133,416 research outputs found
Riforma e problematiche della portualita'
No full textL’analisi effettuata nel capitolo, la cui redazione è stata coordinata da F. Munari, muove dagli scenari globali, europei e nazionali sui mercati e i flussi di traffico caratterizzanti il trasporto marittimo e porti (par. 1, redatto da L. Antonellini e P. Costa). Tali scenari vengono confrontati sia coi documenti programmatici del Governo (il Piano Strategico Nazionale sui Porti e la Logistica, l’Allegato Infrastrutture 2017 al DEF), sia con le norme adottate a livello nazionale (d.lgs. n. 169/2016 di riforma della l. n. 84/1994) ed europeo (Regolamento 352/2017), evidenziandone gli elementi positivi e le criticità (par. 2 di L. Antonellini e F. Munari; par. 4 di F. Munari; par. 5 di P. Costa). Sulla riforma portuale, pur dando atto delle buone intenzioni del legislatore, il rapporto evidenzia ritardi e imperfezioni attuative, che potrebbero pregiudicarne le potenzialità e dovrebbero quindi essere rimediate quanto prima (par. 2 di L. Antonellini e F. Munari e par. 4 di F. Munari). Particolare attenzione viene quindi rivolta alla pianificazione e alle modalità di scelta di finanziamento delle dotazioni infrastrutturali (par. 3 e 5 redatti rispettivamente da P. Spirito e P. Costa): con taluni distinguo anche rispetto agli interventi da compiere, si sottolinea l’assoluta necessità di criteri e metodologie obiettive e credibili nella selezione degli interventi infrastrutturali, tanto più considerati (a) i vincoli di finanza pubblica e l’esigenza di non disperdere risorse e tempi con (annunci di) interventi «a pioggia» e non ancorati ad alcun disegno strategico né sistemico e (b) la circostanza che le non-scelte risultano ulteriormente penalizzanti nel contesto globale dove altri si muovono invece rapidamente. Presupposti comunque necessari per una politica degli investimenti in infrastrutture portuali e logistiche appaiono, da un lato, una valutazione ex ante delle loro ricadute al servizio di una policy non limitata ai porti, bensì funzionale all’intera catena logistica, agli stessi centri produttivi del Paese, e ai flussi prospettici dei grandi traffici globali; dall’altro lato, una visione strategica degli investimenti da compiersi, in due direzioni: (a) svincolarsi da logiche prevalentemente conservative e al massimo migliorative di infrastrutture esistenti (molte delle quali comunque inadeguate a sostenere nel lungo periodo una presenza importante del nostro Paese nella catena produttiva e logistica globale); (b) puntare su obiettivi di eccellenza e di ampio respiro, capaci di segnare una discontinuità rispetto alle inadeguatezze del nostro sistema infrastrutturale, a costo di operare scelte selettive marcate. Ciò non significa puntare esclusivamente a intercettare progetti globali, come lo One Belt One Road, ma sviluppare anche la posizione mediterranea del nostro Paese e la vocazione dell’Italia a porsi come punto di riferimento per il Nord Africa e il Medio Oriente
Costa, L P, 55170
No full textThis record was harvested from a previous catalogue system and will be withdrawn in 2025. Information in this record may be superseded or incomplete. Visit this record in UMA's new catalogue at: https://archives.library.unimelb.edu.au/nodes/view/378955Surname: COSTA
Given Name(s) or Initials: L P
Military Service Number or Last Known Location: 55170
Missing, Wounded and Prisoner of War Enquiry Card Index Number: SEA-3427192767
Item: [2016.0049.11248] "Costa, L P, 55170
Novedades en Pteris L. (Pteridaceae) para Costa Rica
No full textDos especies de Pteris L. para Costa Rica se describen aquí. Pteris arbelaeziana A. Rojas que difiere de P. muricatopedata A. Arbeláez porque tiene esca-mas del rizoma y estípite más largas, hoja pinnada y distribuido a elevaciones superiores. Pteris caridadae Testo & J. E. Watkins difiere de Pteris livida Mett. por sus escamas del rizoma y estípite más estrechas, las escamas del estípite densamente cubriéndolo todo, pinnas basales bifurcadas con la pinna basiscópica más pequeña y pinna apical más corta en relación con las laterales.Novelties in Pteris L. (Pteridaceae) from Costa Rica Two species of Pteris L. from Costa Rica is described here. Pteris arbelaezianaA. Rojas that differs from P. muricatopedata A. Arbeláez because it has longer rhizome and stipe scales, pinnate blade and distributed at high elevations. Pteris caridadiaeTesto & J. E. Watkins differs from Pteris livida Mett. by its narrower rhizome and stipe scales, the stipe scales densely covering throughout, basal pinnae bifurcate with smaller basiscopic pinna and shorter apical pinna in relation with lateral ones.Universidad Nacional, Costa RicaEscuela de Ciencias Biológica
Incidence and risk factors for cognitive impairment in rural elderly populations in Costa Rica
No full textRisk factors for the onset of cognitive impairment in Costa Rica are not well understood, despite a substantial elderly population stemming from a higher than average life expectancy for the western hemisphere. To investigate the risk factors that predict the onset of cognitive impairment in the rural elderly of Costa Rica, a modified version of the Mini Mental State Exam—designed for illiterate populations—was administered to 90 elderly inhabitants of San Carlos, Alajuela, Costa Rica between April and May of 2011. Subsequently, each participant took a structured interview assessing viability of risk factors and behaviors potentially contributing to a diagnosis of cognitive impairment. Results showed strong dependencies between age (p=0.0001), education level (p=0.0095), the ability to read (p=0.0001) and write (p=0.0153), frequency of reading (p=0.0011), use of puzzles and mind games (p<0.0001), vocation (p=0.0225), area of residence (p<0.0001), comorbid mental diseases (p=0.0005), history of stroke or brain trauma (p=0.0104), urinary or renal problems (p=0.0443), consistent cooking practices (p=0.0262) and number of living companions (p=0.0299) in susceptibility for developing cognitive impairment. The study concluded that high intellectual use, or lack thereof, during the lifetime of a person was a predictor for cognitive status later in life. In addition, comorbid mental disorders, including neurological trauma due to stroke, impeded normal cognitive function. Future research should examine incidence and risk factors of cognitive impairment in urban, more educated populations. Jeffrey L. Nadel Diana UlateAssociated Colleges of the Midwest, San Pedro Montes de Oca, Costa Rica; [email protected], [email protected]
Influenza della sindrome metabolica sul raggiungimento della "minimal disease activity" e delle sue componenti in pazienti con artrite psoriasica in terapia con inibitori del TNF-alpha.
No full textIntroduction: Psoriatic arthritis (PsA) is a chronic inflammatory arthropathy associated with skin and/or nail psoriasis. Several studies have shown a high prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) in PsA patients.
Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of MetS on the achievement of minimal disease activity (MDA) and its components in PsA patients in therapy with inhibitors of TNF-alpha with a follow-up period of 24 months.
Patients and Methods: A cohort of PsA patients, classified on the basis of CASPAR criteria, was assessed at the University of Padova and at University Federico II of Naples. Inclusion criteria were both sexes, age > 18 years, starting therapy with anti-TNF-alpha, stable medical conditions and no rheumatic diseases other than PsA. Exclusion criteria were previous use of biologic therapy and concomitant use of steroids.
Patients' data were collected at baseline (T0), and after 12 months (T1) and 24 months (T2) of therapy.
Assessment of metabolic and disease activity parameters was performed at each visit. The NCEP-ACT III criteria were used to identify subjects with MetS and the MDA criteria to evaluate the disease activity.
Results: On the basis of the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 330 subjects were included in the study. One hundred and ninety-six patients (59.3 %) were classified as having MetS.
After 24 months of treatment, 157 patients (47.8%) out of 330 achieved MDA. Among patients not achieving MDA, 134 (77.4 %) had MetS.
Univariate analysis indicated that patients with metabolic syndrome were less likely
to achieve MDA than patients without metabolic syndrome (OR 0.45, p < 0.001).
This inverse association remained statistically significant in the multivariate regression model (OR 0.56, p < 0.001). Longer duration of PsA was associated with lower probability of achieving MDA both in univariate (OR 0.98, p = 0.027) and multivariate models (OR 0.98, p = 0.012), while BMI was significantly associate only in the univariate model (OR 1.30, p = 0.029).
In addition, among MetS components, plasma glucose concentration (> 110 mg / dl) was associated with lower probability of achieving MDA both in univariate analysis (OR 0.48, p = 0.000) and multivariate (OR 0.59, p < 0.001). Instead, waist circumference (OR 0.979, p = 0.000), serum concentrations of HDL-C (OR 1.021, p = 0.000) and triglycerides (OR 0.993, p = 0.000) were significantly associated only in univariate analysis.
The presence of metabolic syndrome was found to be associated with a lower probability of achieving MDA in the following domains: tender joint count (OR 0.63, p = 0.015), swollen joint count (OR 0.42, p <0.001), tender entheseal count (OR 0.73, p = 0.007), PASI (Psoriasis Area Severity Index) (OR 0:51, p <0.001) and HAQ (Health Assessment Questionnaire) (OR 0.66, p = 0.015).
Conclusions: The results of this study indicate that metabolic syndrome is associated with a lower probability of achieving MDA in PsA patients in therapy with anti-TNF-alpha.
Probably a major reason of this result is related to the increased secretion of adipokines. In subjects with metabolic syndrome, these factors contribute to the development of a pro-inflammatory state, increasing the synthesis and the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, in particular interleukin-6 and TNF-alpha, whose role is well established in the pathogenesis of PsA
Catálogo revisado y anotado de las Orchidaceae de Costa Rica
No full textSe presenta una compilación actualizada de todas las especies de orquídeas (Orchidaceae) conocidas en Costa Rica y documentadas por un testigo citado en el texto. Las especies se presentan en orden alfabético. Para cada especie se incluyen los sinónimos aceptados, los nombres usados en tratamientos anteriores y sus re- ferencias bibliográficas. Para algunos táxones se proporcionan también breves observaciones taxonómicas. La sinopsis incluye 1360 especies en 180 géneros; 287 especies son informes nuevos con respecto a listas ante- riores. Las especies endémicas de Costa Rica representan el 26% del total de las especies comunicadas. Se pro- ponen la nueva combinación Echinella vittata y el nuevo nombre Stelis megachlamys. A c o m p l e t e c o m p i l a t i o n o f a l l c u r r e n t l y r e c o g n i z e d s p e c i e s o f o r c h i d s ( O r c h i d a c e a e ) k n o w n f r o m Costa Rica, and documented by a voucher specimen cited in the text, is presented. Species are listed in alphabeti- cal order. For each especies the accepted synonyms and species names used in older treatments are included, together with bibliographical references. For some of the critical taxa brief taxonomic observations are given. The synopsis includes 1360 species in 180 genera, of which 287 species are recently described or were not reported in earlier studies. The species endemic to Costa Rica represent 26% of the reported species. The new combination Echinella vittata and the new name Stelis megachlamys are proposed.
Population fluctuations of Ropalomera Wiedemann (Diptera: Ropalomeridae) in Costa Rica
No full textSe estudiaron las fluctuaciones poblacionales de moscas adultas (Ropalomera) con trampas Mc Phail cebadas con Torula en plantaciones de mango durante 12 meses (Julio 1985 a Julio 1986). En Cañas se capturó la mayor cantidad de adultos en febrero (N=147), en Orotina en abril (N=99), en Nicoya en febrero (N=56) y en Buenos Aires en abril (N=29). La población más abundante a lo largo del año se localiza en el Pacífico Seco (Cañas). Se informa por primera vez la presencia de este género en Costa RicaJirón, L. F. & M. E. Barquero. 1983. Index of Entomological Publications of Costa Rica. Publ. OTS/CONICIT, San José, Costa Rica. 308 p. Prado, A. P. 1963. Primera contribuçao ao conhecimento da familia Ropalomeridae (Diptera). Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz 61: 459-470. Prado, A. P. 1966. Segunda contribuçao ao conhecimento da familia Ropalomeridae (Diptera, Aealyptratae). Studia Ent. 8: 209-268. Steyskal, G. C. 1967. A catalogue of the Diptera of the Americas South of the United States. Fam. Ropalomeridae. Dept. Zool. Secr. Agric. S. Paulo. 60: 1-7. Spishakoff, M. L. & D. L Hernández. 1968. Dried Torula yeast as a substitute for brewer's yeast in the larval rearing medium for the Mexican fruit fly. Journ. Econ. Entomol. 61: 859-860
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