102,293 research outputs found
The mtDNA 15497 G/A polymorphism in cytochrome b in severe obese subjects from Southern Italy
No full textAbstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM:
A large number of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations have been implicated in degenerative diseases and aging. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether the 15497 G/A mtDNA polymorphism (G251S) in the cytochrome b subunit of respiratory complex III, which has been associated with obesity-related variables and lipid metabolism in a Japanese population, is associated with severe obesity also in adult Caucasians from southern Italy.
METHODS AND RESULTS:
Unrelated severely obese patients (n = 317; BMI > 40kg/m2) and controls (n = 217; BMI < 25kg/m2) from Southern Italy were genotyped by allelic discrimination TaqMan assay for the 15497 G/A mtDNA polymorphism. In obese patients fasting serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol and glucose were measured enzymatically and sitting blood pressure and heart rate were also collected. Mean levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose were below the upper reference limit for healthy subjects. Female obese subjects showed lower levels of blood pressure and heart rate and higher levels of HDL cholesterol than male obese patients (P < 0.001). All the control subjects and 315/317 severely obese patients were homozygous for the G allele (wild type), whereas only 2/317, were females homozygous for the A allele.
CONCLUSIONS:
The mtDNA 15497 G/A polymorphism in cytochrome b was present in 0.6% obese subjects, two females whose lipid parameters and BMI were similar to those of the overall group. Therefore, this mutation may appear to contribute in rare instances to severe obesity but does not explain the majority of cases in our population. A more extensive genetic haplogroup characterization is required to identify associations to obesity in Caucasians
The mtDNA 15497 G/A polymorphism in cytochrome b in severe obese subjects from Southern Italy.
No full textBackground and aim: A large number of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)
mutations have been implicated in degenerative diseases and aging. The aim of this
study was to evaluate whether the 15497 G/A mtDNA polymorphism (G251S) in the
cytochrome b subunit of respiratory complex III, which has been associated with
obesity-related variables and lipid metabolism in a Japanese population, is
associated with severe obesity also in adult Caucasians from southern Italy.
Methods and results: Unrelated severely obese patients (n Z 317; BMI > 40 kg/m2)
and controls (n Z 217; BMI < 25 kg/m2) from Southern Italy were genotyped by
allelic discrimination TaqMan assay for the 15497 G/A mtDNA polymorphism. In
obese patients fasting serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-cholesterol and
glucose were measured enzymatically and sitting blood pressure and heart rate
were also collected. Mean levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides and glucose were
below the upper reference limit for healthy subjects. Female obese subjects
showed lower levels of blood pressure and heart rate and higher levels of
HDL cholesterol than male obese patients (P < 0.001). All the control subjects and 315/317 severely obese patients were homozygous for the G allele (wild type),
whereas only 2/317, were females homozygous for the A allele.
Conclusions: The mtDNA 15497 G/A polymorphism in cytochrome b was present in
0.6% obese subjects, two females whose lipid parameters and BMI were similar to
those of the overall group. Therefore, this mutation may appear to contribute in
rare instances to severe obesity but does not explain the majority of cases in our
population. A more extensive genetic haplogroup characterization is required to
identify associations to obesity in Caucasians
Correction to: Outcomes on safety and efficacy of left atrial appendage occlusion in end stage renal disease patients undergoing dialysis (Journal of Nephrology, (2021), 34, 1, (63-73), 10.1007/s40620-020-00774-5)
No full textThe article Outcomes on safety and efficacy of left atrial appendage occlusion in end stage renal disease patients undergoing dialysis, written by Simonetta Genovesi, Luca Porcu, Giorgio Slaviero, Gavino Casu, Silvio Bertoli, Antonio Sagone, Monique Buskermolen, Federico Pieruzzi, Giovanni Rovaris, Alberto Montoli, Jacopo Oreglia, Emanuela Piccaluga, Giulio Molon, Mario Gaggiotti, Federica Ettori, Achille Gaspardone, Roberto Palumbo, Francesca Viazzi, Marco Breschi, Maurizio Gallieni, Gina Contaldo, Giuseppe D’Angelo, Pierluigi Merella, Fabio Galli, Paola Rebora, Mariagrazia Valsecchi, and Patrizio Mazzone, was originally published electronically on the publisher’s internet portal on 6 June 2020 without open access. With the author(s)’ decision to opt for Open Choice the copyright of the article changed on 10 July 2020 to © The Author(s) 2020 and this article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creat iveco mmons .org/licen ses/ by/4.0/), which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The original article has been updated
The absence of polymorphisms in ADRB3, UCP1, PPARγ, and ADIPOQ genes protects morbid obese patients toward insulin resistance.
No full textBackground and aims: The insulin resistance (IR) is a major metabolic impairment in severe obesity, a multifactorial disease in which the importance of the effect of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) associations in different rather than individual genes was established. The aim of this study was to test the predictive value of presence/absence of polymorphisms/variants in β3-adrenergic receptor (ADRB3), uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ(PPARγ), and adiponectin (ADIPOQ) genes in diagnosing the IR in obesity. Subjects and methods: We studied 112 (40 males, 72 females) severely obese (body mass index: 48.5±7.5 kg/m2) subjects recruited from the outpatient obesity clinic of Federico II University Hospital in Naples. Genomic DNA was extracted from peripheral leukocytes with a commercial kit. The gene polymorphisms Trp64Arg in ADRB3, -3826 A>G in UCP1, Pro12Ala in PPARγ, and c.268G>A, c.331T>C, and c.334C>T in ADIPOQ were characterized by TaqMan assay or by direct sequencing (ADIPOQ). Results and conclusion: Our results demonstrate that -3826A>G UCP1 polymorphism is associated with IR in morbid obesity. Further, the lack of any polymorphisms, Trp64Arg in ADRB3 and/or -3826 A>G in UCP1 and/or Pro12Ala in PPARγ and/or c.268G>A, c.331T>C and c.334C>T in ADIPOQ, appears a useful prognostic factor (NPV=100%) toward the IR onset in these obese patients representing a further parameter for an earlier and appropriate therapy. ©2012, Editrice Kurtis
Molecular markers for differentiation of a ‘Candidatus Phytoplasma solani’ strain associated with “bois noir” disease in Sicily
No full textThe mtDNA 15497 G/A polymorphism in cytochrome b in severe obese subjects from South Italy
No full textPostprandial thermogenesis in lean and obese subjects after meals supplemented with medium-chain and long-chain triglycerides.
No full textABSTRACT
The thermic effect of medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) was studied in six lean and six obese young males by evaluating postprandial thermogenesis (PPT) after the ingestion of mixed meals containing either 38 g long-chain triglycerides (LCTs) or 30 g MCTs plus 8 g LCTs. Postabsorptive resting metabolic rate (RMR) was higher (P less than 0.05) in the obese individuals than in the lean ones. PPT, evaluated as 6-h incremental areas above RMR, was greater (P less than 0.05) in both groups after meals containing MCTs. The thermic effect of MCTs was 119.7 +/- 33.9 and 144.7 +/- 48.8 kJ/6 h in the lean and the obese subjects, respectively. The postprandial response of glucose, insulin, and free fatty acids did not depend on the type of oil contained in the meal. Our study shows that PPT is enhanced in both lean and obese subjects when LCTs in a mixed meal are replaced with MCTs
Protein-sparing modified fast in the treatment of severe obesity: weight loss and nitrogen balance data.
No full textABSTRACT
Nitrogen balance has been measured in 25 (16 f, 9m) patients with severe obesity submitted for four weeks to total fasting (TF) or different versions of protein-sparing modified fast (PSMF). The hospitalized patients, divided into four age-matched groups, were treated as follows:Group 1, were submitted to TF; Group 2 were treated by 80 kcal-PSMF (17 g protein=2.6 g N, traces of fat and carbohydrate); Group 3 were submitted to 180 kcal-PSMF (40 g protein = 6.4 g N, 2 g fat, traces carbohydrate) and Group IV, to 80/180 kcal-PSMF (80 kcal during the 1st and 2nd week and 180 kcal during the 3rd and 4th week of treatment). Weight loss was similar (-11 kg) in Gps 1, 2 and 4; lower (-8 kg) in Gp 3. Mean daily Nitrogen loss was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in Gps 3 and 4 than in Gps 1 and 2. Nitrogen loss was significantly reduced from the 3rd week onward in Gps 1 (P < 0.005), 2 (P < 0.05) and 4 (P < 0.002). During 180 kcal-PSMF nitrogen loss was significantly lower (P < 0.005) only when this dietary regimen was preceded by 80 kcal-PSMF for two weeks (Gp 4). These observations suggest a new approach to the treatment of severe obesity by PSMF and show that is is possible to further reduce the early catabolic phase which commonly arises during this type of therapy
Protein balance during very-low-calorie diets for the treatment of severe obesity.
No full textABSTRACT
Very-low-calorie diets (less than 500 kcal/day; VLCD) are widely used for the treatment of severe obesity. We report the effects of such diets, consisting of proteins only or proteins and carbohydrates (CH), on nitrogen balance and protein nutritional status of morbidly obese patients. Cumulative nitrogen loss, serum albumin, transferrin, prealbumin (PA) and retinol-binding protein (RBP) concentrations, and plasma amino acid profile were determined in two groups of obese patients: 5 subjects (3 women, 2 men: BMI 55.3 +/- 2.2 kg/m2) subjected for 4 weeks to a protein VLCD (40 g protein + 2 g fat) and 7 others (4 women, 3 men: BMI 45.6 +/- 2.8 kg/m2) received for the same length of time a protein + CH VLCD (34 g protein + 26 g CH). Nitrogen balance was determined weekly whilst plasma and serum variables were measured on days 0, 3, 5, 10, 20 and 28 of treatment. Nitrogen balance did not significantly differ between the two groups of patients throughout the treatment. Serum PA and RBP concentrations decreased from day 5 and day 10, respectively, in both groups. Plasma amino acids showed a similar pattern in the protein and protein + CH groups. Alanine gradually decreased below baseline values; after a peak value on day 5, branched-chain amino acids (valine, leucine, isoleucine) returned to baseline values in both groups. In conclusion, in severely obese patients subjected to VLCD, nitrogen balance, labile protein concentrations and plasma amino acid profile are not significantly affected by adding CH to proteins
Use and abuse of albumin: a survey of clinical records from an internal medicine ward.
No full textBACKGROUND AND AIMS: This study was to review albumin prescriptions and indications in 4122 patients hospitalized in internal medicine wards in the years 1996, 1998 and 1999, before and after the ad hoc regulations issued in 1997 by the Italian Ministry of Health.
METHODS: In 1996 (n=63), 1998 (n=59) and 1999 (n=55) 177 of these patients (4.3%) were given i.v. albumin.
RESULTS: 161 (91%) of them had serum albumin values of <3.5 g/dl, while in only 36% were these values <2.5 g/dl.
CONCLUSION: In the majority of cases albumin was erroneously prescribed, often to enhance diuretic efficacy or in protein energy malnutrition. Its prescription has not been influenced by the new recommendations
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