1,721,613 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Evaluation of Risk Data in 4.5 Million Patients for Implementing New Guidelines for Kidney Function Reporting
Full text linkBackground:
Clinical guidelines recommend reporting estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) from serum creatinine measurements using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation, still organizations report eGFR mainly using alternative equations.
Objective:
To evaluate the risk relationship of eGFR from the CKD-EPI equation relative to the Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) and Mayo Clinic Quadratic (MCQ), describe differences in interpretation of eGFR values, and implications associated with switching to the CKD-EPI equation, in a large patient population receiving ambulatory care in the United States.
Results:
Overall, 4.5 million patients aged 18–99 were included in the study, with 37,000 events for ESRD and 195,000 for all-cause mortality. The average eGFR was considerably lower for CKD-EPI (82.7 ml/min/1.73m2) and MDRD (79.7 ml/min/1.73m2), compared to MCQ (94.9 ml/min/1.73m2). Accordingly, the prevalence of GFR category 3–5 (<60 mL/min/1.73 m²) was 15.8% with CKD-EPI, 17.3% with MDRD, and 6.4% with MCQ. The CKD-EPI equation had a similarly steep risk gradient to the MDRD equation in GFR 3-5 range, both steeper than the risk gradient for the MCQ equation. The risk gradient at higher estimates of GFR was steeper for the CKD-EPI equation relative to MDRD, but shallower than MCQ. The CKD-EPI equation, compared to MDRD, reclassified more patients upward to higher categories of eGFR (2.6% downward vs.15.7% upward), and many more patients downward to lower categories compared to the MCQ (39.1% downward vs. 1.3% upward). Net reclassification improvement favored the CKD-EPI to MDRD equation for ESRD (0.12) and all-cause mortality (0.19), and favored the CKD-EPI to MCQ for all-cause mortality (0.06) but not ESRD (‒ 0.07).
Conclusion:
Regarding risk stratification, the recommended CKD-EPI equation is superior to MDRD. Similar estimates of GFR from the two equations, especially in GFR 3–5 range, facilitate transitioning to the CKD-EPI equation from MDRD. MCQ largely shifted the distribution of eGFR and eGFR-risk relationship to higher levels of eGFR, warranting its careful interpretation particularly at referral or transition from or to facilities using other equations
Lower Extremity Peripheral Artery Disease and Quality of Life among Older Individuals in the Community: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study
Full text linkBackground: Lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD), commonly identified by an ankle-brachial Index (ABI) <0.9, increases mortality risk and may impair quality of life (QOL). However, most studies assessing reduced QOL in the relation to PAD rely on small clinical studies, leaving uncertainty about the impact of PAD on QOL in the community.
Methods: Using data of 5,115 ARIC visit 5 (2011-2013) participants aged 66-90 years, we assessed the associations of ABI with several QOL parameters, including physical and mental components in SF-12 as well as some other QOL parameters (leisure time exercise/activity/walking, depression, and hopeless feeling. We used linear/logistic regression models to adjust for demographic characteristics, cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, history of CVD, and other comorbidities including lung disease and reduced kidney function.
Results: There were 402 participants with low ABI < 0.90 and 426 participants with borderline low ABI (0.90-0.99). Overall, there were dose-response relationships between lower ABI and poor status of QOL parameters. With ABI 1.10-1.19 as a reference (n=1900), the associations of low ABI (< 0.90) and impaired QOL were much more evident in physical components (Physical Component Summary: -3.27 [95%CI: -5.60 to -0.93]), compared to mental components (Mental Component Summary: -0.07 [95%CI: -2.21 to 2.06]). Regarding each of eight domains in SF-12, low ABI was significantly associated with all four domains for physical components (Physical Functioning, Role Physical, Bodily Pain, and General Health) but only with one of four domains for mental components (vitality). Similarly low ABI was more consistently associated with the other physical QOL parameters than the other mental parameters. Interestingly, a poor status of several QOL parameters was also observed in borderline low ABI. Similar results for lower ABI and physical QOL parameters were observed in subgroups according to sex, race as well as history of CVD, diabetes, and reduced kidney function.
Conclusions: Lower ABI was independently associated with poor status of QOL, especially on physical, with potential important implications on quality-maintained life in older individuals. Further studies are warranted to assess if the PAD-specific management can improve QOL among individuals with lower ABI
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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