the most widespread land uses in South America and is arguably the land use that has had the greatest impact on regional biodiversity. This multi-authored book is a compendium of original research articles, case studies, and regional overviews that summarizes the current state of knowledge on different components and aspects (pasture, animal and trees productions, carbon sequestration, and conservation) of silvopastoral systems in native forests and tree plantations.Fil: Peri, Pablo Luis. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de la Patagonia Austral; Argentina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria; ArgentinaFil: Dube, Francis. Universidad de Concepción; ChileFil: Varella, Alexandre. Ministerio da Agricultura Pecuaria e Abastecimento de Brasil. Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria; Brasi
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Silvopastoral Systems Developed in Misiones and Corrientes, Argentina
No full textThe proper use of the environment, in natural or transformed systems, is a global issue and the most popular approach to its achievement is the development of diversified and environmentally friendly systems because they adopt adequate measures for its protection. In this sense, Silvopastoral Systems (SPS) combine trees and animal production in the same area in order to diversify and improve productivity in an environmentally friendly manner. This leads to cattle products and timber and non-timber forest products. The region that includes the province of Misiones and Corrientes in Argentina is rich in Guaraní history due to the presence of the Jesuit Order (1586), who developed agroforestry systems with native forests in those communities. In both provinces the climate is defined as subtropical with frosts and a regular rainfall pattern; it is characterizes by production diversification and yerba mate is an iconic crop. Forestry development is the most important in the country and SPSs currently take up around 100,000 ha (247,000 acres) in both provinces. They were particularly promoted in the past two decades following the results obtained in applied research and the transfer of technologies to the productive sector by the INTA (National Institute of Agricultural Technology), the Regional Consortia of Agricultural Experimentation, national and provincial agencies and other organizations of farmers. The information available about SPSs is presented, with reference to the production persistence of the forage component - grassland and pastures with an emphasis on the adaptation of C4 forage species, improvement of their nutritive quality, effect of shade on soil fertility and cattle receptivity. With reference to the forest component, the recommended species are listed, with densities, spacing and management. The quality of the timber produced at the SPSs is analyzed through appearance grading, specifically for remanufacturing purposes (Factory grade), modulus of elasticity (MOE) and microfibril angle (MFA). The physical and mechanical properties of low density plantations (SPSs) were identified as significantly higher than in the intensive forestry system. Various methodologies are presented as applied to the economic and financial analysis of SPSs, like planning and management tools. The business limitations to the adoption of SPSs in both provinces include the capital investment required and, in the case of Misiones, the small size of the farms. The impact of SPSs is promising at a social level (higher income for the farms and genuine job generation), for the environment (sustainability of the resources), and for the economy of the territories (generation of products with a current or future differential value and efficient use of resources).EEA MontecarloFil: Lacorte, Santiago María. Consultor privado; Misiones; ArgentinaFil: Barth, Sara Regina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Montecarlo; ArgentinaFil: Colcombet, Luis. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Montecarlo; ArgentinaFil: Crechi, Ernesto Hector. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Montecarlo; ArgentinaFil: Esquivel, Jorge. Consultor privado; Misiones; ArgentinaFil: Fassola, Hugo Enrique. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Montecarlo; ArgentinaFil: Goldfarb, Maria Cristina. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Corrientes; ArgentinaFil: Pezzuti, Raúl. Forestal Bosques del Plata S.A.; ArgentinaFil: Videla, Daniel. Universidad Nacional de Misiones. Facultad de Ciencias Forestales; ArgentinaFil: Winck, Rosa Angela. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Montecarlo; Argentin
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