12,113 research outputs found
Rtp and the datagram congestion control protocol
No full textWe describe how the new Datagram Congestion Control Protocol (DCCP) can be used as a bearer for the Real-time Transport Protocol (RTP) to provide a congestion controlled basis for networked multimedia applications. This is a step towards deployment of congestion control for such applications, necessary to ensure the future stability of the best-effort network if high-bandwidth streaming and IPTV services are to be deployed outside of closed QoS-managed networks
Mobile distributed authentication protocol
No full textNetworks access control is a crucial topic and authentication is a pre-requisite of that process. Most existing authentication protocols (for example that used in the GSM mobile network) are centralised. Depending on a single entity is undesirable as it has security, trust and availability issues. This paper proposes a new protocol, GSM-secure network access protocol (G-SNAP). In G-SNAP, the authentication procedure and network access control is handled by a quorum of authentication centres. The advantages of the novel protocol include increased security, availability and distributed trust
Economic and Environmental Effectiveness of a Technology-based Climate Protocol
No full textThe present stalemate in climate negotiations between the US and the other Annex I countries has led policy analysts and economists to explore the possible emergence of alternative climate regimes that may be applied after 2012. This paper explores the idea of replacing international cooperation on greenhouse gas emission control with international cooperation on climate-related technological innovation and diffusion. This idea – recently proposed among others by Barrett (2001) and Benedick (2001) – is based on the insight that incentives to free ride are much smaller in the case of technological cooperation than in the case of cooperation on emission control. This paper provides a first applied game theory analysis of a technology-based climate protocol by assessing: (i) the selfenforcingness (namely, the absence of incentives to free ride) of the coalition that would form when countries negotiate on climate-related technological cooperation; (ii) the environmental effectiveness of a technology-based climate protocol. The analysis is carried out by using a model in which endogenous and induced technical change are explicitly modelled. The results of our analysis partly support Barrett’s and Benedick’s conjecture. On the one hand, a self-enforcing agreement is more likely to emerge when countries cooperate on environmental technological innovation and diffusion than when they cooperate on emission abatement. However, technological cooperation – without any commitment to emission control – may not lead to a sufficient abatement of greenhouse gas concentrations.Agreements, Climate, Incentives, Negotiations, Policy
14) on the Successful Theraphy of Protocol Comm-All-92 in ...
No full textAbstrack
Protocol Comm-ALL-92 is used for therapy ALL at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital. It is adapted from BFM Germany protocol and The ALL VINHR Protocol from the Netherlands. The outcome therapy of Comm-ALL-92 was unsuccesfull if compared to the German and Dutch. The success of chemotherapy depends on several variables namely age, sex, FAB classification, classification of desease, lymphadenopathy, Hb and leucocyte count at early stage of diagnostic and complications such as infection and bleeding.
ALL is sensitive to chemotherapy, but sometimes resistant. One possible factor that cause of resistance is c-myc overexpression. Protooncogen c-myc normally involves in controling of cell growth and apoptosis. If there is chromosomal rearrangement such as translocation t (814) c-myc gene reallocate downstream of Immuno-globulin gen which cause overexpression. This abnormality makes dysregulation in proliferation and difficult to be managed by chemotherapy. This study aimed to know the influence of t(814) of ALL patients on the succesfull treatment using protocol Comm-ALL-92.
Sample were collected from inpatient childhood ALL at the Department of Paediatric Sardjito General Hospital. Characteristic subjects such as age, sex, FAB classification, classification of disease, Hb and leucocyte count in early stage of diagnostics, lymphadenopathy, infection and bleeding were collected from medical record. To determine t(814) DNA from blood were amplified using Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) methods, c-myc and FR4 used as primers. Amplificaton were done in 30 cycles, and the conditions were denaturation 94°C, annealing 58°C, polymeration 72°C. PCR products were visualized and checked by electroforesis in 2% agarose gel with 100 V in 20 minutes.
The result of this study showed that not all of prognostic factors influenced to the success of the therapy. Sex and leucocyte countlower than 50.000/mm3 do not influence the respon of ALL therapy. Age
Keywords:t(814).c-myc - protocol therapy Comm-All-92 theraphy successfu
The PD COMM trial::a protocol for the process evaluation of a randomised trial assessing the effectiveness of two types of SLT for people with Parkinson's disease
No full textBACKGROUND: The PD COMM trial is a phase III multi-centre randomised controlled trial whose aim is to evaluate the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of two approaches to speech and language therapy (SLT) compared with no SLT intervention (control) for people with Parkinson's disease who have self-reported or carer-reported problems with their speech or voice. Our protocol describes the process evaluation embedded within the outcome evaluation whose aim is to evaluate what happened at the time of the PD COMM intervention implementation and to provide findings that will assist in the interpretation of the PD COMM trial results. Furthermore, the aim of the PD COMM process evaluation is to investigate intervention complexity within a theoretical model of how the trialled interventions might work best and why.METHODS/DESIGN: Drawing from the Normalization Process Theory and frameworks for implementation fidelity, a mixed method design will be used to address process evaluation research questions. Therapists' and participants' perceptions and experiences will be investigated via in-depth interviews. Critical incident reports, baseline survey data from therapists, treatment record forms and home practice diaries also will be collected at relevant time points throughout the running of the PD COMM trial. Process evaluation data will be analysed independently of the outcome evaluation before the two sets of data are then combined.DISCUSSION: To date, there are a limited number of published process evaluation protocols, and few are linked to trials investigating rehabilitation therapies. Providing a strong theoretical framework underpinning design choices and being tailored to meet the complex characteristics of the trialled interventions, our process evaluation has the potential to provide valuable insight into which components of the interventions being delivered in PD COMM worked best (and what did not), how they worked well and why.TRIAL REGISTRATION: ISRCTN Registry, ISRCTN12421382 . Registered on 18 April 2016.</p
IMS: The New Generation of Internet-Protocol-Based Multimedia Services
No full textLegacy networks, both fixed and mobile, which were originally designed for voice communications, are progressively migrating to new infrastructures that promise to revolutionize the services offered. In this paper, we will cover this new generation of personal communication services, with an emphasis on the family of Internet protocol (IP)-based multimedia subsystem (IMS)-aided infrastructure that relies on the session initiation protocol (SIP). As a benefit, the end users will enjoy a new generation of personal communications services that are accessible anywhere and anytime. These services are timedia subsystem (IMS)-aided infrastructure that relies on the directly related to the end users rather than to their diverse devices. It is anticipated that the new deployments of next-of the IMS technology. generation networks (all-IP based) will accelerate the adoptio
A utility-based adaptive sensing and multi-hop communication protocol for wireless sensor networks
No full textThis article reports on the development of a utility-based mechanism for managing sensing and communication in cooperative multisensor networks. The specific application on which we illustrate our mechanism is that of GlacsWeb. This is a deployed system that uses battery-powered sensors to collect environmental data related to glaciers which it transmits back to a base station so that it can be made available world-wide to researchers. In this context, we first develop a sensing protocol in which each sensor locally adjusts its sensing rate based on the value of the data it believes it will observe. The sensors employ a Bayesian linear model to decide their sampling rate and exploit the properties of the Kullback-Leibler divergence to place an appropriate value on the data. Then, we detail a communication protocol that finds optimal routes for relaying this data back to the base station based on the cost of communicating it (derived from the opportunity cost of using the battery power for relaying data). Finally, we empirically evaluate our protocol by examining the impact on efficiency of a static network topology, a dynamic network topology, the size of the network, the degree of dynamism of the environment, and the mobility of the nodes. In so doing, we demonstrate that the efficiency gains of our new protocol, over the currently implemented method over a 6 month period, are 78%, 133%, 100%, and 93%, respectively. Furthermore, we show that our system performs at 65%, 70%, 63%, and 70% of the theoretical optimal, respectively, despite being a distributed protocol that operates with incomplete knowledge of the environment
Neuronal morphology analysis
No full textThis protocol describes how to visualize neuronal morphology and how to determine neuronal complexity of immature and mature hippocampal neurons in the mouse in vivo including tissue preparation, staining of brain sections and confocal cell analysis
In vivo neurogenesis
No full textThis protocol shows how to characterize the dynamics of hippocampal neurogenesis in the adult mouse by describing preparation of brain tissue, immunofluorescence of brain sections and confocal stereotactic cell counting
Neuronal Morphology Analysis
No full textThis protocol describes how to visualize neuronal morphology and how to determine neuronal complexity of immature and mature hippocampal neurons in the mouse in vivo including tissue preparation, staining of brain sections and confocal cell analysis
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