1,720,992 research outputs found
Attività antifungina e antibiofilm dell’olio essenziale di Origanum vulgare, del carvacrolo e del timolo in Candida spp.
No full textL’olio essenziale di Origanum vulgare e due principi attivi che lo caratterizzano, il carvacrolo e il timolo, possiedono proprietà antimicotiche e antibiofilm in particolare nei confronti dei funghi appartenenti al genere Candida. Queste interessanti attività potrebbero essere utilizzate come coadiuvante e/o in alternativa alle convezionali terapie farmacologiche
Antioxidant, antifungal, antibiofilm, and cytotoxic activities of Mentha spp. essential oils
Full text linkSince ancient times, plants have been used to preserve food, or for their health properties. Essential oils are complex mixtures of volatile compounds that are obtained from botanical material, specifically from aromatic plants. Lamiaceae is one of the most important families in the production of essential oils, as it has both antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. The essential oils of Mentha (the Lamiaceae family) have been extensively studied for their biological actions. In this review, we report the antioxidant, antifungal, antibiofilm, and cytotoxic properties of Mentha spp. essential oils. The first objective is to provide comprehensive information about the use of essential oils in the treatment of fungal infections, or as antioxidants and integrative anticancer therapy. The second is to explore the evidence supporting its effectiveness in treating diseases without causing any serious adverse reactions
"In vivo" and "in vitro" antimicrobial activity of Origanum vulgare essential oil and its two phenolic compounds on clinical isolates of Candida spp
No full textA limited therapeutic arsenal is currently available against Candida infections that show high resistance to antifungal agents.
For this reason, there is a great need to prioritize testing therapeutic agents for the treatment of candidiasis. The use of
essential oils and their phytoconstituents has been emphasized as a new therapeutic approach. The cell surface hydrophobicity
(CSH), polysaccharide content, antimicrobial activity of essential oil from Origanum vulgare L. (OVEO), and its two
phenolic compounds carvacrol and thymol were evaluated in four different Candida spp. (Candida albicans and emerging
non-albicans Candida (NAC) species, such as C. glabrata, C. tropicalis, and C. krusei). The results showed the differences
between Candida species; for example, C. tropicalis revealed higher resistance than other strains to different natural molecule
treatments. The ultrastructural variabilities in the biomembranes and cell walls of these Candida spp. might explain the different
biological effects observed after OVEO, carvacrol and thymol treatments. Therefore, to study the biological effects of
these natural compounds on Candida strains, the samples were observed by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and
scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Moreover, the release of cellular materials and their “in vivo” antimicrobial activity
on infected G. mellonella larvae were evaluated. The novelty of this study is the demonstration that exists a close correlation
between both structural architecture of cell walls and biomembranes’ organization with cell fungal responses to essential
oils treatments. Overall, these results suggest practical limits to the predictabilit
Efficiency of liposomes in the delivery of a photosensitizer controlled by the stereochemistry of a gemini surfactant component
No full textLiposomes formulated with dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-phosphatidylcholine, DMPC, and either one of the cationic gemini surfactants (S,S)-2,3-dimethoxy-1,4- bis(N-hexadecyl-N,N-dimethylammonio)butane bromide, 1a, and (S,R)-2,3-dimethoxy- 1,4-bis(N-hexadecyl-N,N-dimethylammonio)butane bromide, 1b, were investigated as vehicles of the photosensitizer m-tetrahydroxyphenylchlorin, m-THPC, to cell models of malignant glioma. The delivery efficiency of DMPC/1a and DMPC/1b liposome formulations were evaluated on the murine glioblastoma cell line C6 and on the human glioblastoma cell line LN229 by flow cytometry and laser scanning confocal microscopy. The stereochemistry of the spacer of the gemini was found to strongly influence the delivery efficiency of m-THPC to cells, the mode of interaction with the cell membrane, and the intracellular distribution of m-THPC. The physicochemical features of liposomes were investigated with the aim of explaining the parameters that control their biological features. Differences that could account for the different biological activity of the formulations concern the values of surface potential and the environment of m-THPC at the water/liposome interface. © 2010 American Chemical Society
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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