1,721,005 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Immunological aspects of COPD: A new approach to the issue [Aspetti immunologici della BPCO: Un nuovo approccio al problema]
No full textChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world 1. It affects about 10% of the general population, but its prevalence increases considerably among heavy smokers. COPD is the fourth leading cause of death in most industrialized countries, after cardiovascular conditions, cancer and cerebrovascular disease 1. Tobacco smoking is by far the most important risk factor for the development of COPD; but exposure to particle or gases at work or burning biomass fuels for cooking and heating in developing countries have also been implicated. The association between COPD and smoking is not an absolute one. Indeed, COPD can develop in subjects without significant exposure to cigarette smoke or other known irritants. Furthermore, only a proportion of heavy smokers (ranging from 15 to 30%) would develop overt airflow obstruction and symptoms, suggesting that other traits may contribute to disease development. The defining feature of COPD is a limitation to expiratory airflow, typically progressive and not fully reversible, due to remodelling of peripheral airways and destruction of the lung parenchyma. These structural changes are associated with an abnormal inflammatory response in both the small airways and alveolar walls. It is well known that all smokers develop an acute inflammatory reaction, that is the expected response to the burden of irritants present in cigarette smoke. However, in COPD, this process is dramatically amplified; it escapes the normal mechanisms of control and arises independently of cigarette smoke. Indeed, for a given level of smoke exposure, the infiltration of inflammatory cells increases progressively with disease severity and persists for years after cessation of the smoking habit. Recent findings suggest that activation of the immune response could be a key component of COPD pathogenesis, pointing out the involvement of autoimmune mechanisms triggered by cigarette smoking 2
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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