1,720,974 research outputs found
The allocation of public resources in the post-Covid-19 era. New challenges for industrial policy
No full textThe Covid-19 pandemic has further triggered new trajectories of structural change, while fuelling the debate on legislative bargaining and the distribution of scarce resources. In this complex scenario, industrial policy has reappeared in the agenda of several countries as a key tool to tackle the process of accelerated change. Industrial policy should not only select tools, sectors and economic targets, it should also include the evaluation of societal goals and the principles of legality and democracy. However, several governments are attempting to both centralise power and speed-up decision making, thus by-passing the rule of law. Drawing on a selection of experiments on legislative bargaining, the aim of this paper is twofold. First, the paper proposes an extension of the experiment of Fréchette, Kagel and Lehrer (2003), to further understand how open and closed amendment rules impact on the behaviour of proposers and voters, when it comes to take urgent actions in a distributive model. Second, the proposal aims to contributing to the debate on industrial policy as a tool to govern structural change, by providing empirical evidence to support the adoption of open amendment rules and the inclusion of societal goals in the legislative bargaining process of industrial policies and resource allocation. Policy implications are presented from both the international and the national standpoint, by focusing on the Italian National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP)
Modern challenges for the modern bank
Full text linkThe last fifteen years have been characterized by deep structural changes in the economy, some of which are rooted in the global financial crisis of 2008, that led to major economic shocks on both the demand and supply side. Central Banks (CBs) reacted to such shocks by cutting interest rates. Nevertheless, lowering short-term interest rates has led to the so-called zero lower bound. Thus, since 2009, CBs have turned to unconventional monetary policy tools, whose long-term effects are uncertain. This paper seeks to explore current challenges for CBs in advanced economies. The paper analyses the factors that challenged the way monetary policy was conventionally conducted and discusses both the pros and the cons of quantitative easing, forward guidance, negative interest rate policy and yield curve control. For this purpose, the analysis involves empirical evidence and historical examples, suggesting the need to harmonize monetary and fiscal policies
Institutions, innovation and performance in Guangdong firms: The role of entrepreneurial orientation and environmental turbulence
No full textThis study combines the institution-based perspective and the innovation systems literature to examine the role of public policies in the entrepreneurship-innovation-performance relationships. It does so by presupposing a key mediating role for entrepreneurial orientation and by introducing environmental turbulence as a moderator. Data from a sample of 166 Guangdong Province manufacturing firms are used to test hypotheses, which distinguish between institutional pressures and incentives. Findings reveal the lesser relevance of institutional pressures whereas a more virtuous relationship between institutional incentives, entrepreneurial orientation and both innovation and overall performance emerges, especially when environmental turbulence increases. This is particularly clear with reference to firms' overall performance. These findings are of theoretical and practical relevance for the study of the effects of public policies as regards their nature and the policy design mix
PNRR e università. Una prospettiva locale
No full textThe dramatic economic and social consequences triggered by the COVID-19 crisis have urged countries to adopt exceptional measures to support the recovery of their economies. In July 2020, the European Council agreed upon the Next Generation EU (NGEU), a €750 billion plan to support Member States hit by the crisis. To receive financial support, Member States must prepare national recovery and resilience plans (NRRP) setting out their reform and investment agenda to be implemented by the end of 2026. Out of all the EU countries, Italy is one of the main beneficiaries of the NGEU. The effective implementation of its NRRP will depend on the governance mechanisms put in place to ensure coordination between the State, Regions, and Municipalities. In this multi-governance system, Municipalities play a central role, as recipients and implementers of several projects. Acknowledging the challenges faced by Municipalities that would benefit from the NRRP, this study reviews the supporting role of universities in the context of collaborative models for innovation, including the Triple and Quadruple
Helix. Drawing on the Third Mission of the University, the study reports the preliminary results of a survey, launched by the University of Macerata, to explore the challenges faced by local Municipalities in accessing to NRRP funds. Indications are provided to support the col labor a t ion among local administrators and universities. This co-creative approach might inform NRRP projects’ design and implementation, also generating short-, medium- and long-term impacts on the academic and local community, in economic, social, cultural and environmental terms
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Humanism and innovation in the global world: challenges for universities and the transformation of the labour market
No full textNowadays, the challenges (and opportunities) brought by digitalization are
creating new research and innovation paradigms, showing the extent to
which interconnections between science, technology, engineering and mathematics
(STEM) and social sciences and humanities (SSH) disciplines are
crucial to develop sustainable human-centred solutions (Schildermans, 2022).
Digitalization is becoming a subject of interest across heterogeneous, but complementary
fields of knowledge.
Humanism, as a philosophical and ethical standpoint, has been instrumental
in shaping the understanding of the value of human beings and their potential.
It emphasizes the importance of individual autonomy, critical thinking, and
the pursuit of knowledge. Indeed, in the context of a complex and highly
interconnected world, humanism continues to serve as a compass, guiding the
implementation of information and communication technologies (ICT) and
artificial intelligence (AI) advancements
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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