1,720,986 research outputs found
Exposure to the agricultural fungicide tebuconazole promotes Aspergillus fumigatus cross-resistance to clinical azoles. [Comini S. is the co-first author; Banche G. is the corresponding author; Cuffini A.M. is the co-corresponding author]
No full textResistance to clinical triazoles in Aspergillus fumigatus is a growing concern for individuals at high risk of Aspergillus infection. Two triazole resistance selection routes are currently being investigated: one occurring in triazole-treated patients in healthcare settings, and the second taking place in the environment due to the widespread use of agricultural triazoles. This study aimed to assess the ability of agricultural azoles to promote cross-resistance to clinical azoles in A. fumigatus. Five A. fumigatus isolates susceptible to clinical azoles were exposed to the triazole 14α-demethylase inhibitor, tebuconazole (TBC), and then antifungal susceptibility tests for voriconazole, itraconazole, posaconazole and isavuconazole were performed. Under TBC selection pressure, all A. fumigatus isolates exhibited resistance to clinical triazoles. However, only two displayed a multiresistant phenotype to clinical azoles. TBC exposure was also associated with delayed conidia formation and progressive absence of conidiation. Noteworthy, no TBC-exposed clones harbored TR34/L98H mutation, as judged by real-time PCR assays. The observation that TBC exposure promotes cross-resistance to clinical triazoles warrants careful and thorough assessment of the human health risk associated with agricultural azoles. The absence of TR34/L98H mutation in cross-resistant A. fumigatus isolates suggests that other cyp51A mutations may be involved in clinical azole cross-resistance
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Evaluation of the efficacy and tolerability of nebivolol versus lisinopril in the treatment of essential arterial hypertension: a randomized, multicentre, double-blind study.
No full textIn vivo development of resistance to novel β-lactam/β-lactamase inhibitor combinations in KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae infections: a case series
No full textIntroduction Understanding the dynamics that may characterize the emergence of KPC variants with resistance to novel beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations (beta L/beta LICs) represents a challenge to be overcome in the appropriate use of recently introduced antibiotics. Methods Retrospective case series describing development of multiple resistance to novel beta L/beta LICs in patients with KPC-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (KPC-Kp) infections treated with these drugs. Clinical-microbiological investigation and characterization of longitudinal strains by Whole-Genome Sequencing were performed. Results Four patients with KPC-Kp bloodstream infections were included. Most frequent clinical features were kidney disease, obesity, cardiac surgery as reason for admission, ICU stay, treatment with ceftazidime/avibactam, and pneumonia and/or acute kidney injury needing renal replacement therapy as KPC-Kp sepsis-associated complications. The development of resistance to ceftazidime/avibactam was observed in four longitudinal strains (three of which were co-resistant to aztreonam/avibactam and cefiderocol) following treatments with ceftazidime/avibactam (n = 3) or cefiderocol (n = 1). Resistance to meropenem/vaborbactam and imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam was observed in one case after exposure to ceftazidime/avibactam and imipenem/cilastatin/relebactam. Resistome analysis showed that resistance to novel beta L/beta LICs was related to specific mutations within bla(KPC) carbapenemase gene (D179Y mutation [KPC-33]; deletion Delta 242-GT-243 [KPC-14]) in three longitudinal strains, while porin loss (truncated OmpK35 and OmpK36 porins) was observed in one case. Conclusion Therapy with novel beta L/beta LICs or cefiderocol may lead to the selection of resistant mutants in the presence of factors influencing the achievement of PK/PD targets. KPC variants are mainly associated with resistance to ceftazidime/avibactam, and some of them (e.g. KPC-14) may also be associated with reduced susceptibility to aztreonam/avibactam and/or cefiderocol. Loss of function of the OmpK35 and OmpK36 porins appears to play a role in the development of resistance to meropenem/vaborbactam and/or imipenem/relebactam, but other mechanisms may also be involved
In Vivo Emergence of Ceftazidime/Avibactam, Cefiderocol and Aztreonam/Avibactam Cross-Resistance in a Patient With KPC-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae Infection After Cefiderocol-Based Treatment
No full textVariations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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