1,720,981 research outputs found
The impacts of environmental and climate targets on agriculture: Policy options in Italy
No full textThis study is aimed at proposing a model to assess the economic private costs for farms deriving from the
implementation of some of the environmental targets set by the European Farm to Fork strategy and the
objective of a carbon-neutral agricultural sector, by also evaluating the synergies and trade-offs between
environmental objectives. An agro-economic supply model, based on mathematical programming and
microdata from the Farm Accountancy Data Network, is used. The model is applied to Italian agriculture
as a case study. Results show losses in added value, higher level of resource efficiency and synergies
among different targets. Policy implications include exploiting the synergies and accompanying the
transition with measures aimed at compensating the most impacted sectors
Irrigation water economic value and productivity: An econometric estimation for maize grain production in Italy
No full textClimate change, characterized by rising temperatures and limited precipitation, has intensified the demand for irrigation water while simultaneously restricting its availability. This challenge poses significant risks to agricultural and food production, particularly in the Mediterranean regions where, recently, water deficits have led to substantial production losses and quality issues. Water is a critical determinant of crops' economic viability, especially for water-intensive crops, making it essential to estimate its economic relevance, especially in the absence of reliable water market prices. This study has two primary objectives: first, to evaluate the shadow price of irrigation water for maize grain at the farm level, which is defined as the value generated by the marginal unit of water consumed; and second, to analyse its heterogeneity. Leveraging a Farm Accountancy Data Network (FADN) panel of 1625 Italian farms over a decade (2010–2020), an econometric production function approach is employed. Moreover, quantile regressions reveal variations in the shadow price linked to geographical, managerial, and structural farm characteristics. Our findings underscore water's key role in economically viable maize grain production, significantly enhancing the productivity of other inputs like fertilizers and pesticides. The average shadow price is 0.29 €/m3, with a median of 0.20 €/m3 and water total productivity accounts for one-third of maize's average gross output. Quantile regressions uncover how factors like geographic location, altitude, farm management, irrigation water source, and farm size influence the distribution of water productivity, reflecting either efficient use or scarcity of this resource. Our estimation provides valuable insights for policymakers by offering accurate shadow price estimates for irrigation water in Italian maize grain production. Furthermore, it enhances our understanding of irrigation water's role in the economic viability of this crop, while contributing to support evidence-based water management strategies, identifying vulnerable areas and farms and allowing for future methodological developments
Una valutazione dell'impatto economcio dei cambiamenti climatici tramite un modello di programmazione stocastica discreta a tre stadi
No full textUna valutazione dell'impatto economico dei cambiamenti climatici tramite un modello di programmazione a 3 stadi
No full textI cambiamenti climatici nel settore agricolo agiscono su più variabili atmosferiche e in
momenti diversi dei vari cicli colturali. Modificano il livello medio delle variabili
(precipitazioni, temperature, ecc.) e, spesso allo stesso tempo, cambiano la distribuzione
degli eventi. Questo lavoro propone una valutazione dell’impatto economico dovuto ai
cambiamenti di più eventi e all’incertezza che vi si associa. A questo scopo si estende
un classico modello di Programmazione Stocastica Discreta a due stadi, trasformandolo
in un sistema a tre stadi. Il modello è specificato per un’area della Sardegna. Esamina
l’impatto dei cambiamenti climatici sia sulle pioggie e, quindi, sulla disponibilità idrica
per l’agricoltura, sia sulle temperature massime e, quindi, sui fabbisogni irrigui di
alcune colture rilevanti per l’economia agricola dell’area. Questi ultimi sono stimati con
il modello EPIC. L’effetto dei cambiamenti climatici è ottenuto confrontando i risultati
di scenari che rappresentano le condizioni climatiche nella situazione attuale e in quella
futura, ottenuta proiettando al 2015 le tendenze climatiche degli ultimi cinquanta anni. I
risultati mostrano che nel suo complesso l’area agricola si adatta con un costo alquanto
ridotto, cambiando ordinamenti e tecniche colturali. Questo costo, invece, è molto alto
per alcune tipologie aziendali che soffrono una notevole riduzione dei redditi. Aumenta
anche lo sfruttamento delle risorse naturali, in particolare dell’acqua di falda. L’impatto
economico di questi cambiamenti si deve prevalentemente alla diminuzione nella
disponibilità idrica futura che va quindi considerato come il fattore cruciale per adattarsi
ai cambiamenti climatici. Gli effetti dell’aumento della temperatura possono essere,
infatti, compensati dal maggiore impiego della risorsa idric
Una valutazione dell'impatto economico dei cambiamenti climatici tramite un modello di programmazione a 3 stadi
No full textI cambiamenti climatici nel settore agricolo agiscono su più variabili atmosferiche e in
momenti diversi dei vari cicli colturali. Modificano il livello medio delle variabili
(precipitazioni, temperature, ecc.) e, spesso allo stesso tempo, cambiano la distribuzione
degli eventi. Questo lavoro propone una valutazione dell’impatto economico dovuto ai
cambiamenti di più eventi e all’incertezza che vi si associa. A questo scopo si estende
un classico modello di Programmazione Stocastica Discreta a due stadi, trasformandolo
in un sistema a tre stadi. Il modello è specificato per un’area della Sardegna. Esamina
l’impatto dei cambiamenti climatici sia sulle pioggie e, quindi, sulla disponibilità idrica
per l’agricoltura, sia sulle temperature massime e, quindi, sui fabbisogni irrigui di
alcune colture rilevanti per l’economia agricola dell’area. Questi ultimi sono stimati con
il modello EPIC. L’effetto dei cambiamenti climatici è ottenuto confrontando i risultati
di scenari che rappresentano le condizioni climatiche nella situazione attuale e in quella
futura, ottenuta proiettando al 2015 le tendenze climatiche degli ultimi cinquanta anni. I
risultati mostrano che nel suo complesso l’area agricola si adatta con un costo alquanto
ridotto, cambiando ordinamenti e tecniche colturali. Questo costo, invece, è molto alto
per alcune tipologie aziendali che soffrono una notevole riduzione dei redditi. Aumenta
anche lo sfruttamento delle risorse naturali, in particolare dell’acqua di falda. L’impatto
economico di questi cambiamenti si deve prevalentemente alla diminuzione nella
disponibilità idrica futura che va quindi considerato come il fattore cruciale per adattarsi
ai cambiamenti climatici. Gli effetti dell’aumento della temperatura possono essere,
infatti, compensati dal maggiore impiego della risorsa idric
An evaluation of the economic impact of Climate Change through a three-stages Discrete Stochastic Programming model
No full textThe climate change in the agricultural sector acting on multiple weather variables at different times
of the various crop cycles. In several cases by changing the mean level of variables (rainfall,
temperature, etc..), in other cases by changing the distribution of events. This work provides an
evaluation of the economic impact due to changes in multiple events, and to the associated
uncertainty. For this reason, a classical two-stage stochastic programming model was extend into a
three-stages model. The model is specified for an area of Sardinia, and examines the impact of
climate change on rainfall and hence on the availability of water for agriculture, and on maximum
temperatures and, therefore, on the requirements of some irrigated crops relevant to the agricultural
economy of the area. The effect of climate change is obtained by comparing the results of scenarios
that represent the climatic conditions in the current situation and in the future, obtained by
projecting to 2015 the climate trends of the last fifty years. The results show that the agricultural
sector of the area adapt itself with a low cost by use of land and cultural practices. This cost,
however, is very high for some farms that suffer a significant reduction of the income. There is also
an increase of the use of natural resources, in particularly groundwater. The economic impact of
these changes is due primarily to the decreased of water availability in the future. The availability of
water becomes the crucial factor to adapting to climate change, because the effects of temperature
can be compensate by increased the use of water resources
An evaluation of the economic impact of Climate Change through a three-stages Discrete Stochastic Programming model
No full textThe climate change in the agricultural sector acting on multiple weather variables at different times
of the various crop cycles. In several cases by changing the mean level of variables (rainfall,
temperature, etc..), in other cases by changing the distribution of events. This work provides an
evaluation of the economic impact due to changes in multiple events, and to the associated
uncertainty. For this reason, a classical two-stage stochastic programming model was extend into a
three-stages model. The model is specified for an area of Sardinia, and examines the impact of
climate change on rainfall and hence on the availability of water for agriculture, and on maximum
temperatures and, therefore, on the requirements of some irrigated crops relevant to the agricultural
economy of the area. The effect of climate change is obtained by comparing the results of scenarios
that represent the climatic conditions in the current situation and in the future, obtained by
projecting to 2015 the climate trends of the last fifty years. The results show that the agricultural
sector of the area adapt itself with a low cost by use of land and cultural practices. This cost,
however, is very high for some farms that suffer a significant reduction of the income. There is also
an increase of the use of natural resources, in particularly groundwater. The economic impact of
these changes is due primarily to the decreased of water availability in the future. The availability of
water becomes the crucial factor to adapting to climate change, because the effects of temperature
can be compensate by increased the use of water resources
Una valutazione dell'impatto economcio dei cambiamenti climatici tramite un modello di programmazione stocastica discreta a tre stadi
No full textValutare l’impatto economico e produttivo dei cambiamenti climatici in una zona di agricoltura irrigua mediterranea soggetta a scarsità idrica
No full textEvaluating productive and economic impacts of climate change variability on the farm sector of an irrigated Mediterranean area
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