1,721,014 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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Ecology, genetics, and genomics of biological nitrogen fixation in the wild: Cicer spp. symbiosis with Mesorhizobium spp. as a source for useful alleles in agriculture.
Get PDFNitrogen fixation efficiency is a desired trait in agriculture. Here we study nitrogen fixation traits in chickpea (Cicer arietium), which has special relevance given the crop’s predominance as an important source of protein and nutrition in the developing world. This study seeks to understand the relevance of genetic and transcriptional diversity of both the crop (C. arietinum), its two wild relatives C. reticulatum and C. echinospermum, and their cognate symbiotic microbes Mesorhizobium mediterraneum and M. ciceri. The experiments test the hypothesis that local adaptation is an ecological mechanism operating in wild systems to optimize biological nitrogen fixation, by quantifying biomass gain and nodulation phenotypes in a network of naturally-occurring host and bacterial genotype combinations. Plant biomass gain was greater for native (homologous) compared to non-native (heterologous) plant-bacteria combinations, leading to the conclusion that nitrogen fixation per se is more effective in co-evolved plant-microbe pairs, providing strong evidence of local adaptation in natural systems. C. echinospermun has effective symbiosis with its native, homologous symbiont M. ciceri and it is incompatible (nod-) with the heterologous symbiont M. mediterraneum. Conversely, C. reticulatum has more effective symbiosis with its native, homologous symbiont M. mediterraneum compared to heterologous M. ciceri. Interestingly, C. reticulatum has similar nodulation phenotypes with both bacterial species, and thus increased biomass gain in the homologous interaction is interpreted as greater efficiency of nitrogen fixation. The analysis of recombinant inbred lines derived from C. echinospermum X C. arietinum inoculated with either M. mediterraneum or M. ciceri document genetic segregation of symbiotic specificity, providing the basis for molecular genetic studies. Transcriptional profiling analysis of compatible and incompatible symbiotic pairs revealed responses to nitrogen (symbiotic and inorganic) that are both common and different among plant species. In particular, enhanced transcription of genes related to carbon metabolism and plastid-related functions is characteristic of M. ciceri nodules, while interaction with M. mediterraneum is associated with upregulation a diversity of processes, including nitrogen related gene expression, but largely exclusive of carbon metabolism. Whole genome analyses were used to characterize bacterial strains associated with chickpea cultivation in Pakistan and strains from the wild’s center of origin in South-Eastern Turkey. The analysis focused, in particular, on the provenance of genes involved in Type III secretion and Nod factor synthesis, informing us about the evolution of bacterial symbiosis in chickpea and bacterial loci relevant in the host-microbe interaction. The understanding gained from these studies informs fundamental questions about Cicer-Mesorhizobium co-evolution, and also has two broad practical implications: (1) for breeding of modern cultivars with improved biological nitrogen fixation, and (2) for developing improved microbial inoculants
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Genetics and Genomics of Fusarium oxysporum Populations in Ethiopian Chickpea Cultivation
Get PDFFusarium oxysporum is a fungal pathogen responsible for wilt and root rot diseases in over 100plant species. An estimated 30% of yield losses are attributed to F. oxysporum in Ethiopian
chickpea cultivation. As a result, breeding resistant chickpea varieties has become a key
strategy in disease management. Historically, germplasm, perceived as resistant, has
succumbed to Fusarium wilt when deployed across Ethiopia. This dissertation explores the
genetic diversity of F. oxysporum in Ethiopia and investigates the mechanisms driving this
diversity.The dissertation begins by examining the role of bioinformatic methods in delineating clonalgroups. Two pipelines are evaluated for their effectiveness to successively delineate clonal
groups across four different evolutionary models. Leveraging the 320-isolate genome
sequencing effort, we assess the clonal diversity of F. oxysporum within Ethiopia and genomes
deposited on NCBI. Subsequently, we study the nucleotide diversity and population genetics of
this population. Despite a genetically narrow population, there is substantial genotypic diversity
driving both the core and dispensable genomic compartments. Our findings suggest that
meiotically-driven recombination is critical in structuring the foundational F. oxysporum
population followed by multiple clonal outbreaks. In the final chapter, we investigate the role of
structural variation and pangenomic variation in shaping genomic diversity. We identify a large
pangenome, driven primarily by accessory chromosomes and large insertions near
chromosomal ends. Multiple mechanisms appear to drive a highly compartmentalized, but
highly dynamic, pangenome.Overall, this research provides new insights into the biology and ecology of F. oxysporum inEthiopia. We hope that these findings will lead to practical solutions that improve disease
management and strengthen breeding efforts against F. oxysporum
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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