1,720,974 research outputs found
Architectural atmospheres, priming effects and first impressions:a multi-perspective approach integrating self-report assessments and physiological responses
No full textThis paper studies the priming effects of architectural atmospheres on our first impressions of space. We applied a multi-perspective approach combining first-person-perspective insights (self-report assessments) with third-person-perspective measures (physiological responses) to four corridor iterations connecting an empty room to a contemplative space. The starting and ending rooms remained unchanged, whereas the corridor’s light varied: dark, blue, amber and bright. Participants (n = 81) walked through virtual-reality environments wearing sensors collecting blood volume pulse and skin conductance data. Our investigation was whether and, if so, how the corridor’s atmosphere primed and altered participants’ impressions of the subsequent room, even if identical. Results revealed stronger skin conductance responses while moving through darker corridors, which correlated with altered perceptions of the ending room at conscious and nonconscious levels. Generalized linear model analysis showed that, with increasing age, participants were more likely to report altered perceptions.This paper studies the priming effects of architectural atmospheres on our first impressions of space. We applied a multi-perspective approach combining first-person-perspective insights (self-report assessments) with third-person-perspective measures (physiological responses) to four corridor iterations connecting an empty room to a contemplative space. The starting and ending rooms remained unchanged, whereas the corridor’s light varied: dark, blue, amber and bright. Participants (n = 81) walked through virtual-reality environments wearing sensors collecting blood volume pulse and skin conductance data. Our investigation was whether and, if so, how the corridor’s atmosphere primed and altered participants’ impressions of the subsequent room, even if identical. Results revealed stronger skin conductance responses while moving through darker corridors, which correlated with altered perceptions of the ending room at conscious and nonconscious levels. Generalized linear model analysis showed that, with increasing age, participants were more likely to report altered perceptions.<br/
Rhythms of the Brain, Body, and Environment:A Neuroscientific Perspective on Atmospheres
Full text linkAtmospheres enjoy ambiguity beyond the constraints of words. While the theory of atmosphere is well-established, its scientific testing remains challenging due to this ambiguity. Focusing on the effect of atmospheres, I discuss nonconscious processes and rhythms in the body and brain concerning behavior and atmosphere, arguing that the body’s active engagement with the environment is crucial in our experience. Our sensory suppression of the atmosphere is actively used to adapt ourbehavior, making it a phenomenologically rich process. I conclude by providing a neuroscientific hypothesis on the mechanisms behind the enacted atmosphere and its impact on human cognition
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Meaning in Architecture: Affordances, Atmosphere and Mood
No full text97 p.Meaning in Architecture: Affordances, Atmosphere and Mood, began as a public forum about human awareness of building, specifically speaking to the significance of affordances, embodied simulation theory, atmosphere and mood. It is herewith presented in copy form for broader distribution. An exchange between scientists and architects, this symposium was the inaugural Interface event of ANFA (the Academy of Neuroscience for Architecture, Salk Institute) held 17 April 2018 in the Regnier Forum of APDesign, Kansas State University. The authors for Meaning in Architecture: Affordances, Atmosphere and Mood will escort you to the intersection of deep brain function, as studied by neuroscientists, and our built-environment the expertise of architects. Unmistakably, these subjects are no longer separate matters of analysis, rather a collective pursuit to discover the physiological framework when confronted with our natural and built environment. Or to borrow from Dr. Rooney’s “Introduction:” What benefit, if any, is there to gain by combining the efforts of architecture and neuroscience? The former profession lays claim to thousands of years of physically manifesting civilization, while the latter, whose own enlightenment is taking shape, has greatly expanded our conceptualization of how our minds operate. Did the ancient Greeks suffer from a lack of neuroscientific knowledge when building the Parthenon? Did early neuroscientist need to know about architecture in order to discover the relationship between lesions and motor activity? No. Although that answer is true, it seems to remove a very common element amongst both professions. The element of environments. Regardless of your position as an architect, a neuroscientist or as a lay philosopher, humans live in the world and that world is predominantly built by humans. Any study of neuroscience inevitably must ground its findings in our world if it is to say anything useful, and any built architecture must come forth through the use of imagination held together by the neurons firing across regions in the brain. Speaking to our body, brain, and environments agenda, Dr. Michael Arbib, a neuroscientist studying buildings and their design, discusses in “The Architecture-Neuroscience Conversation and the Action-Perception Cycle,” the makeup of our brain and its relevant purposes, specifically the significance of the hippocampus. With knowledge stretching beyond cognitive generalities, architects and neuroscientists alike can begin to join design intentions to the human’s subconscious need to create place and memory through cognitive mapping. Through “Place, Peripheral Vision, and Space Perception: a pilot study in VR.” Dr. Colin Ellar
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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