1,721,117 research outputs found
Asymptotic homogenization of metamaterials elastic plates
Full text linkThe asymptotic homogenization technique is applied to evaluate the effective properties of thin plates with periodic heterogeneity. The effect of shear deformation in the homogenization process is evidenced and the role of cell slenderness, besides that of the plate, is clarified by several numerical analyses
Structural Modelling of FRC in Serviceability States: Simplified and Numerical Approaches
No full textThe vermiform appendix in Parkinson's disease: At the crossroad of peripheral immunity, the nervous system and the intestinal microbiome
No full textEditorial: Peripheral immunity in parkinson’s disease: Emerging role and novel target for therapeutics
No full textTAM receptor pathways at the crossroads of neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration
No full textIncreasing evidence suggests that pathogenic mechanisms underlying neurodegeneration are strongly linked with neuroinflammatory responses. Tyro3, Axl, and Mertk (TAM receptors) constitute a subgroup of the receptor tyrosine kinase family, cell surface receptors which transmit signals from the extracellular space to the cytoplasm and nucleus. TAM receptors and the corresponding ligands, Growth Arrest Specific 6 and Protein S, are expressed in different tissues, including the nervous system, playing complex roles in tissue repair, inflammation and cell survival, proliferation, and migration. In the nervous system, TAM receptor signalling modulates neurogenesis and neuronal migration, synaptic plasticity, microglial activation, phagocytosis, myelination, and peripheral nerve repair, resulting in potential interest in neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Multiple Sclerosis. In Alzheimer and Parkinson diseases, a role of TAM receptors in neuronal survival and pathological protein aggregate clearance has been suggested, while in Multiple Sclerosis TAM receptors are involved in myelination and demyelination processes. To better clarify roles and pathways involving TAM receptors may have important therapeutic implications, given the fine modulation of multiple molecular processes which could be reached. In this review, we summarise the roles of TAM receptors in the central nervous system, focusing on the regulation of immune responses and microglial activities and analysing in vitro and in vivo studies regarding TAM signalling involvement in neurodegeneration
Bending-Dominated Auxetic Materials for Wearable Protective Devices Against Impact
Full text linkAuxetic metamaterials have high energy absorption capacity and indentation resistance, due to their significant densification mechanism during compression. This study investigates the performance of structured materials in layered thin plates, with potential applications in wearable protective devices for sport activities. Two different 3D lattices, conventional and re-entrant honeycomb, are studied in detail and their dynamic behaviour is compared with that of a 2D auxetic lattice. Initially, the equivalent elastic properties of the proposed geometries are investigated at varying equivalent densities. Then a new lightweight solution of a sandwich structure with an auxetic metamaterial core is proposed for possible application to facial protective masks. Numerical impact analyses of the problem show the potential benefit of the present proposal with respect to traditional mask geometries
Non-linear mechanics in resonant inertial micro sensors
Full text linkMicrosystems (or Micro Electro Mechanical Systems, MEMS) are important components of many popular products in the consumer market and are one of the enabling ingredients of incoming industrial revolutions like Industry 4.0 and Internet of Things (IoT). Behind many Microsystems there are important mechanical principles and coupling effects that must be completely mastered starting from the design phase. More sophisticated and smaller devices also imply to consider many non-linear effects that can be strictly related to the mechanical response or to coupled electro-thermo-mechanical phenomena. This paper contains an overview of key mechanical aspects in design and reliability of Microsystems with a particular focus on non-linear dynamics of oscillators in inertial sensors
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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