1,721,050 research outputs found
Optimizing WPT Receivers for Enhanced Performance and Cost Efficiency in Electric Vehicles
No full textWireless power transfer is one of the most interesting technologies in transportation. Resonant inductive power transfer would allow electric vehicles to be recharged wirelessly and dynamically. As new vehicle models come onto the market, it will be important to ensure that vehicles are equipped with optimised receivers that get catch the desired power and minimise the use of materials. The distance between the transmitter and receiver has a major impact on the amount of power that can be transmitted. To address that, this paper proposes a model to study the optimisation of receivers mounted on electric vehicles, allowing optimised power reception for taller vehicles such as SUVs and saving up to 4% and 3% of receiver costs for sports cars and utility vehicles respectively. The implemented model will also be replicable and scalable in other contexts to certify the optimal sizing of vehicle mounted receivers
Sustainable Green Island in Smart Road: Case Study Applied on Italian Highway Network
No full textGlobal policies promote the diffusion of Electric Vehicles (EVs) although these policies must be supported by adequate infrastructure to keep up with the rate of electrification. In this way, Smart Roads can contribute to the deployment of green vehicles by providing green islands at strategic points along their route that can perform fast charges. This work proposes a model for the electrification of a smart road powered by a green island, in three possible locations of the Italian highway network (North, Centre and South). The study is articulated with the definition of an electrical load of the green island in the continuous operation scenario. A photovoltaic system supported by a storage system is built to power the load in order to make it sustainable and green
Optimized Electric Vehicles Wireless Charging: Applicative Models for Supporting Decision Makers
No full textWireless Power Transfer is one of the most promising technologies in the private transport sector. With the large-scale deployment of electric vehicles for decarbonization policies, the number of charging stations to be deployed will increase and may not be sufficient for the service, causing network instability. The use of wireless charging in urban and highway contexts could facilitate the service by reducing the network peaks associated with DC fast charging stations. This paper guides a decision-maker interested in implementing wireless charging models in urban and highway contexts. The work proposes an optimization algorithm for each context and identifies outputs for 3 different car models with different heights above the ground (0.10 m, 0.20 m and 0.30 m). This will allow to identify 3 optimized scenarios for wireless charging for each model. A sensitivity analysis will show the percentage improvement in performance as the number of transmitters is increased. In the urban model, it will be possible to increase the energy charged per stop by up to 4.2% by varying between the minimum and maximum number of transmitters. In the highway model, it will be possible to increase the recharged energy in a 1 km section by up to 26.5% by varying the number of transmitters between the 3 optimal configurations obtained. These results can provide a quantitative guide for decision-makers wishing to implement a wireless charging system in the two contexts analyzed
EVs Wireless Charging in Urban Context: A Model for Optimal Transmitter Positioning
No full textWith new stringent regulations introduced by several countries to encourage the decarbonisation of various sectors, Wireless Power Transfer is becoming one of the most interesting technologies in the transportation framework, as it enables to charge without connection and also dynamically. This type of charging also allows the vehicle to be recharged through short stops in different locations in urban areas, such as crossroads, traffic lights and routes subject to traffic congestions. This work implements a wireless charging model based on resonant inductive power transfer for charging electric vehicles in these locations. To avoid magnetic field leakage, coupled circuits are used that operate at resonant frequency to improve power transfer. The model optimises the number of transmitters for transmission and identifies performance trends by defining an ideal structure for an urban context. This will lead to the possibility of charging EVs also in traffic up to 210 Wh in 30 s. The implementation of this algorithm also makes it possible to check compliance with magnetic field limits on a section of road where wireless power transmission is implemented, proposing solution to avoid undesired citizens involvement
Private Company Decarbonization: A Methodology for Renewable Integrated Full-Electric Fleet
No full textClimate change is one of the greatest challenges of our time. To address it, several authorities have introduced strict policies for the sectors that have the greatest impact on emissions, such as power generation and transportation. However, the private transportation sector is still slow to change as users doubt the efficiency of vehicles. However, some companies have started to decarbonize their corporate fleets to obtain emission reduction certificates and incentives. This paper proposes a methodology to implement electrification of a corporate fleet by integrating it with electric vehicles and a photovoltaic system to ensure clean energy use. The methodology is based on profiling the company's employees. This approach allows designing an optimized charging system based on a charging management strategy. Then, based on the demand generated by vehicle charging, a photovoltaic system can be implemented alongside a storage system. This electrification process will enable the company to save 992.25 tons of CO2per year and power its electric vehicles
K-Means and Alternative Clustering Methods in Modern Power Systems
Full text linkAs power systems evolve by integrating renewable energy sources, distributed generation, and electric vehicles, the complexity of managing these systems increases. With the increase in data accessibility and advancements in computational capabilities, clustering algorithms, including K-means, are becoming essential tools for researchers in analyzing, optimizing, and modernizing power systems. This paper presents a comprehensive review of over 440 articles published through 2022, emphasizing the application of K-means clustering, a widely recognized and frequently used algorithm, along with its alternative clustering methods within modern power systems. The main contributions of this study include a bibliometric analysis to understand the historical development and wide-ranging applications of K-means clustering in power systems. This research also thoroughly examines K-means, its various variants, potential limitations, and advantages. Furthermore, the study explores alternative clustering algorithms that can complete or substitute K-means. Some prominent examples include K-medoids, Time-series K-means, BIRCH, Bayesian clustering, HDBSCAN, CLIQUE, SPECTRAL, SOMs, TICC, and swarm-based methods, broadening the understanding and applications of clustering methodologies in modern power systems. The paper highlights the wide-ranging applications of these techniques, from load forecasting and fault detection to power quality analysis and system security assessment. Throughout the examination, it has been observed that the number of publications employing clustering algorithms within modern power systems is following an exponential upward trend. This emphasizes the necessity for professionals to understand various clustering methods, including their benefits and potential challenges, to incorporate the most suitable ones into their studies
Renewable Integration for Green Urban Mobility: A Case Study of Public Transport Depot Electrification
No full textThis paper analyses an electrification strategy for a depot for a public transport company, through an optimized model. The case study analyses both the transition of a depot able to host 10 buses towards e-buses and proposes the integration of a micro-grid, powered by PV panels to power the e-buses in a sustainable way. The study addresses key challenges such as spatial constraints, passenger demand, and financial considerations, through a Genetic Algorithm (GA). The analysis encompasses two scenarios: a mixed fleet of electric and diesel buses and an exclusive focus on e-buses. The study highlights the importance of considering both electric and diesel buses in fleet optimization, and combined with renewables emphasize the advantages of operational flexibility and sustainability. Thanks to the implementation of a micro-grid capable of providing 1123.87 kWh/day to power the e-buses as much as possible
Solar Powered Micro-grid in Asmara: Model for Sustainable Generation and Distribution
No full textWith the worldwide trend of decarbonization and the increment of the electrification rate, energy production became a primary issue. If from one side developed countries have to face an energetic crisis linked to the leakage of energy sources, other countries have still to face the issue of the access to electricity. In many African Sub-Saharan countries, the access to electricity still represents a critical point to face, in order to develop the region, limiting the life quality development and the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) growth. Thanks to distributed generation, several solutions were implemented for power generation and distribution. The implementation of a micro-grid to electrify the region represents a smart solution due to the simple structure and the modularity, allowing to enlarge it effortless. Moreover, this region benefits of a high solar radiation, making the installation of photovoltaic (PV) panels extremely profitable in terms of energy production. Following these considerations, this work simulates the implementation of a micro-grid, using the software HOMER Pro, largely used for micro-grid simulation, in order to power an electrical system in a Sub-Saharan developing country, Eritrea, where the electrification rate is 76% in the urban areas and 37% in the rural ones. To reach the environmental sustainability target, the micro-grid will be powered by a PV plant, due to the high daily solar radiation of 6 kWh/m2/day, helped by a storage system, in order to realize a 14 MW power plant in 0.28 km2, which is able to overcome the production. In conclusion, this work wants to be the testing ground for future studies of electrification in developing countries, where the integration of micro-grids and renewables can help to solve the issue of access to electricity, always respecting the sustainability trend
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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