1,720,972 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Alcohol and Mental Health in Young People
No full textThe co-occurrence of alcohol and mental health problems in the general population is well-documented. Among young adults, evidence suggests that most of those with an alcohol problem are also suffering with a mental health problem. The transition from childhood to adolescence is a critical point for the development of both alcohol and mental health problems. Young adults who experience alcohol and mental health problems concurrently have worse outcomes than those with one problem alone, and treatments for co-occurring problems are complex. In this chapter, we discuss (1) key theories regarding co-occurring alcohol and mental health problems, (2) evidence on the extent of these issues, and (3) current treatments
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Mental imagery interventions to promote face covering use among UK university students and employees during the COVID-19 pandemic: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Get PDFBackground:
The 2020 COVID-19 pandemic has witnessed wide-ranging efforts to minimize the spread of the virus and to protect those most vulnerable to becoming unwell following viral infection. Core COVID-19 preventive measures include social distancing, regular hand washing, and wearing face coverings in public places. Understanding links between social cognitive factors relating to beliefs/skills is important in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, as this can suggest which factors might be targeted via behaviour change interventions to promote adherence to COVID-19 preventative behaviours. In this context, mental imagery exercises—self-directed imagining of an anticipated outcome or processes linked to a defined behaviour/activity—offer a well-evidenced, relatively simple behaviour change intervention. In the mental imagery invention reported in this protocol, individuals will be randomly assigned to one of four separate conditions (outcome imagery, process imagery, outcome and process imagery, control).
Methods:
The primary objective of this randomized controlled study is to assess the effectiveness of a mental imagery intervention on wearing face coverings, as a defined core COVID-19 preventative behaviour. Participants will consist of UK university students and university employees of any age. Participants will be randomized to complete an ‘outcome imagery’ or a ‘process imagery’ exercise, both exercises (i.e. a combined condition) or neither exercise (i.e. a control condition). A total of 260 individuals will be recruited into the study. Outcomes for all study condition arms will be assessed at baseline (Time 1), immediately post-intervention (Time 2), and at 1-month follow-up (Time 3). The primary outcome is frequency of wearing face covering, as reported at T2 and T3. Secondary outcomes include intervention effects on face covering attitudes, social norms, perceived behavioural control and barrier self-efficacy at T2 and T3. Putative moderators of intervention effects are conscientiousness, narcissism and ‘light triad’ personality traits. Discussion: This trial will contribute toward the currently sparse evidence base concerning behaviour change techniques designed to promote COVID-19 preventative behaviours among UK university students and university employees. Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov (U.S. National Library of Medicine) NCT04583449. Retrospectively registered on 20 October 2020
Stakeholder viewpoints on embedding employability in Higher Education
Get PDFBackground. Employability is increasingly prioritised in the broader policy and regulatory climate as a key metric for evaluating performance in the Higher Education (HE) sector and in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs). Regulator thresholds now require that 60% full-time students taking their first degree progress into professional work (or take additional studies) within the 15-month period following graduation. A large and growing body of literature has explored varied definitions of employability, interventions to audit and embed employability in HEIs alongside more critical discussion around employability. Employability is important for a number of different stakeholders both internal stakeholders within HE (e.g., learners, teachers) and external stakeholders beyond HE (e.g., employers, Further Education practitioners). Project Focus. This project was designed to explore viewpoints of embedding employability, and of employability more broadly, held by a subset of internal stakeholders. Three stakeholder groups were the focus of dissertation project work: learners, teachers (i.e., academic teaching staff) and careers staff (i.e., careers and employability or work-based learning staff). There were two project research questions. A first, broad, research question (RQ1): ‘How do stakeholders of employability define employability?’ and a second, more focused, research question (RQ2):'How is the embedding of employability within H.E. programme designs, curricula, learning environments and other pedagogic initiatives viewed by stakeholders of employability?’ Methods. Ethical approval was secured from the London Metropolitan University Ethics Committee. Two Research Assistants (RAs) led recruitment and data collection for the project. Prospective participants were recruited to the project via email circulars, via targeted institutional recruitment messages and via social media messaging. The project sample comprised 12 participants in total: four from each stakeholder group. Individuals participated in online semi-structured interviews lasting, on average, 43 minutes. Interview data was transcribed verbatim and subjected to an interpretivist type of Thematic Analysis (TA). Findings. Analyses are presented in two main sections; one concerning RQ1 (broader understandings/ definitions of employability) and one concerning RQ2 (focused on viewpoints of embedding employability in UK HEI curricula). The first section of analysis contained interview material focused on contextual issues relevant to embedding employability in HEIs. An overarching theoretical framework - Ecological Systems Theory (EST) - assisted understanding of contextual material focusing on three systems: the microsystem, the mesosystem, and the macrosystem. Four themes were presented in the first section of analysis. These were titled: Theme 1: The importance of complex, plural definitions of employability (microsystem level); Theme 2: Seeking to embed employability into an overloaded curriculum (mesosystem level); Theme 3: Navigating the neoliberal landscape and ethical concerns about embedding employability (macrosystem level); and Theme 4: The elephant in the room: social justice and employability (macrosystem level). The second section of analysis contained interview material that concerned key factors relevant to optimising the embedding of employability in HEI learning and teaching environments. Five themes were identified linked to the second section of analysis. These were titled: Theme 1: The systemic challenge to motivate and engage; Theme 2: Arenas beyond the classroom; Theme 3: Tailored approaches are better; Theme 4: Embedding professional collaboration; and Theme 5: Learning to know and manage the self. Project recommendations and practical implications. Recommendations and implications for practice derived from project evidence are considered at various levels of action including my own teaching practice, local learning and teaching approaches, broader institutional strategies, UK related sector wide policy and debate and the broader global pedagogic community associated with Higher Education
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