1,720,966 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
GENOMIC INVESTIGATION ON THE EFFECTS OF THE SELECTION IN SMALL RUMINANT SPECIES
Get PDFClimate change as predicted for the upcoming decades in Italy poses increasing challenges for the biodiversity management of native Italian breeds. Consequently, it is vital to investigate the genetic impact of climate change on these breeds in terms of selection and adaptation. Given their variability and presence in different habitats, small ruminant species, such as goats and sheep, represent ideal subjects for studying the genetics that lays behind the adaptation to different environments. By introducing genomic data in the investigation of small ruminants we can observe how the genome of these various species and breeds has adapted to artificial selection and environment as well as provide useful information to breeders and their associations .
In this thesis genomic tools were used to investigate the signs that adaptation and selection left on Italian small ruminants population with a particular focus on goats. We analyzed the biodiversity of 33 different Italian goat breeds and populations by identifying the interactions between their genotypes and the environment where they were raised by means of Landscape Genomics (the 1st paper). Then we examined how the different breeding systems and management differentiate them and what signatures are left in their genome by means of the Runs of Homozygosity (the 2nd paper).
In the final paper we evaluated the relationships between values for genomic and pedigree inbreeding coefficients for six different case-study breeds of sheep and goats in order to provide breeders and their associations with more accurate estimates as well as useful and reliable data, thereby laying the foundation for the construction of genomic indexes for small ruminants in Italy
Getting Peace to Work: a process-tracing exploration of UN-led Triple Nexus coordination in Cameroon
No full textThe ‘system doesn’t work’ is possibly the most common refrain within foreign aid policy circles. Several reform agendas have emerged over the decades to try and address the shortcomings of the sector. The Humanitarian-Development-Peace (HDP) Nexus, or Triple Nexus, is but the latest attempt in this tradition. While policy actors at the global level, especially the United Nations and institutional donors, have embraced this purportedly novel approach, country-level implementation has struggled. The novelty of the addition of peace to longstanding discussions of a potential humanitariandevelopment double nexus is what motivates the present investigation into the reasons that explain the limited integration of peace actors within UN-led Triple Nexus coordination. This process-tracing exploration focuses on the case study of Cameroon, a relatively successful Triple Nexus pilot country, between 2019 and 2025 to unpack the mechanisms that underlie the limited engagement of peace actors by Triple Nexus coordination. The research adopts a well-established qualitative approach, Explaining Outcome Process-Tracing, because of its capacity to integrate inductive, deductive, and abductive reasoning for the development and testing of causal mechanisms. Primary data collection consisted of 20 semi-structured interviews in both French and English. Findings from a first stage of six interviews suggested that the limited integration of the peace pillar within UN-led Triple Nexus coordination might be explained by one of three theories. These three potential causal narratives were centred respectively around (a) the weak intra-pillar cohesion and inter-pillar connections of the peace pillar, (b) humanitarian organisations’ principled pushback against peace actors, and (c) the scarcity of peace-specific funding made available by institutional donors. As part of two months of fieldwork in Yaoundé (Cameroon), an additional fourteen interviews were conducted to test these three theories. During this second research stage, evidence collected pointed to the fact that none of the three theories sufficiently accounted for the limited integration of peace actors within Triple Nexus coordination in Cameroon. This made a fundamental revision necessary. Leveraging abductive and inductive reasoning, a fourth theory was developed. This newly developed crowding-out theory argues that with country-level Triple Nexus operationalisation, individual organisations start to integrate the Triple Nexus approach within their own strategic frameworks. With this integration, individual donors take an interest for cross-pillar programming and pilot opportunities for integrated funding. To access these funds, organisations in turn begin subcontracting peace activities to local actors or develop internal peacebuilding capacities. By limiting the funding available for purer forms of peace programming, organisational-level integration of peacebuilding, mostly at project-level, ends up crowding out peace actors and limiting their integration within UN-led Triple Nexus coordination
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Getting Peace to Work: a process-tracing exploration of UN-led Triple Nexus coordination in Cameroon
No full textThe ‘system doesn’t work’ is possibly the most common refrain within foreign aid policy circles. Several reform agendas have emerged over the decades to try and address the shortcomings of the sector. The Humanitarian-Development-Peace (HDP) Nexus, or Triple Nexus, is but the latest attempt in this tradition. While policy actors at the global level, especially the United Nations and institutional donors, have embraced this purportedly novel approach, country-level implementation has struggled. The novelty of the addition of peace to longstanding discussions of a potential humanitariandevelopment double nexus is what motivates the present investigation into the reasons that explain the limited integration of peace actors within UN-led Triple Nexus coordination. This process-tracing exploration focuses on the case study of Cameroon, a relatively successful Triple Nexus pilot country, between 2019 and 2025 to unpack the mechanisms that underlie the limited engagement of peace actors by Triple Nexus coordination. The research adopts a well-established qualitative approach, Explaining Outcome Process-Tracing, because of its capacity to integrate inductive, deductive, and abductive reasoning for the development and testing of causal mechanisms. Primary data collection consisted of 20 semi-structured interviews in both French and English. Findings from a first stage of six interviews suggested that the limited integration of the peace pillar within UN-led Triple Nexus coordination might be explained by one of three theories. These three potential causal narratives were centred respectively around (a) the weak intra-pillar cohesion and inter-pillar connections of the peace pillar, (b) humanitarian organisations’ principled pushback against peace actors, and (c) the scarcity of peace-specific funding made available by institutional donors. As part of two months of fieldwork in Yaoundé (Cameroon), an additional fourteen interviews were conducted to test these three theories. During this second research stage, evidence collected pointed to the fact that none of the three theories sufficiently accounted for the limited integration of peace actors within Triple Nexus coordination in Cameroon. This made a fundamental revision necessary. Leveraging abductive and inductive reasoning, a fourth theory was developed. This newly developed crowding-out theory argues that with country-level Triple Nexus operationalisation, individual organisations start to integrate the Triple Nexus approach within their own strategic frameworks. With this integration, individual donors take an interest for cross-pillar programming and pilot opportunities for integrated funding. To access these funds, organisations in turn begin subcontracting peace activities to local actors or develop internal peacebuilding capacities. By limiting the funding available for purer forms of peace programming, organisational-level integration of peacebuilding, mostly at project-level, ends up crowding out peace actors and limiting their integration within UN-led Triple Nexus coordination
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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