594 research outputs found
Sweet Chestnut Wood Distillate’s Role in Reducing Helicoverpa armigera Damage and Enhancing Chickpea Performance: Evidence from Field Trial
Full text linkThe moth Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), better known as the pod borer, poses significant threats to chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) production. Therefore, effective and sustainable crop management strategies are required to mitigate the impact of this cosmopolitan pest. The present study aimed at investigating the potential of wood distillate (WD), a liquid byproduct of the pyrolysis of waste lignocellulosic biomass, to both reduce H. armigera pest incidence and to enhance crop yields in field-grown chickpea. The application of WD as a foliar spray effectively reduced the number of damaged pods by 35% during the plant´s reproductive stage compared with water-sprayed plants (~16 vs. 24 bored pods plant−1, respectively) and increased the number of healthy pods (~16 vs. 10 pods plant−1, respectively). Moreover, the lower pest incidence was accompanied by an improvement of both the seed yield and the quality at the plant´s full maturity stage. Specifically, WD-treated plants increased both the number and weight of seeds by ~80% compared to water-sprayed plants (~23 vs. 13 and 5.5 vs. 3 plant−1, respectively) which further showed a remarkable improvement in their nutritional value, with the concentration of total polyphenols, flavonoids, starch, calcium, and magnesium increasing by 17%, 56%, 43%, 23%, and 15%, respectively. These results underscore the potential of WD to both improve chickpea performance and to reduce H. armigera damage to sustainably improve the productivity of this critical legume crop, aligning with the principles of the circular economy and offering an environmentally friendly alternative to synthetic pesticides and fertilizers in agriculture
Rezension zu: Ilaria Bignamini/Clare Hornsby, Digging and Dealing in Eighteenth-Century Rome. With additional research by Irma Della Giovampaola and Jonathan Yarker (New Haven and London 2010)
No full textData of cost-optimal solutions and retrofit design methods for school renovation in a warm climate
Full text linkAbstract"Efficient Solutions and Cost-Optimal Analysis for Existing School Buildings" (Paolo Maria Congedo, Delia D’Agostino, Cristina Baglivo, Giuliano Tornese, Ilaria Zacà) [1] is the paper that refers to this article. It reports the data related to the establishment of several variants of energy efficient retrofit measures selected for two existing school buildings located in the Mediterranean area. In compliance with the cost-optimal analysis described in the Energy Performance of Buildings Directive and its guidelines (EU, Directive, EU 244,) [2,3], these data are useful for the integration of renewable energy sources and high performance technical systems for school renovation. The data of cost-efficient high performance solutions are provided in tables that are explained within the following sections.The data focus on the describe school refurbishment sector to which European policies and investments are directed. A methodological approach already used in previous studies about new buildings is followed (Baglivo Cristina, Congedo Paolo Maria, D׳Agostino Delia, Zacà Ilaria, 2015; IlariaZacà, Delia D’Agostino, Paolo Maria Congedo, Cristina Baglivo; Baglivo Cristina, Congedo Paolo Maria, D’Agostino Delia, Zacà Ilaria, 2015; Ilaria Zacà, Delia D’Agostino, Paolo Maria Congedo, Cristina Baglivo, 2015; Paolo Maria Congedo, Cristina Baglivo, IlariaZacà, Delia D’Agostino,2015) [4–8]. The files give the cost-optimal solutions for a kindergarten (REF1) and a nursery (REF2) school located in Sanarica and Squinzano (province of Lecce Southern Italy). The two reference buildings differ for construction period, materials and systems.The eleven tables provided contain data about the localization of the buildings, geometrical features and thermal properties of the envelope, as well as the energy efficiency measures related to walls, windows, heating, cooling, dhw and renewables. Output values of energy consumption, gas emission and costs are given for a financial and a macro-economic analysis.This data article provides 288 and 96 combinations for REF1 and REF2, respectively. The output values are obtained using the software ProCasaClima 2015v.2.0
Author Correction: Gluten consumption and inflammation affect the development of celiac disease in at-risk children
No full textThe original version of this Article contained an error in the spelling of the authors Renata Auricchio, Ilaria Calabrese, Martina Galatola, Donatella Cielo, Fortunata Carbone, Marianna Mancuso, Giuseppe Matarese, Riccardo Troncone, Salvatore Auricchio & Luigi Greco which were incorrectly given as Auricchio Renata, Calabrese Ilaria, Galatola Martina, Cielo Donatella, Carbone Fortunata, Mancuso Marianna, Matarese Giuseppe, Troncone Riccardo, Auricchio Salvatore & Greco Luigi. The original article has been corrected
Environmental policies and social impacts. Suggestions from Europeans cities
No full textAre we really sure that green and sustainable are always good for everyone? Ilaria Beretta tries to go beyond the rhetoric of sustainability to understand more deeply the interconnection between economy, society and environment in urban contexts, in the belief that only empirical research and the analysis of data can lead to a correct reading, which is as objective as possible, of the complex reality in which we live. The author, through a comparison between European and U.S. American cities, focuses in particular on policies related to climate change and land use, showing how these, if not properly monitored in their social effects, risk contributing to the tightening of social inequalities, through processes such as ecological and green gentrification. The volume is structured in three parts. In the first section, she illustrates the main European Union’s sustainability and environmental urban policies, focusing on climate change and land use strategies. The second chapter provides a conceptual framework through the environmental justice paradigm, as it applies in Europe and in U.S. Finally, the third chapter offers an empirical analysis of ecological and green gentrification processes, comparing American and European realities, and highlighting how context-specific differences can have profound effects on the manifestation (or not) of these phenomena
El Tlacuache Núm. 458 (2011). 458 Año 11 (2011) marzo. El Tlacuache
No full textReflexiones sobre la migración en la Costa Chica Oaxaqueña Cuando el teléfono suena...por Alejandra A. Ramírez López. -Fronteras Lugares irreales / lugares hiperreales por Ilaria Bologna
Photosynthesizing while hyperaccumulating nickel: Insights from the genus Odontarrhena (Brassicaceae)
No full textNickel-induced changes in photosynthetic activity were investigated in three Ni-hyperaccumulating Odontarrhena
species with increasing Ni tolerance and accumulation capacity, O. muralis, O. moravensis, and O. chalcidica.
Plantlets were grown in hydroponics at increasing NiSO4 concentrations (0, 0.25, and 1 mM) for one week, and
the effects of Ni on growth, metal accumulation, photosynthesis, and nitrogen (N) allocation to components of
the photosynthetic apparatus were analysed. Nickel treatments in O. chalcidica, and O. moravensis to a lesser
extent, increased not only the photochemical efficiency of photosystem II (PSII) and the CO2 assimilation rate,
but also CO2 diffusion from the atmosphere to the carboxylation sites. These two species displayed a specific
increase and/or rearrangement of the photosynthetic pigments and a higher leaf N allocation to the photosynthetic
components in the presence of the metal. Odontarrhena muralis displayed a decrease in photosynthetic
performance at the lowest Ni concentration due to a combination of both stomatal and non-stomatal limitations.
Our data represent the first complete investigation of the effects of Ni on the photosynthetic machinery in Ni
hyperaccumulating plants. Our findings clearly indicate a stimulatory, hormetic-like, effect of the metal on both
biophysics and biochemistry of photosynthesis in the species with the highest hyperaccumulation capacity
Multispectral, Thermographic and Spectroradiometric Analyses Unravel Bio-Stimulatory Effects of Wood Distillate in Field-Grown Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.)
Full text linkWood distillate (WD) has recently emerged as a promising bio-stimulant for sustainable legume crop production, owing to its ability to enhance seed yield and quality. However, no studies exist on the effects of WD on chickpea plants at pre-harvesting stages, hindering the farmers' ability to acquire valuable knowledge on the early action of WD on the plants' status and preventing the establishment of proactive measures to optimize WD use in agriculture. In this study, two multispectral, thermographic and spectroradiometric surveys, along with in-situ measurements of specific plant biometric traits, were conducted across the reproductive stage of field-grown chickpea in order to evaluate the early involvement of WD on plant health. The acquired multispectral images were used to calculate the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), revealing a notable similar to 35% increase in NDVI scores of WD-treated plants at the onset of physiological maturity, and indicating an improved plant status compared to the control (water-treated) plants. Moreover, control and WD-treated plants exhibited distinct spectral signatures across the visible, near-infrared (NIR) and short-wave infrared (SWIR) spectra, suggesting potential changes in their photosynthetic capacity, structural properties and water content both at the leaf and at the pod level. Furthermore, WD-treated plants showed a 25% increase in pod production, particularly at the beginning of seed maturity, suggesting that enhancements in plant status were also reflected in higher pod yields. These results point to a beneficial effect of WD on plant health during the preliminary stages of seed formation and indicate that a combination of both multispectral and spectroradiometric analyses can provide critical insights on the status of chickpea crops at pre-harvesting stages. In addition, these findings emphasize the importance of analyzing pre-harvesting stages to gain insights into the early involvement of WD in promoting plant health and, ultimately, in predicting final crop yields
Werner Sombart and the global society. Anticipations from a classic author of sociology
No full textThe article examines the most salient works in which the sociologist Werner Sombart saw the dimension of globality as a social element, constitutive of mo- dernity and its future. The aim is to understand the role of globality, as an idea and a phenomenon, in the constitution in all aspects of society (economic, political, cultural, anthropological). The Works to which the article refers show a global society, one that goes from the time of Sombart to the present day, as the author had already envisioned in all their potentialities and criticalities
Comparison of decision tree based classification strategies to detect external chemical stimuli from raw and filtered plant electrical response
Full text linkPlants monitor their surrounding environment and control their physiological functions by producing an electrical response. We recorded electrical signals from different plants by exposing them to Sodium Chloride (NaCl), Ozone (O3) and Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4) under laboratory conditions. After applying pre-processing techniques such as filtering and drift removal, we extracted few statistical features from the acquired plant electrical signals. Using these features, combined with different classification algorithms, we used a decision tree based multi-class classification strategy to identify the three different external chemical stimuli. We here present our exploration to obtain the optimum set of ranked feature and classifier combination that can separate a particular chemical stimulus from the incoming stream of plant electrical signals. The paper also reports an exhaustive comparison of similar feature based classification using the filtered and the raw plant signals, containing the high frequency stochastic part and also the low frequency trends present in it, as two different cases for feature extraction. The work, presented in this paper opens up new possibilities for using plant electrical signals to monitor and detect other environmental stimuli apart from NaCl, O3 and H2SO4 in future
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