1,721,123 research outputs found
Transformative power of (EU) law... tema con variazioni, in J.J. Lopez Piernas, The transformative power of EU Law
No full textIl contributo, parte del progetto di ricerca TEULP presso l'Università di Murcia, affronta il tema del potere trasformativo del diritto dell'Unione Europea esaminandolo attraverso due diverse prospettive teoriche: quella formale proposta da Poul Kjaer e quella sostanziale o "strumentalista trasformativa" di Ioannis Kampourakis.
L'autore applica queste due visioni a due aree specifiche del diritto UE: la disciplina sui diritti delle persone con disabilità e il divieto di espulsioni collettive di stranieri. Nell'analizzare l'effettiva capacità trasformativa del diritto UE in questi ambiti, emergono dubbi sulla sua reale efficacia nel migliorare le condizioni di vita degli individui, nonostante gli obiettivi dichiarati.
Vengono evidenziate le potenziali limitazioni delle concezioni di "diritto trasformativo" formale di Kjaer, basata sull'autoregolamentazione dei sottosistemi sociali, e sostanziale di Kampourakis, legata alla mobilitazione democratica dal basso.
L'autore conclude sottolineando l'importanza di una visione d'insieme dei problemi sociali interconnessi e della complessità del contesto, per evitare derive regressive e garantire il ruolo trasformativo positivo del diritto europeo.
**EN**
The contribution, part of the TEULP research project at the University of Murcia, addresses the issue of the transformative power of European Union law by examining it through two different theoretical perspectives: the formal one proposed by Poul Kjaer and the substantive or “transformative instrumentalist” one by Ioannis Kampourakis. The author applies these two visions to two specific areas of EU law: the regulation of the rights of persons with disabilities and the prohibition of collective expulsions of foreigners. In analyzing the actual transformative capacity of EU law in these areas, doubts arise as to its real effectiveness in improving the living conditions of individuals, despite its stated objectives. The potential limitations of Kjaer's formal conception of “transformative law,” based on the self-regulation of social subsystems, and Kampourakis's substantive conception, linked to grassroots democratic mobilization, are highlighted. The author concludes by emphasizing the importance of an overarching view of interconnected social problems and of the complexity of the context, in order to avoid regressive drifts and ensure the positive transformative role of European law
Laudatio di Antonio Tizzano, in B. Cortese, a cura di, Il diritto dell’Unione europea nei rapporti tra ordinamenti: tra collaborazione, integrazione e identità - Rivista “Quaderni AISDUE” – fasc. spec. n. 1/2024, pp. 33-38
No full textLa laudatio esamina il percorso accademico e professionale di Antonio Tizzano, con particolare attenzione al suo ruolo cruciale presso la Corte di Giustizia dell'Unione Europea come Avvocato Generale (2000-2006) e Giudice (2006-2018). Vengono evidenziati i suoi contributi determinanti allo sviluppo della giurisprudenza della Corte, sia attraverso le sue incisive conclusioni come Avvocato Generale su questioni istituzionali/costituzionali e di cittadinanza dell'Unione, sia come Giudice Relatore in cause chiave riguardanti l'autonomia e l'effettività dell'ordinamento giuridico dell'UE.
La laudatio segnala ovviamente anche il contributo scientifico del Prof. Tizzano, fedele servitore della comunità del diritto dell'Unione Europea, a cui ha dedicato tutta la sua lunga vita di studioso.
La laudatio sottolinea anche i legami di Tizzano con l'Università di Padova e la sua scuola giuridica, mettendoli in relazione con il ruolo di Padova nello sviluppo dell'integrazione europea attraverso figure come Trabucchi, La Pergola e le scuole di Quadri e Arangio-Ruiz. Il conferimento del dottorato ad honorem a Tizzano è visto come un riconoscimento alla comunità scientifica italiana del diritto dell'UE
Introduzione: Il diritto dell’Unione europea nei rapporti tra ordinamenti: tra collaborazione, integrazione e identità
No full textIntroduzione al fascicolo speciale contenente gli studi originati dal V Convegno Annuale AISDUE dedicato a "Il diritto dell’Unione europea nei rapporti tra ordinamenti: tra collaborazione, integrazione e identità".
Vengono presentati i contributi raccolti nel volume, organizzati in quattro sessioni tematiche.
La prima sessione affronta le basi dell'ordinamento dell'Unione, il primato e i controlimiti, i valori comuni e le identità nazionali. La seconda esamina i valori dell'Unione come limiti alle scelte costituzionali degli Stati membri. La terza esplora l'equilibrio tra cittadinanza dell'Unione, tutela degli status personali e identità costituzionali nazionali. La quarta analizza l'effettività del sistema di tutela giurisdizionale nell'Unione.
L'introduzione evidenzia la necessità di un approccio collaborativo tra ordinamenti per affrontare le grandi sfide attuali. Sottolinea l'importanza del dialogo culturale tra dottrina, corti e istituzioni per uno sviluppo coerente dell'integrazione europea. Infine, ribadisce il valore dell'apertura interdisciplinare e del confronto con voci esterne caratterizzanti il convegno AISDUE
EU Competition Law. Between Public and Private Enforcement
No full text‘EU Competition Law: Between Public and Private Enforcement’ is devoted to an analysis of today’s EU competition law at the intersection between public and private enforcement. The book, which is directed by Prof. Bernardo Cortese, relies on the contribution of several scholars and experts of EU competition law whose essays are to be intended as Chapters of a general and coherent work organized in five parts, each of which is introduced by Introductory Notes putting the different chapters in a clear perspective, and building a constant dialogue between the director of the work and the authors of each chapter.
The underlying idea of the book is that private enforcement cannot be effectively addressed without inserting it in the more general framework of EU law enforcement mechanisms, on the one hand, and in the framework of competition law, on the other. This idea is reflected in the structure of the present work.
Part I deals with general problems and notions of EU competition law. By addressing in Chapter 1 the goals of competition law, the book intends to recall first of all the specificity of EU competition law if compared with other antitrust systems. Then, decisive notions of EU competition law are addressed, whose interpretation might be a challenge in private enforcement, but also in decentralized public enforce- ment, because of their autonomous character. Chapters 2, 3 and 4 thus deal with the notion of agreements and concerted practices, with the criterion of effects on interstate trade, and with the notion of undertaking, seen through the lens of the parent subsidiary relationship. In Part I, some basic questions emerge concerning the (not always complete) autonomous character these notions, and their relationship with national legal systems’ notions. Some structural characters of EU competition law are moreover presented, and among them the quasi legislative role the Commission has crafted for itself through the modernization, that make it necessary for national courts and the ECJ to actively exercise their judicial function, to avoid that the system of enforcement might lead to constitutionally unsound results. At the same time the idea is put forward, that EU competition law should not rely too heavily on ECJ case law, but should stand on truly legislative choices. Finally, the exclusion of the European Parliament from the normative process in this field is seen as a substantial limitation to the democratic character of the whole EU economic integration system.
Part II addresses different aspects of the cooperation between ECN authorities, and between them and the judiciary. Chapter 5 shows the ‘constitutional’ unbalances of the ECN, against which it advocates a more active involvement of national courts; at the same time, it denounces the threats that the post modernization system poses, in its actual functioning, for uniformity and predictability of EU law application. Chapter 6 deals with the effects of ECN public enforcement decisions in private enforcement judicial proceedings, while Chapter 7 analyses in depth the use of cooperation tools that should enable a fruitful involvement of administrative authorities in private enforcement judicial proceedings, making reference to procedural tools provided both at the EU and at the national level. Moreover, in the Introductory Notes to this Part the need to preserve a central role for the preliminary ruling mechanism is stressed, against the substantial disregard of the CILFIT acte claire doctrine that is shown by supreme courts’ attitudes in this field. Finally, suggestions for reform of the national arms of the EU private enforcement system are put forward, namely the introduction of a certain degree of courts’ specialization, and the introduction or reinforcement of class or representative actions.
Part III is specifically devoted to the preliminary ruling mechanism, and to its significance in EU competition law. Chapter 8 analyses in depth the procedural framework of Article 267 TFEU, and shows how it operates in the field of competition law. Chapter 9 depicts the actual contribution of preliminary rulings in shaping the framework of private enforcement at the national level, in the absence of EU legisla- tion, by singling out some ‘pillars’ upon which all national legal systems should be based. Chapter 10 continues the analysis, by making special reference to the issue of access to public enforcement leniency files.
The abovementioned analyses make it possible for the director of this work to reflect, in his Introductory Notes to Part III, on some critical aspects of the public/ private enforcement relationship. First of all it is stressed that public and private enforcement should be recognized different nature and goals, but equal dignity in the system. Further, and as a consequence thereof, the need to fully deploy the preliminary ruling potential in this field is underlined. To this end, a less strict approach to the notion of ‘court or tribunal’ under Article 267 TFEU is advocated. Moreover, the case is made for a special procedural regime for competition law preliminary rulings, leading to a more integrated adjudication process between national and European courts, which could be optimally managed by a specialized chamber of the General Court.
Part IV deals with the procedural issues that most frequently arise at the national courts’ level in connection with actions for damages. It includes four Reports drafted by senior national judges, members of the Association of European Competition Law Judges, and coming from specialized or supreme jurisdictions of France (Chapter 11), Greece (Chapter 12), Ireland (Chapter 13), and Italy (Chapter 14). Rapporteurs assess the value of cooperation of administrative authorities with civil courts, as well as the role played by general principles of national procedural law, especially on the burden and standard of proof issues, that make sometimes difficult to successfully bring private enforcement damages actions. In particular, the relevance of the passing on defence is analysed, also in the light of the compensatio lucri cum damno principle, and the scope of res iudicata in the civil/administrative jurisdiction relationship is further assessed. The role of experts, and the procedural tools to preserve the confidential nature of relevant data, as well as simplified approaches to the proof of damages, are also analysed.
Part V finally deals with some sectors of economic activity in the internal market in which the relationship between competition law and regulation is at the forefront, thereby dealing with an issue of paramount importance for both public and private enforcement. Chapter 15 deals with the abuse of a dominant position in the form of ‘margin squeeze’ in the sector of telecommunications. Chapter 16 on its turn addresses alternative regulation/competition in the audio-visual industry, having its focus on the need to preserve and foster pluralism. Chapter 17 presents recent case law on pharmaceuticals’ parallel imports, showing how the actual outcome as to the admis- sibility of such practices depend on a case-by-case evaluation, and is thus left to the wide discretion of the competent authority or court. Finally, Chapter 18 offers a picture of recent enforcement practice in the financial sector, showing how growing recourse to (follow-on) private enforcement actions would be possible, provided however that class or representative actions are available
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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