1,720,972 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Computational studies on tetrahydrobiopterin and tetrahydroneopterin
No full textIncludes bibliographical references (p. 63-66).Tetrahydrobiopterin is an important coenzyme involved with all three aromatic amino acid hydroxylases, glycerol ether monooxygenase, and nitric oxide synthase. Its full name is (6R, 1'R, 2'S)-6-(1',2'- dihydroxypropyl)-5, 6, 7, 8- tetrahydrobiopterin. Neopterin is a related pterin, formed as the result of a deficiency in one of the tetrahydrobiopterin synthesis enzymes, PTPS. Neopterin serves as a marker of the cellular immune system activation. If cellular enzymes are capable of reducing neopterin, one product would be tetrahydroneopterin which, because of its similar structure, might interfere with the normal functioning of tetrahydrobiopterin. The structures of both the tetrahydrobiopterin and tetrahydroneopterin are shown below: [molecular diagrams of: Tetrahydrobiopterin (R,R, S) and Tetrahydroneopterin (R,S,R)]. In order to develop new potentially-useful pharmaceuticals and to simply understand the mechanisms of tetrahydrobiopterin (THB) cellular utilization, it is useful to investigate the conformations of these molecules and their interactions with cellular enzymes by computational means. Our research focused on obtaining 3-dimensional conformations of both tetrahydrobiopterin (THB) and tetrahydroneopterin (THN), using the quantum mechanical computational program Gaussian 09, to find the lowest energy state conformations of the molecules studied. We began by performing an overall scan of possible configurations of THB and THN molecules, obtaining the lowest energy conformations for each molecule. Next, we ran the DFT feature of the Gaussian 09 program for further study of the conformations showing the lowest energy conformations. Our work is the first to consider effects of water on THB and THN conformations; we used two approaches. In the first, we added one or two water molecules to THB molecules to observe their effects on hydrogen bonding and structure. In the second, we simulated the effects of solvating our THB and THN molecules using the computer program COSMOtherm. Using the program Discovery Studio 2.5, we tested the ability of THB and THN to fit into the active sites defined by x-ray crystallographic studies of the enzyme structures (docking the THB and THN onto the enzyme). We studied their binding to each of the three aromatic amino acid hydroxylases, The H-bonding patterns were very comparable to the original H-bonding patterns of the THB in the aromatic amino acid hydroxylase structures. Nitric Oxide Synthase (NOS) interacts with THB in a different manner than that with the three aromatic amino acid hydroxylases. In the reaction catalyzed by NOS, THB gets converted into a radical form, either ??BH??? or ??BH??????. We studied both ??BH??? and ??BH?????? using Gaussian 09 and obtained their lowest energy forms. We obtained partial charge and spin density distributions that showed the electron of the ??BH?????? radical was much more delocalized than that of ??BH???, and therefore more stable than ??BH???. Docking of the neutral THB to NOS yielded much better results than docking either ??BH??? or ??BH?????? onto the enzyme active site. We conclude that THB and THN exist in a equilibrium of conformations, varying between the keto and enol tautomers and the axial and equatorial side chain shifts. In both the neutral and the radical form of THB, the keto-axial is the lowest energy form and thus is the predominant conformation. The THB is in its neutral form before binding fully to the active site in the NOS. This is supported from the multiple docking studies showing better overlapping of THB than that of either ??BH??? or ??BH??????. In addition to the above studies, we examined aspects of the recycling pathway, specifically the destruction of THB through the non-enzymatic reaction of the quinoid form of 7,8 dihydrobiopterin (qDHB) formed in the normal recycling reaction to give 7,8 dihydrobiopterin (DHB). We further studied the reaction of DHB to give pterin and 2-hydroxypropanal. Theoretical intermediates were proposed for both reactions. ??Gs were calculated for DHB and intermediates in both the solvated and the unsolvated forms. The results indicated that the two destructive reactions are thermodynamically favore
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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