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Dinámica del Turismo y Transformaciones en los usos del Patrimonio en la Isla de Pascua
Get PDFEn esta tesis, se entiende el patrimonio cultural como realidad construida, que en las últimas décadas ha dejado de ser acaparado por los Estados y las élites, de modo que han surgido nuevos patrimonios, definidos desde espacios locales con creciente participación de movimientos sociales. Grupos subalternos, entre ellos los pueblos indígenas, se interesan e intervienen en la selección de su patrimonio, de acuerdo con una visión construida por ellos acerca de su propia identidad. El binomio identidad/patrimonio puede tener un uso económico, al favorecer la distinción de destinos turísticos así como la denominación de origen de ciertos productos y empresas. También, a través de la producción de etnomercancías, que pueden ser vendidas a turistas e intermediarios, en las cuales se plasma una identidad étnica, así como representaciones de patrimonio inmaterial.
La identidad y el patrimonio además pueden tener un uso político, por ejemplo, en el seno de movimientos regionalistas y en el contexto de luchas étnicas. Como han propuesto algunos autores (Comaroff & Comaroff, 2009; Escobar, 1995; Van Den Berghe, 1994), creemos que los usos económicos de la identidad cultural favorecerían, bajo ciertas condiciones, su regeneración.
En la presente tesis de doctorado, se analiza el uso económico de la identidad rapanui a través del turismo en Isla de Pascua y su posible potenciamiento recíproco con el uso político de dicha identidad y del patrimonio que se le asocia, en un contexto de creciente búsqueda de auto- determinación por parte de la etnia Rapa Nui. Para ello se propone un modelo teórico-conceptual que da cuenta de dichas interrelaciones. También se aportan antecedentes históricos acerca de Isla de Pascua, recogiendo los principales hechos que determinaron la situación actual. Luego, se analizan antecedentes relativos al destino Isla de Pascua, de interés para la investigación, en particular, el sistema patrimonial en Isla de Pascua, considerando elementos declarados y su gestión. Posteriormente, se identifican factores exógenos y endógenos que han incidido en la construcción del patrimonio cultural en Isla de Pascua y por último, se reconstruyen y analizan diacrónicamente los usos económicos y políticos de elementos patrimoniales específicos en Isla de Pascua: La Tapati Rapa Nui y el Parque Nacional Rapa Nui. Para ello se utilizan metodologías cualitativas, técnicas de registro etnográfico, cuestionarios, análisis documental y reconstrucción de biografía cultural.
En el capítulo introductorio se plantea el problema, la hipótesis inicial y los objetivos de la investigación, así como la metodología aplicada.In this thesis, cultural heritage is understood as a constructed reality, which in recent decades has ceased to be hoarded by states and elites, so that new patrimonies have emerged, defined from local spaces with increasing participation of social movements. Subaltern groups, including indigenous peoples, are interested and involved in the selection of their heritage, according to a vision built by them on their own identity.
We assumed that the binomial identity / heritage can have an economic use, favoring the distinction of touristic destinations and the denomination of origin of certain products and enterprises. Also, performances of intangible heritage and ethno-commodities in which an ethnic identity is represented, can be sold to tourists or intermediaries.
Identity and heritage can also be used politically, for example, within regionalist movements and in the context of ethnic struggles. As some authors have proposed (Comaroff & Comaroff, 2009; Escobar, 1995; Van den Berghe, 1994), we believe that, under certain conditions, the economic uses of cultural identity may support their regeneration.
In this PhD thesis, we analyze the economic use of rapanui identity through tourism in Easter Island and its possible reciprocal enhancement with the political use of this identity and the associated heritage, in a context of increasing quest of self-determination by the rapanui ethnic group
Patrimonio cultural inmaterial y sustrato biocultural en paisajes de San Pedro de Atacama, Región de Antofagasta y Río Ibáñez, Región de Aysén
Get PDFThis paper addresses the biocultural heritage as a substrate for the Intangible Cultural Heritage (ICH) while analyzing its interrelation with the dynamics of living cultural landscapes. For this purpose, antecedents of the lican antai People in San Pedro de Atacama, Antofagasta Region, and of settlers living in the Ibáñez River basin, Aysén Region arepresented. It is argued that the viability of PCI is based on biocultural linkages. Biocultural heritage is understood as a meta-heritage since it is relevant for the continuity and viability of ICP. Safeguard measures must imply the reproduction of ecosystem conditions and cultural practices, which constitute a fundamental part of living landscapes. In particular, community is analyzed as an organization in which living cultural manifestations of lican antai people are sustained; and local knowledge as the basis of living culture at Ibáñez River basin.En este artículo se aborda el patrimonio biocultural como sustrato del Patrimonio Cultural Inmaterial (PCI) a la vez que se analiza su interrelación con las dinámicas de paisajes culturales vivos. Para ello se utilizan antecedentes del pueblo lican antai en San Pedro de Atacama, Región de Antofagasta, y de colonos que habitan en la cuenca del Río Ibáñez, Región de Aysén. Se plantea que la viabilidad del PCI se basa en encadenamientos bioculturales. El patrimonio biocultural es entendido como un meta-patrimonio ya que es relevante para la continuidad y viabilidad del PCI. Medidas de salvaguardia deben implicar la reproducción de condiciones ecosistémicas y prácticas culturales, que constituyen parte fundamental del paisaje vivo. En particular, se analiza la comunidad como organización en la cual se sostiene las manifestaciones culturales vivas del pueblo Lican antai; y el conocimiento local como base de la cultura viva en la cuenca del Río Ibáñez
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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