1,721,079 research outputs found
The Importance of Being Onset: Tuscan Lenition and Stops in Coda Position
No full textThis paper examines Gorgia Toscana (GT), a phenomenon of stop lenition observed in Tuscan varieties of Italian. Traditionally, this process has been understood to occur in post-vocalic positions, which, in the native lexicon, corresponds to onset position due to the absence of stops in syllable codas in Italian, apart from geminate consonants that straddle the coda and onset of adjacent syllables. However, stops in coda positions are found in both loanwords (e.g., admin, Batman) and bookwords (e.g., ritmo, tecnica). Drawing on original acoustic data collected from 42 native speakers of Florentine Italian, we investigated the realization of stops in such lexical items through allophonic classification and quantitative analysis. Our primary aim was to test the Onset Hypothesis, which posits that Gorgia exclusively affects stops in onset positions, implying that coda stops should not undergo lenition. Our findings support this hypothesis. We provide a phonological analysis within the frameworks of Strict CV and Coda Mirror, emphasizing the importance of syllable structure in understanding the manifestation of Gorgia Toscana, which we argue cannot be adequately captured solely by considering the linear order of segments
Variabilità nel numero di paragnati in popolazioni diHediste diversicolor(Polychaeta, Nereididae) del Mediterraneo occidentale
Full text linkCon il presente lavoro è stata analizzata la variabilità nel numero di paragnati (dentelli chitinosi) presenti sul faringe del polichete di ambienti salmastriHediste diversicolor. Il faringe è classicamente suddiviso in 7 zone distribuite in una cintura mascellare (I-IV) e una orale (V-VII+VIII). L'assenza di paragnati nella zona V è uno dei caratteri diagnostici diH. diversicolor. Sono stati raccolti 30 individui in ciascuna delle seguenti località: 1) Fiume Morto e 2) Coltano (Toscana nord occidentale), 3) Migliacciaru (Corsica orientale), 4) Baia di Figari (Corsica sud occidentale) e 5) Stagno di Calich (Sardegna nord occidentale). Il conteggio dei paragnati è stato effettuato allo stereomicroscopio su individui fissati in etanolo al 70%. Per tutte le zone del faringe è stata rilevata una notevole variabilità tra le popolazioni che è risultata significativa mediante ANOVA (tutti i valori di P<0.001). Le due popolazioni corse sono caratterizzate da un numero di paragnati superiore rispetto alle altre e la popolazione di Migliacciaru è risultata più asimmetrica rispetto alle altre. L'ANOVA delle misure di asimmetria (|IIsx-IIdx|, |IVsx-IVdx| e |VIsx-VIdx|) ha dato differenziazione significativa tra le popolazioni solo per le zone II e IV. Data la funzione che i paragnati svolgono nell'alimentazione diH. diversicolor, le differenze osservate tra le popolazioni suggeriscono che esse sono localmente adattate a condizioni trofiche peculiari
FIGURE 1 in A reappraisal of the monophyly of the genus Pseudomonocelis Meixner, 1943 (Platyhelminthes: Proseriata), with the description of a new species from the Mediterranean
No full textFIGURE 1. Pseudomonocelis paupercula nov. sp. A: general appearance; B–D: sagittal reconstructions of the post-pharyngeal regions (B), copulatory organ (C); female genital organ and muscular organ (D). Abbreviations: b: bursa; co: copulatory organ; fd: female duct; fg: female glands; fp: female pore; gl: gut lumen; m: mouth; mo: muscular organ; mop: muscular organ pore; mp: male pore; ov: ovaria; pg: prostatic glands; ph: pharynx; rg: rhabdoid glands; s: stylet; st: statocyst; t: testes; v: vitellaria; vd: vitelloduct.Published as part of Casu, Marco, Cossu, Piero, Sanna, Daria, Lai, Tiziana, Scarpa, Fabio & Curini-Galletti, Marco, 2011, A reappraisal of the monophyly of the genus Pseudomonocelis Meixner, 1943 (Platyhelminthes: Proseriata), with the description of a new species from the Mediterranean, pp. 59-68 in Zootaxa 3011 on page 63, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.20275
The existence of cryptic species in Monocelis lineata (Rhabditophora: Proseriata) assessed by inter-simple sequence repeat and allozyme analysis
No full textUso di geminate species per la calibrazione dell’orologio molecolare in Platelminti marini
No full text
First record of Esox cisalpinus (Teleostea: Esocidae) in Sardinia with insight on its mitochondrial DNA genetic variability
No full textEsox cisalpinus (Teleostea: Esocidae) (syn. Esox flaviae) is an Italian freshwater autochthonous fish, whose originary range is limited to the Northern and Central Italy. However, this species has historically been introduced in several areas of Southern Italy, mainly for recreational purposes. In this paper we report the first record of E. cisalpinus on the Sardinia island (Western Mediterranean, Italy), where the species has been recently introduced at least in one lake. The species identification and the population dynamics analysis were performed using mitochondrial markers. The level of genetic variability, compared to those of other peninsular populations of E. cisalpinus, was surprisingly high, and several never-before-described haplotypes were found. A total of 10 mtDNA haplotypes were found. Demographic analysis is suggestive of a population expansion. We hypothesise that E. cisalpinus has been introduced in the Sardinian lake by the releasing of a conspicuous number of individuals. Given the conservational and recreational interest that E. cisalpinus arouses, it would be advisable that Sardinian government focuses in the near future also on management measures of its Sardinian population
An integrative approach to the taxonomy of the pigmented European Pseudomonocelis Meixner, 1943 (Platyhelminthes: Proseriata)
No full textMeiofaunal cryptic species challenge species delimitation: the case of the Monocelis lineata (Platyhelminthes: Proseriata) species complex
Full text linkGiven the pending biodiversity crisis, species delimitation is a
critically important task in conservation biology, but its efficacy
based on single lines of evidence has been questioned as it may
not accurately reflect species limits and relationships. Hence,
the use of multiple lines of evidence has been portrayed as a
means to overcome identification issues arising from gene/
species tree discordance, morphological convergence or recent
adaptive radiations. Here, the integrative taxonomic approach
has been used to address the study of the Monocelis lineata
species complex. The taxonomic resolution of the complex is
challenging, as the species lacks sclerotised copulatory structures,
which as a rule of thumb aid identification in Proseriata.
Eighteen populations, which encompass most of the geographic
range of the complex, were studied using morphology, karyology,
crossbreeding experiments and molecular analysis. These
different markers provided evidence of four (karyology) to
eight (morphology) discrete entities, whereas crossings showed
various degrees of intersterility among the tested populations.
Molecular species delimitation revealed a different number of
candidate species, spanning from five (ABGD and K/θ) to 11
(GMYC). Such incongruences reflect the multifaceted evolutionary
history of M. lineata s.l. and hamper the full taxonomic
resolution of the complex. However, two candidate species were
consistently validated by all of the markers and are described as
new species: Monocelis algicola nov. sp. and M. exquisita nov.
sp. The latter species appear to have a restricted distribution,
and the possibility that meiofaunal taxa may be of conservation
concern is discussed
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