1,721,002 research outputs found
On-line monitoring of the freeze-drying process: A new image-based PAT.
Full text linkIn this work a Process Analytical Technology (PAT) for the on-line monitoring of a Vacuum Freeze-Drying (VFD) based on the information extracted from the infrared images of the process is presented and validated. An infrared camera, placed inside the drying chamber, provided information about the thermal evolution of the process over time; after images pretreatment and segmentation, temperature profiles were extracted and processed to obtain the variables of interest. Experiments were carried out according to factorial design on a set of different operating conditions, namely fluid temperature and chamber pressure, type of vials and solid percentage in the solution. Both sucrose and mannitol solutions, were studied. Together with the temperature in several positions along the product height, we were able to correctly estimate the ending time of the primary drying phase together with the sublimating interface position and the heat and mass transfer coefficients, Kv and Rp. Those two parameters have a dramatic importance since they can be used in a mathematical model of the process for on-line or off-line optimization of the process. Being based on a contactless technology, the PAT studied in this work does not present any issue regarding the sterility requirement of the process or the possible interference of the sensing element with the product dynamics
A Glint of Lights in the Fog: Invisible Cities and the Riddles of Planning Practice
No full textThis paper examines Italo Calvino’s Invisible Cities as a unique literary canvas to reformulate the relationship between narratives and planning practices. It does so from the vantage point of the Frame, namely, the dialogues between the Khan (the planner) and Marco Polo (the resident/traveler) punctuating the imaginary cities described in the book. Read through with the aid of narratological concepts, the Frame functions a mini-treatise on urban complexity, structured along nine dyads of oppositional concepts (e.g., chaos vs. meaning; reality vs. possibility), which call into question as many planning milestones (e.g., control, purpose, model, balance), fostering an original reflection on the limitations and potentials of planning practices
Monitoring of a vial freeze-drying process with IR thermography.
Full text linkThis work presents a new device constituted by an IR camera placed inside the drying chamber to monitor the temperature of the vials without interferences. It is possible to estimate the ending point of the primary drying, the heat transfer coefficient to the product and the resistance of the dried product to vapor flux. Experiments were performed in a freeze-dryer using thermocouples and the IR camera. The measurements validate the IR camera as an effective technology for the process
The endowment effect with different possession times and types of items
No full textThe vast literature dealing with the endowment effect (EE) revolves around untangling the various determinants
that may be at work in producing the effect itself. We examine two of these likely determinants that
remain under-researched: The first is the effect that the length of possession may have on the EE. The second is
the type of good (tangible, intangible or exchange goods) used to test the effect. Using an online questionnaire
experiment, we investigate these aspects using three different items – a mug, an Amazon gift card, and a
quarterly subscription to Spotify – testing whether the EE occurs when subjects imagine owning the item for
different lengths of time. We find that the EE appears clearly for all types of goods, while the results are less
clear when considering the duration of possession
La riforma dei reati agro-alimentari: un progetto ancora attuale. Le direttrici politico-criminali delle recenti proposte e la responsabilità degli enti da reato agroalimentare.
No full textDopo avere ricostruito le linee portanti dei più recenti progetti di riforma del diritto penale agroalimentare, il contributo si sofferma su uno dei profili centrali nel disegno riformatore, quello relativo alla responsabilizzazione degli enti per reati agroalimentari
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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