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Neurotransmitter-induced modulation of an electrotonic synapse in the CNS of hirudo medicinalis
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Serotonina e cAMP modulano le sinapsi elettriche e le sinapsi chimiche nel ganglio segmentale di Hirudo m.
No full textSphingomyelinase metabolites control survival and apoptotic death in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells
No full textRole of serotonin on cellular mechanisms of non associative learning in swim behavior of the leech Hirudo medicinalis
No full textSphingolipid metabolites in neural signalling and function
No full textSphingolipid metabolites, such as ceramide, sphingosine, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) and complex sphingolipids (gangliosides), are recognized as molecules capable of regulating a variety of cellular processes. The role of sphingolipid metabolites has been studied mainly in non-neuronal tissues. These studies have underscored their importance as signals transducers, involved in control of proliferation, survival, differentiation and apoptosis. In this review, we will focus on studies performed over the last years in the nervous system, discussing the recent developments and the current perspectives in sphingolipid metabolism and functions
Alterations in calcium levels in endoplasmic reticulum regulate growth and apoptosis in immortalized hippocampal neuroblasts
No full textRole of mitochondria in serum withdrawal-induced apoptosis of immortalized neuronal precursors
No full textAbstract
The intracellular mechanisms controlling apoptosis in immature neurons are still largely unknown. Taking immortalized hippocampal
neuronal precursors (mouse cell line HN9.10e) as a model, we have analyzed the cellular events associated to apoptosis induced by serum
deprivation. We observed translocation of Bax from cytosol to mitochondria after 1 h of serum withdrawal followed, 2 h later, by
cytochrome c release from mitochondria. These events occurred without mitochondrial membrane potential loss nor mitochondrial
calcium raise. As calcium is implicated in several cell death pathways, we analyzed intracellular calcium levels after longer periods of
21 21 serum deprivation. After 6 h, an increase of cytosolic Ca was detected in HN9.10e cells loaded with the Ca indicator Fluo3-AM. This
increase of calcium preceded morphological signs of apoptosis such as cell shrinkage and nuclear fragmentation, and was followed by a
more pronounced raise that persisted until the terminal phases of the apoptotic process. Cells serum-deprived for 4 h and then grown in
complete medium for 20 h fully recovered viability. Summarizing, in HN9.10e cells, calcium deregulation occurs in the late phases of
apoptosis; earlier events involve translocation of Bax, release of cytochrome c, and maintenance of mitochondrial functionality. This
allows an enlargement of the temporal window in which commitment to death is reversible
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