102,659 research outputs found
Alien Registration- Copp, Minnie G. (Lubec, Washington County)
No full texthttps://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/2322/thumbnail.jp
Alien Registration- Copp, Ethel G. (Bangor, Penobscot County)
No full texthttps://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/14368/thumbnail.jp
To be, or not to be, a non-native freshwater fish?
No full textWe examine the evolving concept of what constitutes a nonnative
(or alien) freshwater fish. In an attempt to distinguish
between biogeographical and socio-political perspectives, we
review the patterns in the introduction and dispersal of nonnative
fishes in Europe and North America, and especially the
recent expansion of Ponto-Caspian gobies in Europe. We
assess patterns in the development of national policy and
legislation in response to the perceived threat of non-native
fish introductions to native species and ecosystems. We review,
and provide a glossary of, the terms and definitions associated
with non-native species. Finally, we discuss perspectives as
regards the future treatment of naturalized species
CoPP increases Cell viability and preserved mitochondrial membrane potential in cardiomyocytes culture.
No full text<p>A: Morphology of CoPP-pretreated cardiomyocytes Treatment with CoPP preserved an improved morphological appearance of the cardiomyocytes after 2 h of hypoxia compared with the untreated group. SnPP administration abolished the beneficial effect of CoPP-pretreatment. Scale bar, 20 μm. B: The viability of CoPP-treated cardiomyocytes subjected to hypoxia Cultured cardiomyocytes were subjected to 2 h hypoxia with or without CoPP. The cells were stained with propidium iodide (PI), which marks damaged cells. The number of dead cells was lower in the group treated with CoPP compared with the untreated group. SnPP reduced the beneficial effect of CoPP-pretreatment. Data are means of at least 3 replicates in 3 separate experiments. Values are means ± SD (<sup>p<0.01 vs. normoxia #p<0.01 vs. hypoxia, *p<0.01 vs. hyp +CoPP). C: Mitochondrial function of CoPP-treated cardiomyocytes Rat cultured cardiomyocytes were subjected to 2 h hypoxic conditions with or without CoPP. D: The cells were stained with DASPMI. Hypoxic cells treated with CoPP exhibited normal mitochondrial membrane potential. SnPP administration reduced the beneficial effect of CoPP. Data are means of at least three replicates in three separate experiments. Values are means ± SD (<i>p</i><0.01 vs. normoxia #<i>p</i><0.01 vs. hypoxia, *<i>p</i><0.01 vs. hyp +CoPP, magnification *40).</p
Initial Impact of the Gabíkovo Hydroelectric Scheme on the Species Richness and Composition of 0+ Fish Assemblages in the Slovak Flood Plain, River Danube
No full textRelatively little information exists on the effects of hydroelectric schemes on 0+ fish composition in large European rivers because few or no pre-impact data exist. We compared 0+ fish species richness and composition, relative density, fish size as well as available and used habitat using data from 12 floodplain sites sampled just prior to (1992) and four years after (1996) the start of operations of the Gabíkovo hydropower station on the River Danube (Slovakia). We also used modelling techniques to assess the change in species richness and habitat use and to predict 1996 occurrences from the 1992 data set. The floodplain was greatly modified by the hydroscheme. Only 12 of 27 sites sampled in August 1992 were extant in August 1996. Therefore, all four channel types identified (flowing, abandoned, weir, wing-dam) were more lentic in 1996 than in 1992, with increased width, smaller-sized sediment (silt, clay) and greater amounts of macrophytes. After the operations of the hydroscheme, the overall relative density of fishes (individuals per surface area) of all ages decreased, with the exception of 0+ fishes, despite a slight reduction in 0+ fish density in all channel types except weirs. Species number increased from 25 to 28, although in all channel types there was a change in the composition of the 0+ fish assemblages, with rheophiles generally replaced by limnophiles and migrants from the lower Danube. The two most important microhabitat variables were the proportion of macrophytes and gravel, the latter being the factor distinguishing 0+ fish microhabitat use in 1992 (preferences) and 1996 (indifference or avoidance). Species richness and 0+ fish density in 1996 could be predicted from the 1992 data using simple log-linear models (density, richness, sample number). Species-specific occurrence in 1996 could not be predicted using environmental/fish data from 1992 with multiple regression or generalized additive models (GAM). However, the overall GAM from 1992 could predict overall fish occurrence in 1996
Effects of CoPP treatment on the antiallodynic and antihyperalgesic responses to morphine.
No full text<p>Mechanical antiallodynic (A), thermal antihyperalgesic (B), and thermal antiallodynic (C) effects of the subcutaneous administration of 0.5 mg/kg of morphine or saline in STZ-injected mice pretreated with vehicle (DMSO 1%) or 10 mg/kg of CoPP. The effects of the intraperitoneal administration of CoPP alone are also shown. Data are expressed as von Frey filaments strength (g) for mechanical allodynia, withdrawal latency (s) for thermal hyperalgesia and paw lifts (number) for thermal allodynia. For each behavioral test, * denotes significant differences <i>versus</i> control group treated with vehicle plus saline (p< 0.05, one-way ANOVA followed by Student Newman Keuls test), + denotes significant differences <i>versus</i> group treated with vehicle plus morphine (p< 0.05, one-way ANOVA followed by the Student Newman Keuls test) and # denotes significant differences <i>versus</i> group treated with CoPP plus saline (p< 0.05; one-way ANOVA followed by the Student Newman Keuls test).</p
Measurements of biochemical markers in CoPP-pretreated cardiomyocytes subjected to hypoxia.
No full text<p>The release of LDH and CK after 2 h of hypoxia was lower in the group treated with CoPP compared with the untreated group. SnPP administration abolished the beneficial effect of CoPP pretreatment. The value of 100% was given to the level of LDH or CK released from untreated cells not subjected to hypoxia. Data are means of at least 3 replicates in 5 separate experiments. Values are means ± SD (LDH <sup>p<0.01 vs. normoxia, #p<0.01 vs. hypoxia, *p<0.01 vs. hyp +CoPP, CK</sup><i>p</i><0.01 vs. normoxia, <sup>#</sup><i>p</i><0.01 vs. hypoxia, *<i>p</i><0.01 vs. hyp +CoPP).</p
Cobalt protoporphyrin IX increases endogenous G-CSF and mobilizes HSC and granulocytes to the blood
No full textGranulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is used in clinical
practice to mobilize cells from the bone marrow to the blood;
however, it is not always effective. We show that cobalt protoporphyrin
IX (CoPP) increases plasma concentrations of G-CSF, IL-6,
and MCP-1 in mice, triggering the mobilization of granulocytes
and hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPC). Compared
with recombinant G-CSF, CoPP mobilizes higher number of HSPC
and mature granulocytes. In contrast to G-CSF, CoPP does not
increase the number of circulating T cells. Transplantation of
CoPP-mobilized peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) results
in higher chimerism and faster hematopoietic reconstitution than
transplantation of PBMC mobilized by G-CSF. Although CoPP is
used to activate Nrf2/HO-1 axis, the observed effects are Nrf2/HO-
1 independent. Concluding, CoPP increases expression of mobilization-
related cytokines and has superior mobilizing efficiency
compared with recombinant G-CSF. This observation could lead to
the development of new strategies for the treatment of neutropenia
and HSPC transplantation
CoPP increases HO-1,AKT and GSK3β expression in cardiomyocytes culture.
No full text<p>A: Western blot analysis of HO-1 protein in the cardiomyocyte subjected to hypoxia CoPP treatment increased HO-1 expression levels in cells subjected to hypoxia compared to non-treated cells subjected to hypoxia. Means ± SD, n = 3 in 3 different experiments (*<i>p</i><0.05 vs. normoxia, <sup>#</sup><i>p</i><0.005 vs. hypoxia). B: Western blot analysis of AKT protein in the cardiomyocytes subjected to hypoxia: CoPP treatment increased AKT phosphorylation in cells subjected to hypoxia compared to non-treated cells subjected to hypoxia Means ± SD, n = 3 in 3 different experiments. (*<i>p</i><0.01 vs. normoxia, <sup>#</sup><i>p</i><0.05 vs. hypoxia, <sup>p<0.05 vs. hyp+CoPP). C: Western blot analysis of pGSK3β protein in the cardiomyocytes subjected to hypoxia CoPP treatment increased GSK3β phosphorylation in cells subjected to hypoxia compared to non-treated cells subjected to hypoxia. Means ± SD, n = 3 in 3 different experiments (*p<0.01 vs. normoxia, #p<0.01 vs. hypoxia, </sup><i>p</i><0.05 vs. hyp+CoPP).</p
Effect of CoPP with and without SIRT1-siRNA, and with and without SIRT plasmid on pAMPK, PPARα, FAS expression and triglyceride levels in fructose (Fr)-treated hepatocytes.
No full text<p>(A) pAMPK/AMPK expression by western blot analysis. (B) PPARα mRNA levels. (C) FAS mRNA levels measured by RT-PCR in hepatocytes. Results are mean±SE, n = 4/group. * <i>p</i><0.05 vs CTR; # <i>p</i><0.05 vs HFr, + <i>p</i><0.05 vs HFr+CoPP, vs Fr+CoPP+SIRT Plasmid. (D) Triglyceride levels measured by RT-PCR in hepatocytes. Results are mean±SE, n = 4/group. * p<0.05 vs CTR; # p<0.05 vs HFr, + p<0.05 vs HFr+CoPP, vs Fr+CoPP+SIRT Plasmid.</p
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