1,720,956 research outputs found
A tool for the management of alpine road networks in the wake of natural and man-made disasters
No full textRoad networks in mountainous areas are particularly vulnerable following natural and man-made incidents since they are sparse and have a limited number of links and nodes. This weakness, or vulnerability, complicates the management of traffic flows in the event of emergencies, thus leading to problems of congestion and accessibility. The case of the international corridors along Alpine Valleys is significant since they serve both tourist and commercial routes, and have a typical tree-like structure that accommodates few roads dedicated to long-distance mobility and to local access. To manage emergencies and support the decision making process, local administrations and Civil Protection Agencies should use tools able to evaluate the effects of localized or widespread network failures or incidents in real-time, and limit the effects of reduced accessibility and/or differentiated traffic demand. The authors have developed a dedicated tool, called PoliNET that implements the Network Analyst® extension of ArcGIS® to solve specific vehicle routing problems for mountainous road network. Essentially, PoliNET identifies the best (shortest and fastest) routes for different vehicle categories (cars and motorcycles, vans and small trucks, articulated lorry and tractor-trailers, exceptional load vehicles) when the network operates under specific constraints (road clearances) and/or experiencing failures (interruption). Some examples deriving from real events are presented and discussed in the pape
Vulnerability of road networks along transalpine corridors
No full textNatural and man-made extreme events have a great impact on the social cohesion and economic development of territories. The road network plays a key role in the aftermath of any such events by assuring accessibility to land and populated areas, and by facilitating the management of emergencies. Nevertheless, this role is limited in mountainous and valley areas where the road network density and capacity are low and hence more vulnerable.
In the paper, the authors evaluated the vulnerability of such road networks in terms of reduced accessibility, an approach that the authors considered more pertinent than others available in literature. The two most important Italian North-Western transalpine corridors located along the Susa and Aosta valleys were selected as case studies, thus allowing for the investigation of cases that differ in terms of territorial structure and network layout. For the purpose of this study, the authors developed a dedicated GIS code based on the graph theory. The results obtained enabled the identification of those road sections which are extremely vulnerable, and where future investment should be directed in order to limit the effects of possible network failures in the event of emergencies
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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