1,721,083 research outputs found

    Role of Pericellular Matrix in the Regulation of Cancer Stemness

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    Cancer stem cells (CSC) are a prominent component of the tumor bulk and extensive research has now identified them as the subpopulation responsible for tumor relapse and resistance to anti-cancer treatments. Surrounding the bulk formed of tumor cells, an extracellular matrix contributes to cancer growth; the main component of the tumor micro-environment is hyaluronan, a large disaccharide forming a molecular network surrounding the cells. The hyaluronan-dependent coat can regulate cell division and motility in cancer progression and metastasis. One of the receptors of hyaluronan is CD44, a surface protein frequently used as a CSC marker. Indeed, tumor cells with high levels of CD44 appear to exhibit CSC properties and are characterized by elevated relapse rate. The CD44-hyaluronan-dependent interactions are Janus-faced: on one side, they have been shown to be crucial in both malignancy and resistance to therapy; on the other, they represent a potential value for future therapies, as disturbing the CD44-hyaluronan axis would not only impair the pericellular matrix but also the subpopulation of self-renewing oncogenic cells. Here, we will review the key roles of HA and CD44 in CSC maintenance and propagation and will show that CSC-like spheroids from a rabdhomyosarcoma cell line, namely RD, have a prominent pericellular coat necessary for sphere formation and for elevated migration. Thus, a better understanding of the hyaluronan-CD44 interactions holds the potential for ameliorating current cancer therapies and eradicating CSC

    Fear for doocing and digital privacy in the workplace: A dual pathway model

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    Little is known about how the fear for doocing and the need for digital privacy manifests at the workplace. We address this knowledge gap with a specific interest in the correlation of fear for doocing with age and gender through an online survey, realized with 119 participants. Results suggest that employees are not always aware of the risk of doocing and they often do not know in specific terms the social networking policies of their organizations. In addition, there is a double effect of employees’ age on the need for digital privacy that is evident in the dual pathway model about the moderated mediation effect. Said in different terms, men and millennials are the employees who feel deeper the need for digital privacy in the workplace, rather than women and older participants

    From antibodies to adiponectin: role of ERp44 in sizing and shaping protein secretion

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    A large fraction of the proteome is synthesized and folded in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), a multifunctional compartment also playing pivotal roles in Ca2+ storage, redox homeostasis and signalling. From the ER, secretory proteins begin their journey towards their final destinations, the organelles of the exocytic and endocytic compartments, the plasma membrane or the extracellular space. Fidelity of protein-based intracellular communication is guaranteed by quality control (QC) mechanisms located at the ER–Golgi interface, which restrict forward transport to native proteins. QC is used also to time or shape the secretome. Furthermore, professional secretory cells face a problem of quantity, as well as quality of their protein products. This essay summarizes recent findings that identify ERp44 as a key regulator of protein secretion, Ca2+ signalling and redox regulation

    Work as a recovery factor after earthquake: a mixed-method study on female workers

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    Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to investigate the reaction of female workers to the earthquake event that shocked the city of L’Aquila in April 2009, with a specific focus on work as a recovery factor. Design/methodology/approach – The selected sample consists of current or former resident women in the affected province of L’Aquila, who participated in a series of focus group discussions on the ability to reconstruct their own professional identity after the earthquake. The focus group seemed to be the perfect instrument for this research, because of its ability to generate a true discussion among a group of people on the research topic of this study. The collected data were analyzed both in terms of metaphors, as well as linguistic agentivity and by automatic content analysis. Findings – From the analysis of the data, emerges the value that adds to the sense of identity continuity for the women in the sample, together with interesting differences between employed and self-employed workers that are characterized by distinct challenges and assurances. In regards to the effects of gender in response to disaster events, the results make a peculiar echo to the studies on public-private space dichotomy developed by Fordham, according to which, during a disaster, women are not allowed to develop work-related desires. For the group of women that the authors interviewed, the challenge to have family focused or work focused desires was clearly evident; they seem predetermined to the above-mentioned dichotomy, valid in both directions: the women who invested in work and have become entrepreneurs seem to have no chance of a private life and, on the contrary, the women who were focused on more traditional family roles seem to have no chance in terms of job opportunities. Originality/value – Based on the authors’ knowledge this is the first time that focus groups are used to assess the value that work had in supporting individual recovery for women in the aftermath of the L’Aquila earthquak
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