1,722,405 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
ENEA's energy storage activities in the Italian Electric System Research Project
No full textSince 2006, ENEA (Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development) has been carrying out R&D activities as part of the National Electric System Research Project. In this Project there are activities devoted to the energy storage technologies and their representative applications for the electricity grids. In the third program agreement, started in 2012, ENEA activities have been focused on research of advanced batteries (Li-ion, high temperatures, redox flow), studies of applications and battery 'second life' and analysis of environmental and safety aspects associated to the use and recycling of batteries. This paper summarizes major results achieved during the execution of the second year of this program agreement with focus on scale up of Li-ion cells for high power and high energy applications, experimental results of the 'second life' campaign, and the technical and economical evaluation of an energy storage application to a tramway system for urban transport. © 2015 IEEE
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Molecular pathways: the complexity of the epigenome in cancer and recent clinical advances.
No full textHuman cancer is causally linked to genomic and epigenomic deregulations. Epigenetic abnormalities occurring within signaling pathways regulating proliferation, migration, growth, differentiation, transcription and death signals may be critical in the progression of malignancies. Consequently, identification of epigenetic marks and their bio-implications in tumors represents a crucial step towards defining new therapeutic strategies both in cancer treatment and prevention. Alterations of writers, readers and erasers in cancer may affect, for example, the methylation and acetylation state of huge areas of chromatin, suggesting that epi-based treatments may require "distinct" therapeutic strategies compared to "canonical" targeted treatments. Whereas anticancer treatments targeting HDACs (HDAC inhibitors) and DNA methylation have entered the clinic, additional chromatin modification enzymes have not yet been pharmacologically targeted for clinical use in patients. Thus, a greater insight into alterations occurring on chromatin modifiers and their impact in tumorigenesis represents a crucial advancement in exploiting epigenetic targeting in cancer prevention and treatment. Here, the interplay of the best-known epi-mutations and how their targeting might be optimized will be addressed
Impact of innovative ILHYPOS supercapacitors on a fuel cell vehicle
No full textElectrochemical capacitors (SC) are receiving increasing attention as possible enabling technologies in applications where high power is required for short times, such as in hybrid vehicles (HEV) and uninterruptible power systems (UPS). Moreover, there are some applications using fuel cells (FC) as power generators, whose energy efficiency is greatly reduced whenever FC power variations are significant. In 2005 the European Commission (EC) funded the ILHYPOS project, mainly aimed at the research and development of innovative SCs with highly improved specific performances (specific energy and power), and based on environmentally acceptable materials, such as ionic liquids, a novel electrolyte class of materials, with a working voltage in excess of 5 V. The improvements of SC performances were pursued also studying new electrode materials and/or cell designs: specific energy in excess of 40 Wh/kg, based only on active material weights have been estimated, in configurations with electronic conducting polymers or activated carbons in asymmetric configurations. As part of the Project ILHYPOS, the possible impact of the studied SCs has been evaluated by means of simulations in defined applications, such as those in fuel cell vehicles (FCV) and UPS, powered by fuel cells. The simulations for vehicle applications have been performed by using conventional standardized and real duty cycles. The sizing of the ILHYPOS SCs has been carried out with developed mathematical models and applied to a FC hybrid electric van, a test prototype developed by an Italian small enterprise. This paper first highlights the most recent achievements of the ILHYPOS Project and, then, presents the impacts of the developed SCs with respect to commercial SCs and a drivetrain with and without SCs. © 2009 AVERE
Modelling Cell Migration in Cancer Spread as a Response to Multi-Cue Heterogeneous Environments: A Kinetic Approach
No full textUnderstanding the microscopic mechanisms that influence cancer cell migration is a problem of utmost interest in cancer research, as these processes are responsible for the progression and dissemination of the tumour cells into the body. Cells perform directed motion in response to external stimuli, which they detect by sensing the environment. Precisely, cells have to sort and combine these different, and potentially competitive, stimuli, which can have both a biochemical and biophysical nature and characterise the multi-cue environment where cells move. In this chapter, we review a possible approach for the description and study of this problem, which is based on the classical kinetic equations implementing velocity-jump processes. We derive the kinetic models from the microscopic stochastic processes underlying the tactic mechanisms driving cell migration and we present three different cases of study, aimed at showing cell behaviour in response to different superposing stimuli
A NON-LOCAL KINETIC MODEL FOR CELL MIGRATION: A STUDY OF THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN CONTACT GUIDANCE AND STERIC HINDRANCE
Full text linkWe propose a non-local model for contact guidance and steric hindrance depending on a single external cue, namely the extracellular matrix, that affects in a twofold way the polarization and speed of motion of the cells. We start from a microscopic description of the stochastic processes underlying the cell re-orientation mechanism related to the change of cell speed and direction. Then, we formally derive the corresponding kinetic model that implements exactly the prescribed microscopic dynamics, and, from it, it is possible to deduce the macroscopic limit in the appropriate regime. Moreover, we test our model in several scenarios. In particular, we numerically investigate the minimal microscopic mechanisms that are necessary to reproduce cell dynamics by comparing the outcomes of our model with some experimental results related to breast cancer cell migration. This allows us to validate the proposed modeling approach and to highlight its capability of predicting qualitative cell behaviors in diverse heterogeneous microenvironments
Use of electrochemical storage in substations to enhance energy and cost efficiency of tramways
No full textThis paper evaluates, in a case study with real data, the advantages of using regenerative braking in a tram line, both in case of non-reversible substations and substations equipped with battery energy storage. It shows that the addition of storage enhances energy efficiency a lot, and therefore this is a very cost-effective solution. © 2013 AEIT
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