1,721,006 research outputs found
ANIMALI E ANZIANI NEGLI INTERVENTI ASSISTITI CON GLI ANIMALI: UNA PANORAMICA DELLA LETTERATURA SCIENTIFICA
No full textTerapie Assistite con gli Animali e Sistema Sanitario Nazionale: verso un inquadramento nella cornice ICF e nel modello bio-psico-sociale
No full textLa cooperazione di polizia e giudiziaria e la circolazione della prova digitale nello spazio giudiziario europeo: un bilanciamento critico tra libertà, sicurezza e giustizia.
Full text linkThe modern society is the result of a technological progress, as a sign of goodness and richness.
As Mark Mazower observes, it is necessary to consider the “dark side” of the development, in order to avoid the dangers.
The new technologies bring with them a hidden potential of violence, stressed by the relevant role in human life.
Sociologists and psychologists are afraid of the unbalanced relation between man and machine, in which the first one is the slave of the second one.
In fact, many times the computer instruments become a way for the commission (or for a better and fast commission) of a crime.
Everyone would be in condition to know and understand the risks of the progress, in order to avoid them.
This form of perception of the negatives is facilitated by the ways of communication, that allow to know hypothesis of cybercrimes, considered as the crimes committed by or on the computer (or others technological supports).
Remember, for example, the famous case ECHELON, or the case of the website Wikileaks, or the case of the serial killer, Matej Curko and so on.
These are only a little part of many news regarding to computer technologies.
The research is due to this social contemporary panorama, from which are developed the analysis on the transnational crimes, uses of new technologies and the problems of EU criminal justice and procedure.
In this field take importance the police and judicial cooperation (as informative cooperation too) between Member States, especially in the fight against transnational crimes, the circulation of e-evidences and the protection of data and of fundamental rights too.
The Lisbon Treaty traces the state of the project of the European space of freedom, security and justice.
The development of the police and judicial cooperation is one of the elements useful for the realization of this objective.
The European law of cooperation and the interpretation made by the European Court of Justice, provide new powers of the EU institutions and also the recognition of the fundamental rights, written in the Nice Charta and in the ECHR.
An integration of the national judicial orders needs the introduction of communitarian laws.
In cooperation material, from the Convention of 1959 to the Bruxelles Convention of 2000, many things are changed.
Out of these conventional instruments, we can consider also others important elements of development, as the Decision of EAW and the Decision of EEW.
Many communitarian bodies are involved in the cooperation and their powers are increased during the time, as Europol, Eurojust and Olaf.
These organisms are really so important in the fight against transnational and cyber crimes, in particular because they have member of every State and a good sight on the general EU space.
The use of new technologies has increased the number of digital evidence, collected and useful for a decision of a criminal proc eeding.
In the european judicial space there is not a common definition of the concept of digital evidence, but every national order use this.
In the USA were developed the first studies in this material, related to the computer forensics, a method of analysis of the e -evidence.
There is not a list of best practices in computer forensics too, but every police organism that use this method has a internal regulation (not binding).
This condition of no common rules and criteria generates many problems to the judicial authorities, called to use or not use for the decision an e-evidence.
But the digital evidence, in a context of fight against serious transnational crimes, needs to circulate between the States involved, balancing the interest of security and justice and the right to privacy .
In order to realize this objective, all the infrastructure for the collection and circulation of data must be secure and controlled by specialized staff.
In the EU (but also in the member States) there are many databases, useful for the collection of electronic evidences and for the circulation of them, in the procedure of police and judicial cooperation.
The most important are SIS II, EPOC III of Eurojust, TECS of Europol, the database of Olaf, ECRIS, VIS, EURODAC and VIS.
Each of these archives has special rules for access, collection and circulation of data and, in general, operational rules applicable.
In these field we have to consider the protection of fundamental rights and of the procedural rights too. In particular, the right of a fair trial, of translation and interpretation, of defence and of privacy.
In a multilanguage EU space, it is more difficult for the police and judicial authorities to cooperate and understand eachother. The increasing of powers of communitarian bodies (Europol, Eurojust and Olaf) and the development con common rules and principles, can realize a better collaboration between member States, as underlined in the Lisbon Treaty.
The Europen Union, as stressed in the project Europe 2020,intends to put money for growing up the progress, technical and economical.
The innovation needs a clear common response, by a normative way too.
In many situations is better the choice of mutual recognition, as already known in the European context, in many others is better to harmonize (as possible) the principles and the laws between member States.
Regarding the development of the EU judicial space, especially in criminal law and procedure, the communitarian order focus on t he judicial, police and informative cooperation. This is stressed also in the Sthockolm Program and in the Action Plan, in which are provided reforms in these matters.
So, all the European citizen can hope in a EU space of freedom, security and justice and also in a communitarian criminal justice, with guaranties of procedural and fundamental rights, as written in Nice Charta, in ECHR and in the national Constitutions
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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